Coastal Profile for Tanzania Mainland 2014 District Volume II Including Threats Prioritisation Investment Prioritisation for Resilient Livelihoods and Ecosystems in Coastal Zones of Tanzania List of Contents List of Contents ......................................................................................................................................... ii List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................. x List of Figures ......................................................................................................................................... xiii Acronyms ............................................................................................................................................... xiv Table of Units ....................................................................................................................................... xviii 1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................... 19 Coastal Areas ...................................................................................................................................... 19 Vulnerable Areas under Pressure ..................................................................................................................... 19 Tanzania............................................................................................................................................................ 19 The Project ........................................................................................................................................... 20 Partners ............................................................................................................................................................. 20 Objectives .......................................................................................................................................................... 20 Phases and Activities ........................................................................................................................................ 21 Schedule ............................................................................................................................................................ 22 Coastal Profile ..................................................................................................................................... 22 Presentation of the Coastal Profile .................................................................................................................... 22 Threats Prioritisation ......................................................................................................................... 23 Process............................................................................................................................................................... 23 Threats Prioritisation Methodology Brief ......................................................................................................... 23 Overall Threats Prioritisation Outcome ........................................................................................................... 24 2. Mkinga District ............................................................................................................................... 37 Climate Profile .................................................................................................................................... 37 Temperature ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Precipitation ...................................................................................................................................................... 37 Winds ................................................................................................................................................................ 37 Population ........................................................................................................................................... 37 Economy .............................................................................................................................................. 38 Agriculture ....................................................................................................................................................... 38 Fisheries ............................................................................................................................................................ 38 Tourism ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 Minerals ............................................................................................................................................................ 39 Description of the coast ..................................................................................................................... 39 Physical ............................................................................................................................................................. 39 Coastal ecology .................................................................................................................................................. 39 Coastal waters ................................................................................................................................................... 40 Marine species of importance ............................................................................................................................ 40 Natural resources .............................................................................................................................................. 40 Settlements ........................................................................................................................................................ 41 Infrastructure .................................................................................................................................................... 41 Major Threats ...................................................................................................................................... 41 CRIAM Ranking of Threats to Local Communities in Mkinga District ..................................... 42 Major Opportunities .......................................................................................................................... 42 Climate Change Impacts ................................................................................................................... 43 Projects and Plans .............................................................................................................................. 43 3. Tanga Urban District ...................................................................................................................... 45 Climate Profile .................................................................................................................................... 45 Temperature ...................................................................................................................................................... 45 Precipitation ...................................................................................................................................................... 45 Winds ................................................................................................................................................................ 45 ii Population ........................................................................................................................................... 45 Economy .............................................................................................................................................. 45 Agriculture ...................................................................................................................................................... 46 Fisheries ........................................................................................................................................................... 46 Tourism ............................................................................................................................................................ 46 Minerals ........................................................................................................................................................... 46 Description of the coast ..................................................................................................................... 47 Physical ............................................................................................................................................................. 47 Coastal ecology .................................................................................................................................................. 47 Coastal waters ................................................................................................................................................... 47 Marine species