PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI BHIMA’S STRUGGLE AGAINST CLASS DISCRIMINATION IN THRITY UMRIGAR’S THE SPACE BETWEEN US AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra In English Letters By: ANGELIN ELIZABET BUISWARIN DIAZ Student Number: 094214082 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2016 PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI BHIMA’S STRUGGLE AGAINST CLASS DISCRIMINATION IN THRITY UMRIGAR’S THE SPACE BETWEEN US AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra In English Letters By: ANGELIN ELIZABET BUISWARIN DIAZ Student Number: 094214082 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2016 ii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI Be JOYFUL in HOPE, PATIENT in AFFLICTION, FAITHFUL in PRAYER. Romans 12:12 vii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My greatest gratitude goes to Jesus and Mother Marry who have given me strength to accomplish this undergraduate thesis. I would like to thank my parents: Chris Diaz and Caecilia Diaz, my sisters Cindy and Mutia, and also my brother Roberto and Joseph for their support and endless love. They are my real guardian angels. Thank you also my four-leg kids who always accompany do my thesis. To my thesis advisor, Ms. Sri Mulyani, thank you so much for guiding me until I finish this undergraduate thesis. Thank you for the support and advice, it means a lot for me because Ms. Sri still gives me a chance to finish my thesis. Also I would like to thank Ms. Elisabeth Arti Wulandari for giving me advice and chance to finish this final thesis. Especially, I would like to thank Mr. Hirmawan Wijanarka as Head of English Letters Department for giving me chance to finish my undergraduate thesis. I also would like to thank all the lectures in English Letters Department for their guidance and for leading me to achieve my dream. I would like to thank the secretariat staff of English Letters Department, Mbak Ninik, who has helped me a lot with the paper work. For all my friends Puput, Bene, Naomi, Rosita, Anin, Siska, Ovi, MbakLidya, Mbak Bea, and Mov who always support and believe in me thank you so much. I sincerely thank all the people whom I cannot mention one by one and who have given me a hand during the writing of this undergraduate thesis. Angelin Elizabet Buiswarin Diaz viii PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE …………………………………………………………………….. ii APPROVAL PAGE ……………………………………………………………… iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ………………………………………………………..... iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH…… v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ……………………………………………… vi MOTTO PAGE ………………………………………………………………….. vii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ….……………………………………………………. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS …….…………………………………………………… ix ABSTRACT ….…………………………………………………………………….. x ABSTRAK ………………………………………………………………………… xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ………………………………………………… 1 A. Background of the Study ….……………………………………………. 1 B. Problem Formulation ….……………………………………………….. 4 C. Objective of the Study ….………………………………………………. 5 D. Definition of Terms ……………………………………………………... 5 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ……………………………………… 7 A. Review of Related Studies………………………………………………….. 7 B. Review of Related Theories………………………………………………… 8 1. Theory of Characters…….…………………………………………….. 8 2. Theory of characterization…………………………………...……….. 10 3. Theory of Setting………………………………………………………. 12 4. Theory of Discrimination……………………………………………… 13 C. Review of Socio cultural - Historical Background in India……………….. 14 D. Theoretical Framework…………………………………………………….. 16 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY………………………………………………….. 18 A. Object of the Study………………………………………………………… 18 B. Approach of the Study……………………………………………………… 19 C. Method of the Study………………………………………………………… 20 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS……………………………………………………………. 21 A. Character of Bhima…………………………………………………………... 21 B. Setting in the Novel…………………………………………………………. 31 1. Seting of Time …………………………………………………………… 31 2. Setting of Place………………………………………………………….. 32 3. Setting of Society………………………………………………………… 36 C. Class Discrimination in Bhima’s Life ……………………………………….. 39 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION…………………………………………………………. 44 BIBLIOGRAPHY……………………………………………………………………….. 46 ix PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRACT Diaz, Angelin Elizabet Buiswarin. Bhima’s Struggle against Class Discrimination in Thrity Umrigar’s The Space between Us. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2016. The Space between Us by Thrity Umrigar potrays class discrimination in India. Umrigar is a journalist and creative writing teacher. This is her second novel, set in modern India. In India the class discrimination became a common issue. There was a separation between the upper-middle class and the lower class. The injustice treatment done unto the lower class by those above them. The novel tells about the relationship between servant and her mistress. They have the parallel experiences that connect them, but there is “the space between them”. By the injustice treatment by the higher class, Bhima, the main character struggle for her life and her family to get a better life. In order to reveal the class discrimination, the thesis is concerned in three problems. The first problem is aimed Bhima’s character. The second problem is aimed to the setting and society in Bhima’s life. The last problem is aimed to reveal the class discrimination in India through the characters and setting in the novel. The researcher of the Undergraduate thesis conducts library research to answer those three problem formulation. In this study, the researcher uses socio- cultural historical approach to analyze the novel. The review of historical background in India used to understand the social circumstances in India from the past life and modern era. The result of the analysis shows the class discrimination still exists in India modern era. The setting of society shows the difference class between high class, middle class and low class. Bhima as a low class often get bad treatment by her society. She works in a Parsi’s house. Her mistress, Sera, always treats Bhima well but in some cases she also discriminate Bhima. The characteristics of Bhima make her struggle against the class discrimination. The big case that afflicts Bhima about Maya makes them leaves Dubash family house and try to get a better life together. Keywords: Class, Discrimination x PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI ABSTRAK Diaz, Angelin Elizabet Buiswarin. Bhima’s Struggle against Class Discrimination in Thrity Umrigar’s The Space between Us. Yogyakarta: Program Studi Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Sanata Dharma, 2016. The Space between Us karya Thrity Umrigar adalah kisah yang menggambarkan tentang diskriminasi kelas yang terjadi di India. Umrigar adalah seorang jurnalis dan pengajar menulis kreatif. Novel tersebut adalah karya kedua yang ditulis olehnya, berlatar di era modern India. Di India diskriminasi kelas merupakan persoalan umum. Terdapat jarak di antara kelas atas-menengah dengan kelas bawah. Perlakuan tidak adil terjadi pada kelas bawah yag dilakukan oleh kelas di atasnya. Novel tersebut bercerita tentang sebuah hubungan antara asisten rumah tangga dengan majikannya. Mereka memiliki kesamaan pengalaman- pengalaman yang mengaitkan mereka, tetapi tetap ada “jarak di antara mereka”. olhe perlakuan yang tidak adil yag dilakukan kelas yang lebih tinggi, Bhima, karakter utama berjuang untuk kehidupannya dan keluarganya untuk mendapatkan kehidupan yang lebih baik. Untuk mengungkap diskriminasi kelas, skripsi ini memfokuskan pada tiga permasalahan. Permasalahan yang pertama bertujuan untuk melihat karakter Bhima. Permasalahan yang kedua bertujuan untuk melihat latar dan lingkungan di kehidupan Bhima. Permasalahn yang terakhir bertujuan untuk mengunkap diskriminasi kelas di India melalui karakter dan latar pada novel. Peneliti melakukan penelitian kepustakaan untuk menjawab tiga rumusan masalah. Pada studi ini, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan sosio-kultural historkal untuk menganalisa novel. Ulasan tentang latar belakang sejarah di India digunakan untuk memahami keadaan sosial di India dari masa lampau hingga modern. Hasil dari analisis menunjukkan bahwa diskriminasi kelas masih terjadi di India pada masa modern ini. Latar lingkungan menunjukkan perbedaan kelas antara kelas atas, kelas menengah, dan kelas bawah. Bhima sebagai seorang pada kelas bawah sering mendapatkan perlakuan buruk dari lingkungannya. Dia bekerja pada keluarga Parsi. Majikannya, Sera selalu meperlakukan Bhima dengan baik tetapi pada beberapa hal dia juga mendiskriminasi Bhima. Karakteristik Bhima membuatnya berjuang melawan diskriminasi kelas. Masalah besar yang menimpa Bhima dan Maya membuat mereka meninggakan rumah keluarga Dubash dan mencoba untuk mencari kebahagian mereka bersama. Kata kunci: kelas, diskriminasi xi PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study People are born equal, they cannot choose to belong to a certain caste. It means that all people should treat others and be treated equally. Unfortunately, discrimination is still found in social life. Harris in Cultural Anthropology states