FT A-MA-26-7009-98-1 DOT-VNTSC-FTA-98-5 U.S. Department of Transportation Critical Incident Federal Transit Adm inistration Management Guidelines U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Final Report Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 July 1998 - FTA OFFICE OF SAFETY AND SECURITY NOTICE This document is disseminated under the sponsorship of the Department of Transportation in the interest of information exchange. The United States Government assumes no liability for its contents or use thereof. NOTICE The United States Government does not endorse products or manufacturers. Trade or manufacturers' names appear herein solely because they are considered essential to the objective of this report. REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE FormOMB NO.Approved 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collecti9n of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188), Washington, DC 20503._______ 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED July 1998 Final report July 1997 - April 1998 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Critical Incident Management Guidelines U8129/TT853 6. AUTHOR(S) M. Annabelle Boyd, M. Patricia Maier, James E. Caton 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Boyd, Maier & Associates REPORT NUMBER 402 Greenwood Farms Road Barboursville, VA 22923______ ______ DOT-VNTSC-FTA-98 - 5 9. SPONSORING/MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING U.S. Department of Transportation AGENCY REPORT NUMBER Federal Transit Administration Office of Safety and Security FTA-MA-26-7009-98-1 Washington, DC 20590______________________ 11. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES under contract to: U.S. Department of Transportation Research and Special Programs Administration John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Cambridge, MA 02142-1093 12a. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITY STATEMENT 12b. DISTRIBUTION CODE This document is available to the public through the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22161 13. ABSTRACT (Maximum 200 words) The public transportation network in the United States includes 508 bus and rail agencies and 15 commuter railroads providing 22 million trips daily, 8 billion trips annually. These agencies employ almost 300,000 people and provide approximately 41 billion passenger miles of travel, about half by rail and half by nonrail service. Emergencies and disasters, whether they occur at transit agencies or in the communities they serve, threaten public transportation's ability to provide practical assistance to transit personnel with responsibility for planning, managing, and recovering from emergencies and disasters. Definitions and characteristics of these events and their impact on organizations and systems are provided. The evolution of emergency management in the transit environment is described, and specific emergency management tools are explained. These guidelines provide a detailed discussion of transit and community activities necessary to support emergency preparedness, mitigation, response, and recovery efforts. 14. SUBJECT TERMS 15. NUMBER OF PAGES 186 rail, security, state safety oversight, deployment, crime, facility design, technology, policy, procedure, best practices 16. PRICE CODE 17. SECURITY 18. SECURITY 19. SECURITY 20. LIMITATION OF CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION CLASSIFICATION ABSTRACT OF REPORT OF THIS PAGE OF ABSTRACT Unclassified Unclassified Unclassified NSN 7540-01-280-5500 StandardForm298(Rev.2-89) Prescribed by ANSI Std. 239-18 298-102 Preface These guidelines represent the cooperative efforts of many people. The authors would like to extend their full appreciation to the Federal Transit Administration, the Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, and the following individuals who were instrumental in initiating this project and bringing it to its successful conclusion: Judy Meade Director, Office of Safety and Security Federal Transit Administration William T. Hathaway Senior Project Engineer Volpe National Transportation Systems Center Edith Rodano Office of Safety and Security Federal Transit Administration John P. Sullivan Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Fritz Patterson Deputy Chief, Law Enforcement Branch California Governor's Office of Emergency Services The authors would also like to thamk those transit agencies and police departments that contributed their experience and materials to support the development of these guidelines. iii METRIC/ENGLISH CONVERSION FACTORS ENGLISH TO METRIC METRIC TO ENGLISH LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) LENGTH (APPROXIMATE) 1 inch (in) = 2.5 centimeters (cm) 1 millimeter (mm) = 0.04 inch (in) 1 foot (ft) = 30 centimeters (cm) 1 centimeter (cm) = 0.4 inch (in) 1 yard (yd) = 0.9 meter (m) 1 meter (m) = 3.3 feet (ft) 1 mile (mi) = 1.6 kilometers (km) 1 meter (m) = 1.1 yards (yd) 1 kilometer (km) = 0.6 mile (mi) AREA (APPROXIMATE) AREA (APPROXIMATE) 1 square inch (sq in, in2) = 6.5 square centimeters (cm2) 1 square centimeter (cm2) = 0.16 square inch (sq in, in2) 1 square foot (sq ft, ft2) = 0.09 square meter (m2) 1 square meter (m2) =1.2 square yards (sq yd, yd2) 1 square yard (sq yd, yd2) = 0.8 square meter (m2) 1 square kilometer (km2) = 0.4 square mile (sq mi, mi2) 1 square mile (sq mi, mi2) = 2.6 square kilometers (km2) 10,000 square meters (m2) = 1 hectare (ha) = 2.5 acres 1 acre = 0.4 hectare (ha) = 4,000 square meters (m2) MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) MASS - WEIGHT (APPROXIMATE) 1 ounce (oz) = 28 grams (gm) 1 gram (gm) = 0.036 ounce (oz) 1 pound (Ib) = .45 kilogram (kg) 1 kilogram (kg) = 2.2 pounds (Ib) 1 short ton = 2,000 pounds (Ib) = 0.9 tonne (t) 1 tonne (t) = 1 ,000 kilograms (kg) =1.1 short tons VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) VOLUME (APPROXIMATE) 1 teaspoon (tsp) = 5 milliliters (ml) 1 milliliter (ml) = 0.03 fluid ounce (fl oz) 1 tablespoon (tbsp) =1 5 milliliters (ml) 1 liter (1) = 2.1 pints (pt) 1 fluid ounce (fl oz) = 30 milliliters (ml) 1 liter (I) = 1.06 quarts (qt) 1 cup (c) = 0.24 liter (I) 1 liter (I) = 0.26 gallon (gal) 1 pint (pt) = 0.47 liter (I) 1 cubic meter (m3) = 36 cubic feet (cu ft, ft3) 1 quart (qt) = 0.96 liter (1) 1 cubic meter (m3) =1.3 cubic yards (cu yd, yd3) 1 gallon (gal) = 3.8 liters (I) 1 cubic foot (cu ft, ft3) = 0.03 cubic meter (m3) 1 cubic yard (cu yd, yd3) = 0.76 cubic meter (m3) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) TEMPERATURE (EXACT) °C=5/9(°F - 32) °F=9/5(°C) + 32 QUICK INCH-CENTIMETER LENGTH CONVERSION INCHES . 0 1 2 3 4 5 I i I I i I CENTIMETERS 6 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 QUICK FAHRENHEIT-CELSIUS TEMPERATURE CONVERSION °F -40° -22° -4° 14° 32° 50° 68° 86° 104° 122° 140° 158° 176° 194° 212° _|———|———|—————|—————|—————|—————|————|————|—————|—————|——————————————|———|_ °C -40° -30° -20° -10° 0° 10° 20° 30° 40° 50° 60° 70° 80° 90° 100° For more exact and or other conversion factors, see NIST Miscellaneous Publication 286, Units of Weights and Measures. Price$2.50. SD Catalog No. C13 10286. updated 8/1/96 IV Table of Contents Executive Summary...................................................................................................................................ix 1. Comprehensive Emergency Management................................................................................. 1 1.1 Phases of Emergency Management..................................................................................... 2 1.2 Implementing Emergency Management.............................................................................. 3 1.3 Integrated Emergency Management Implementation......................................................... 5 1.4 Emergency Program Manager.............................................................................................. 9 1.5 Importance of Emergency Management in the Transit Environment.................................9 1.6 New Directions for Crisis Management............................................................................ 10 2. Problem Identification, Hazard Analysis, Risk Assessment, and Planning............................ 11 2.1 Problem Identification and Hazard Analysis.................................................................... 11 2.2 Risk Assessment and Resolution ...................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Perform Risk Assessment.................................................................................................. 12 2.2.2 Identify Hazard Severity and Probability................................................................ 14 2.2.3 Resolve Identified Risks and Hazards..................................................................... 18 2.3 Pre-Planning and Planning................................................................................................. 19 3. Emergency Preparedness......................................................................................................... 21 3.1 Understanding Roles and Responsibilities........................................................................21