College of Optical Sciences The booklet of the College of Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson (2014) Edited by Masud Mansuripur Cover Photo (Courtesy of Chris Summitt): The Optical Sciences Building The west wing of the Optical Sciences building is one of the most striking and beautiful on campus. The west wing has received many architechtural awards, and it is not uncommon to see architechture students in the courtyard sketching the building, or modern dance students during an in-class recital on the grassy knoll just outside the building. Inside and out, the west wing of the college is a wonderful and comforting place to work and study. Beautiful glass sculptures can be found outside and inside the building. The Optical Sciences building is also home to the Museum of Optics, containing a collection of optical instruments such as antique and histroic telescopes, microscopes, lenses, and cameras dating from the 18th century to the present. Desert Flower, a glass sculpture in the lobby of the West Wing of the College of Optical Sciences, by Christopher Ries, 2006. (Donated by SCHOTT North America, Inc.) Photo Courtesy of Chris Summitt TheCollegeofOpticalSciences2014Booklet ǡDeanThomasL.Koch ................. 1 ǡDr.JohnKoshel(AssociateDeanforAcademicAffairs) ............ 2 1. Exploring Fluid Dynamics at Absolute Zero, Brian P. Anderson ....................................... 6 2. Optics for More Efficient Solar Photovoltaic Generation, Roger Angel ............................. 11 Steward Observatory Mirror Laboratory ............................................................................. 16 3. Computational Imaging, Amit Ashok ................................................................................... 19 4. The Universe of Semiconductor Optics, Rolf Binder .......................................................... 24 The Early Days of 4D Technology, John Hayes .................................................................. 33 5. Holographic 3D Display, Pierre-Alexandre Blanche .......................................................... 36 Optical Data Associates, Michael Jacobson .......................................................................... 46 6. Astronomical Optics, James Burge...................................................................................... 48 AdValue Photonics, Shibin Jiang ....................................................................................... 58 7. Polarization in Optical Design, Russell A. Chipman ........................................................... 59 Thin Film Center, Angus Mcleod ...................................................................................... 70 8. What Optics is Revealing About Art, Charles M. Falco ..................................................... 72 9. Molecular Imaging, Lars R. Furenlid .................................................................................. 78 NP Photonics, Inc., Nasser Peyghambarian ........................................................................ 83 10. The Search for Exoplanets, Olivier Guyon ........................................................................ 86 11. The Spin and the Twist: Control and Chaos in the Quantum World, Poul Jessen ............ 92 12. The Femtosecond Frequency Comb: From Seconds to Attoseconds, R. Jason Jones ...... 101 Micro/Nanofabrication Facility, Mahmoud Fallahi .............................................................. 110 13. Producing Special Colors with Lasers, Yushi Kaneda ....................................................... 113 14. Compact Femtosecond Fiber Lasers and Applications, Khanh Kieu ................................ 118 Kphotonics, LLC, Khanh Kieu ......................................................................................... 126 15. Optical Filamentation, Miroslav Kolesik, Jerome V. Moloney, and Ewan M. Wright ....... 128 16. Image Science, Matthew A. Kupinski ................................................................................ 135 17. Mechanical Properties of Light, Masud Mansuripur ......................................................... 141 MM Research, Inc., Masud Mansuripur.............................................................................. 146 18. Computer Assisted Optical Design, Kenneth E. Moore .................................................... 148 Zemax, LLC, Kenneth E. Moore ....................................................................................... 153 19. Organic Photonics: Performance Meets Practicality, Robert A. Norwood ........................ 155 20. Fluorescence Microscopy in Biomedicine, Leilei Peng .................................................... 160 21. The Art of Lens Design, José Sasián ................................................................................. 167 22. Space Missions and the Optical Sciences Center, Peter H. Smith ..................................... 172 Breault Research Organization, Robert Breault ................................................................... 179 23. Thin Film Interference, James C. Wyant ........................................................................... 182 WYKO Corporation, James C. Wyant ................................................................................ 187 A Student’s Experience at the College of Optical Sciences, Kali Wilson .................................. 190 Brief Introduction to the College of Optical Sciences Welcome to the College of Optical Sciences at the University of Arizona. As we celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of the college in 1964, it is rewarding to reflect on the growth and tremendous impact the college has had on education and research in the field of Optics. On behalf of the faculty and staff of the college, I am thrilled that we can bring so many opportunities to students as they enter such a dynamic and exciting field. From its inception as the Optical Sciences Center our focus was on graduate education, and the college has now produced nearly 700 Ph.D. and 1200 M.S. students. Some 20 years ago we expanded our mission to include undergraduates and have produced nearly 500 B.S. professionals to date. Together, these represent a significant fraction of today’s world-wide professional talent in this field. Our students benefit from an unparalleled breadth of courses now numbering over 100, and many have enjoyed unusual opportunities to gain experience in real, deployed optical systems. In our engineering areas, many of our faculty have substantial industry experience, and are able to effectively convey the essential tradeoffs and integration of design, materials, and fabrication. In the fundamental science areas, we pursue high-risk, provocative new ideas, and we are proud to count three Nobel prize winners among our faculty. Many of our faculty have been recognized in the National Academies and professional societies both with awards for their accomplishments and in leadership roles. From the very beginning, by attracting the nation’s top talent in optics to our faculty, the initial focus on optical design and engineering quickly blossomed to include exceptional research programs in the most fundamental of optical physics, image science, and the rapidly growing technologies of photonics and fiber optics. Today our students and faculty are making research advances that enable breakthroughs in science, ranging from astronomy and exo-planet research to quantum information and control. Their research programs and collaborations are improving the world around us every day, enabling exciting and often lucrative new applications of optics and photonics in fields ranging from medicine to optical communications, and from critical defense technologies to entertainment. This booklet provides a glimpse into the College of Optical Sciences research programs for our prospective students. Here you will learn about the science and technology that is the focus of attention of many of our faculty members. You will also see many pictures of the U.A. campus, our buildings and laboratories, our faculty and students at work, and also the beautiful scenes in and around Tucson where our students, faculty, and staff live and work. Thomas L. Koch, Dean College of Optical Sciences Our Academic Program John Koshel, Associate Dean for Academic Affairs When the Optical Sciences Center was formed in 1964, its mission statement included the directive to “provide an internationally preeminent program in education,” which has been steadfastly maintained as the Center evolved into the College of Optical Sciences. The college boasts one of the best educational programs in the field and, being the largest, teaches more students in various disciplines of Optics than any other institution in the United States. As the College approaches its 50th anniversary in 2014, more than 2200 degrees in Optical Sciences & Engineering have been awarded at all levels. Initially the program conferred only Master’s and Doctoral degrees. However, over the years the program has evolved and grown in response to changing national and international needs. Our College provides a comprehensive education in the burgeoning field of Optics, such that our graduates are in great demand and are employed at the international level by governments and laboratories, by businesses, and by universities in the United States and abroad. Our Optics academic program is comprised of a world-class faculty, an international student body, an undergraduate Optical Sciences & Engineering degree