Uniwersytet Warszawski Julia Madajczak Nahuatl kinship terminology as reflected in colonial written sources from Central Mexico: a system of classification Rozprawa doktorska pisana pod kierunkiem dr hab. Ryszarda Tomickiego, prof. IAE PAN J é L R j dr Justyny Olko Warszawa 2014 1 Contents METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................................................... 8 1. STATE OF RESEARCH ................................................................................................................................ 8 2. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ................................................................................................................... 13 3. SOURCES AND METHODS ....................................................................................................................... 18 FAMILY AND GENDER AMONG THE NAHUAS ................................................................................................. 35 1. THE PRECONTACT PERIOD ..................................................................................................................... 35 1.1. THE NAHUA KINSHIP ................................................................................................................................. 35 1.1.1. Gender and ideological basis of kinship.................................................................................... 35 1.1.2. Classification of the Nahua kinship system .............................................................................. 41 1.2. THE NAHUA HOUSEHOLD ........................................................................................................................... 44 2. CHANGES IN THE COLONIAL PERIOD ...................................................................................................... 47 CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF NAHUA KINSHIP TERMS ...................................................................................... 49 1. CHILDREN AND PARENTS: FIRST ASCENDING AND DESCENDING GENERATIONS, LINEAR CONSANGUINEALS ......................................................................................................................................... 50 1.1. -PIL ............................................................................................................................................................. 50 1.1.1. Noblemen ........................................................................................................................................... 51 1.1.2. Hierarchy among children ................................................................................................................ 56 1.1.3. One of us ............................................................................................................................................ 66 1.1.4. Subjects .............................................................................................................................................. 73 1.1.5. Vocative forms ................................................................................................................................... 81 1.1.6. Lords .................................................................................................................................................. 90 1.1.7. Compound terms based on -pil .......................................................................................................... 93 1.2. -CONEUH .................................................................................................................................................... 96 1.2.1. -coneuh in polite speech .......................................................................................................... 100 2 1.3. TERMS INDICATING GENDER AND RELATIVE AGE .................................................................................... 102 1.3.1. -ichpoch ........................................................................................................................................... 103 1.3.2. -telpoch ............................................................................................................................................. 108 1.3.3. -xocoyouh ......................................................................................................................................... 111 1.3.4. -yacapan ........................................................................................................................................... 114 1.3.5. -tlacoyehua ....................................................................................................................................... 116 1.4. -TA ............................................................................................................................................................ 117 1.4.1. Advisers ............................................................................................................................................ 117 1.4.2. Town elders ...................................................................................................................................... 125 1.4.3. Teta and tota in religious contexts .................................................................................................. 127 1.4.4. Other relations with “fathers” ........................................................................................................ 132 1.4.5. -ta vocatives ...................................................................................................................................... 140 1.5. -NAN ......................................................................................................................................................... 142 1.5.1. Tenan and tonan in religious context ............................................................................................. 147 1.5.2. Mother as matrix ............................................................................................................................. 151 1.5.3. More relations with “mother” in the Christian context ................................................................. 155 1.6. IN -NAN IN -TA .......................................................................................................................................... 159 1.7. -TECHIUHCAUH ........................................................................................................................................ 170 1.8. TERMS RESULTING FROM CULTURAL CONTACT....................................................................................... 176 1.8.1. The modifier teoyotica ..................................................................................................................... 176 1.8.2. Loanwords ....................................................................................................................................... 181 2. GRANDCHILDREN AND GRANDPARENTS .............................................................................................. 184 2.1. -IXHUIUH .................................................................................................................................................. 184 2.1.1. Minor noblemen .............................................................................................................................. 189 2.1.2. O supreme lord! ............................................................................................................................... 197 3 2.2. -COL .......................................................................................................................................................... 201 2.3. -CI ............................................................................................................................................................. 208 3. NIBLINGS, UNCLES AND AUNTS: FIRST ASCENDING AND DESCENDING GENERATIONS, COLATERAL CONSANGUINEALS ....................................................................................................................................... 213 3.1. -PIL(L)O ..................................................................................................................................................... 213 3.2. -MACH ...................................................................................................................................................... 224 3.3. -TLA .......................................................................................................................................................... 228 3.4. -AHUI ........................................................................................................................................................ 233 3.5. LOANWORDS ............................................................................................................................................ 235 4. SIBLINGS AND COUSINS ............................................................................................................................ 237 4.1. -IUC .......................................................................................................................................................... 237 4.2. -ICCAUH AND -TEICCAUH ......................................................................................................................... 238 4.3. -ACH ........................................................................................................................................................
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