State of Texas CDBG Mitigation (CDBG-MIT) Action Plan: Building Stronger for a Resilient Future Amendment: Texas General Land Office George P. Bush, Commissioner Published: November 22, 2019 Public Comment Period: November 22, 2019 - January 6, 2020 HUD Approved: Further Additional Supplemental Appropriations for Disaster Relief Requirements Act, 2018 84 FR 45838 (August 30, 2019) TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 Executive Summary – Total Allocation Budget .................................................................. 4 2 Mitigation Needs Assessment – State of Texas ....................................................................... 5 Cumulative Impacts of Disasters ......................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 The 2015 Floods ....................................................................................................... 5 2.1.2 The 2016 Floods ....................................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Hurricane Harvey .................................................................................................... 13 2.1.4 2018 & 2019 Floods and Tropical Storm ............................................................... 19 CDBG Mitigation............................................................................................................... 20 Resiliency Solutions and Mitigation Priorities .................................................................. 23 Demographic Profile of Impacted Counties ...................................................................... 24 Low- and Moderate-Income Analysis ............................................................................... 27 State Risks and Hazards Assessment ................................................................................. 28 2.6.1 State of Texas Hazard Mitigation Plan 2018 .......................................................... 29 2.6.2 FEMA Community Lifelines .................................................................................. 30 2.6.3 Hurricanes, Tropical Storms, and Depressions ....................................................... 32 2.6.4 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Hurricanes, Tropical Storms, and Depressions 37 2.6.5 Severe Coastal and Riverine Flooding .................................................................... 54 2.6.6 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Severe Coastal and Riverine Flooding ............ 56 2.6.7 Drought ................................................................................................................... 67 2.6.8 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Drought ........................................................... 69 2.6.9 Hailstorms ............................................................................................................... 76 2.6.10 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Hailstorms ....................................................... 77 2.6.11 Tornadoes ................................................................................................................ 83 2.6.12 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Tornadoes ........................................................ 84 2.6.13 Severe Winds .......................................................................................................... 93 2.6.14 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Severe Winds .................................................. 94 2.6.15 Wildfire ................................................................................................................. 101 State of Texas CDBG-MIT Action Plan i 2.6.16 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Wildfire ......................................................... 102 2.6.17 Winter Weather ..................................................................................................... 111 2.6.18 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Winter Weather ............................................. 111 2.6.19 Lightning ............................................................................................................... 119 2.6.20 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Lightning ....................................................... 121 2.6.21 Extreme Cold ........................................................................................................ 126 2.6.22 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Extreme Cold ................................................ 127 2.6.23 Extreme Heat ........................................................................................................ 132 2.6.24 FEMA’s Community Lifelines for Extreme Heat ................................................ 132 2.6.25 Additional Natural Hazards .................................................................................. 139 Hazards by County ........................................................................................................... 143 2.7.1 Composite Disaster Index Overview .................................................................... 143 2.7.2 CDI Methodology ................................................................................................. 143 2.7.3 Hazard Categories ................................................................................................. 144 2.7.4 Composite Disaster Index Result .......................................................................... 152 Social Vulnerability Index ............................................................................................... 154 Per Capita Market Value .................................................................................................. 156 Review of State Reports, Studies, and Legislation .......................................................... 158 2.10.1 The Texas Coastal Resiliency Master Plan ........................................................... 158 2.10.2 Governor’s Commission to Rebuild Texas ........................................................... 161 2.10.3 Texas at Risk Report ............................................................................................. 161 2.10.4 86th Texas Legislature .......................................................................................... 162 2.10.5 State Studies .......................................................................................................... 171 2.10.6 Additional Hurricane Harvey Studies ................................................................... 174 2.10.7 Other GLO Studies and Initiatives ........................................................................ 176 2.10.8 Federal, State, and Local Coordination & Mitigation Alignment ........................ 178 3 General Requirements ......................................................................................................... 189 Coordination of Mitigation Projects and Leverage .......................................................... 189 Displacement of Persons and/or Entities ......................................................................... 189 Maximum Assistance ....................................................................................................... 190 State of Texas CDBG-MIT Action Plan ii Natural Infrastructure ....................................................................................................... 190 Protection of People and Property ................................................................................... 191 3.5.1 Quality Construction Standards ............................................................................ 191 3.5.2 Housing Contractors Standards............................................................................. 191 Operation and Maintenance Plans ................................................................................... 192 Cost Verification .............................................................................................................. 192 Elevation Standards ......................................................................................................... 192 Appeals Processes ............................................................................................................ 193 Dam and Levee Requirements ......................................................................................... 194 Program Income ............................................................................................................... 194 Monitoring Standards....................................................................................................... 194 Broadband Infrastructure ................................................................................................. 195 Section 3 Compliance ...................................................................................................... 195 4 State Administered Mitigation Program .............................................................................. 196 Action Plan....................................................................................................................... 196 Connection to Mitigation Needs Assessment .................................................................. 196 Program Budget ............................................................................................................... 201 GLO Use of Funds ..........................................................................................................