Heart Rate Variability

Jason Moore
Elite HRV

Start with the big picture.

With the big picture in mind, drill into the details.

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The Bigger Picture of Human Health

• Your body and mind (and symbiotic organisms) versus the

• The world is stressful

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Digestive

Structural

Mental

STRESS

Physical
Social
Emotional

*Not an exhaustive list

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The Bigger Picture of Human Health

• Adaptive biological organisms

• Health issues occur when:

• Acute stress exceeds chronic adaptation • or • A strong/chronic mismatch between our genes and our environment

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Why Heart Rate Variability (HRV)?

HRV can non-invasively measure the body’s response to

stress, and with enough data, its capacity to tolerate stress.

• Systemic, big picture metric

• Was expensive, now cheap and accessible

• Short, frequent measurements open new doors

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HRV 101

• Temporal variation in heart beats

• Requires high degree of accuracy

• Many algorithms/calculations

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HRV 101 – Autonomic Nervous System

Sympathetic

Nervous System (SNS)

Parasympathetic

Nervous System (PSNS)

● Controls stimulation of

“fight-or-flight” stress

response
● Controls stimulation of

“rest-and-digest” activities

essential for recovery
● Needed for long term survival

● Needed for short term

survival
● Associated with stress

HRV In The Research

• Decades of research

• 20,000+ studies in PubMed

• Increasing rapidly

• Still a lot to learn

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In 778 athletes, HRV indices of ANS activity show strong correlation with selection for

Olympic games for the Italian team

Can the use of a single integrated unitary autonomic index provide early clues for eventual eligibility for olympic games?

Daniela Lucini, Roberto Sala, Antonio Spataro, Mara Malacarne, Manuela Benzi, Stefano Tamorri, Massimo Pagani

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00421-018-3822-2

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HRV indexes worry in

individuals spanning the nonclinical to clinical spectrum.

Worry is associated with robust reductions in heart rate variability: a transdiagnostic study of anxiety psychopathology

John A. Chalmers, James A. J. Heathers, Maree J. Abbott, Andrew H. Kemp and Daniel S. Quintana

https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40359-016-0138-z

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HRV provides insights into emotional and behavioral regulation impairments observed in ADHD and may aid in delineating ADHD pathophysiology

Heart rate variability is associated with psychosocial stress in distinct social domains Kristi R.Griffiths, Daniel S.Quintana, Daniel F.Hermens, Chris Spoonerd, Tracey W.Tsang, Simon Clark, Michael R.Kohnaef

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301051117300042

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HRV decreases with age

Twenty-four hour time domain heart rate variability and heart rate: relations to age and gender over nine decades Umetani K, Singer DH, McCraty R, Atkinson M.

Palo Alto Longevity Prize

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9502641

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Individuals with high HRV experience less psychosocial stress than individuals with low

Heart rate variability is associated with psychosocial stress in distinct social domains

Lischke A1, Jacksteit R2, Mau-Moeller A2, Pahnke R3, Hamm AO4, Weippert

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Females typically have higher HRV

Short-Term Heart Rate Variability—Influence of Gender and Age in Healthy Subjects Voss A, Schroeder R, Heitmann A, Peters A, Perz S.

http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0118308

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Reduced heart rate variability (HRV), a marker of poor cardiac autonomic function, has been associated with air pollution, especially fine particulate matter.

Effects of Air Pollution on Heart Rate Variability: The VA Normative Aging Study. Park, Sung Kyun, Marie S. O’Neill, Pantel S. Vokonas, David Sparrow, and Joel Schwartz

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1253756/ and http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/101/11/1267.full

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Inflammation as measured by C-reactive protein strongly associated with decreased HRV

Decreased heart rate variability is associated with higher levels of inflammation in middle-aged men Lampert, R., Bremner, J. D., Su, S., Miller, A., Lee, F., Cheema, F

http://www.ahjonline.com/article/S0002-8703(08)00620-0/fulltext

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Trends in both absolute HRV values and day-to-day

variations may be useful measurements indicative of the

progression towards mal-adaptation or non-functional

over-reaching.

Heart Rate Variability in Elite Triathletes, Is Variation in Variability the Key to Effective Training? A Case Comparison.

Plews, Daniel J., Paul B. Laursen, Andrew E. Kilding, and Martin Buchheit

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs00421-012-2354-4

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Athletes exhibit higher HRV than ”active”

people

Effects of age and physical activity on the autonomic control of heart rate in healthy men Melo, R., Santos, M., Silva, E., Quitério, R., Moreno, M., Reis, M

http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2005000900007

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Even the pre-diabetic stage, where individuals have impaired glucose

tolerance, is associated with lower HRV and decreased Parasympathetic activity. It is believed that Parasympathetic modulation may decline with

an autonomic imbalance during the progression “from normal glucose tolerance to impaired glucose tolerance and finally diabetes”.

Epidemiological Evidence of Altered Cardiac Autonomic Function in Subjects with Impaired Glucose Tolerance But Not Isolated Impaired Fasting Glucose. 2007.

Wu, Jin-Shang, Yi-Ching Yang, Thy-Sheng Lin, Ying-Hsiang Huang, Jia-Jin Chen, Feng-Hwa Lu, Chih-Hsing Wu, and Chih-Jen Chang

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HRV indices are considerably lower for cancer patients than the

general population.

Heart Rate Variability and Length of Survival in Hospice Cancer Patients. Kim, D. H., Kim, J. A., Choi, Y. S., Kim, S. H., Lee, J. Y., & Kim, Y. E.

https://www.jkms.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.3346/jkms.2010.25.8.1140& code=0063JKMS&vmode=FULL

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Patients with HRV (SDNN) values above 100 showed a significantly higher survival rate. Survival rates declined as the Heart Rate Variability SDNN value decreased.

Decreased Heart Rate Variability and Its Association with Increased Mortality after Acute Myocardial Infarction

Kleiger, Robert E., J. Philip Miller, J. Thomas Bigger, and Arthur J. Moss, and the Multicenter Post-Infarction Research Group

http://www.ajconline.org/article/0002-9149(87)90795-8/pdf

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In osteopathic manual therapy, (as measured by HRV) a greater

parasympathetic response was found when stimulation was

performed in the cervical and lumbar regions, whereas a greater

sympathetic response was found when stimulation was

performed in the thoracic region.

Effects of spinal manipulation and myofascial techniques on heart rate variability: A systematic review

Amoroso Borges BL1, Bortolazzo GL1, Neto HP2

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Ongoing Research on Elite HRV

University of Rochester Medical Center University of Sydney

Aeronautical University (ERAU)

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Ongoing Research on Elite HRV

health
• HIIT training, sprints, and

• Emotional expression and mood • Conciousness and EEG

day trading

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Heart Rate Variability

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