The Roaring Twenties and Great Depreewlon Welcome to the Jazz Age Date: Welcome to the Jazz Age Jazz is a uniquely American style of music that evolved from spirituals, blues, and rag- time. Jazz first burst forth in the early 1900s in New Orleans. At first jazz featured enthusiasm, volume, and improvisation rather thai finesse. Early jazz was performed mainly by small marching bands or solo pianists and became popular at weddings, picnics, parades, and funerals. Although jazz developed among Black musicians, no sound recordings remain of the earliest jazz groups. The first fazz recording in 1917 was by an all-White group who called themselves the Original Dixieland Jazz Band. Eventually New Orleans style jazz as played by Whites came to be called Dixieland Jazz. Jazz in the 1920s involved great experimentation and discovery. For the first time, bands began featuring soloists on trumpet, saxophone, and piano. Mamie Smith had a sudden hit in 1920 with her recording of "Crazy Blues." One of the greatest jazz singers of the twenties was Bessie Smith. Many New Orleans jazz musicians, including Louis Armstrong and Jelly Roil Morton, became fa- mous by performing In Chicago nightclubs. Eventu- ally a Chicago style of jazz evolved, derived from the New Orleans style, but with more emphasis on soloists and often featuring saxophones, pianos, and vocalists. Chicago jazz had tenser rhythms and more complicated textures. Throughout the 1920s and into the 1930s, jazz continued to be a very popular form of music. IKA -J of- ore -rzw\ffus vxr ? J 3 so The Roaring Twenties and Great Depression Automobfee Change America Name: Date: Automobilein. .**#&3i- s Chang"s&tte America Mass production of automobiles affected both society and the economy. As more people bought cars, more jobs were created in the auto industry, and wages rose. The demand for cars also created more jobs in industries that made steel, glass, rubber, petroleum, and other prod- ucts used to build cars. In a widely reported interview of the time, a farm wife was asked why her family owned a car but not a bathtub. "You can't go to town in a bathtub," she replied. As more people drove cars, the roads became very crowded. People demanded a better road system and belter roads. In 1909, the United States had only 750 miles of paved roads. By 1930, that number had risen to more than 100,000 miles. Road construction provided jobs for crews and suppliers of materials. As more roads were built, people traveled more. Along the new roads, businesses like gas stations, diners, hot dog stands, and tourist cabins grew to meet the demand of travelers, Car dealers and used car lots were seen for the first time. The first modern gas stations opened in 1913. By 1929, the country had 121,500—an average of more than one per mile of paved road! Not only did automobile companies make cars, they also built millions of taxis, buses, and trucks. Between 1904 and 1929, the number of trucks registered Jn the United States rose from 700 to 3.4 million. 1. List three types of businesses today that wouldn't exist if people didn't have cars. 2, What businesses might have been affected when trucks and buses replaced stagecoaches and horse-drawn wagons? 3. Draw a cartoon about what the farm wife above might have said about any other aspect of owning a car in the 1920s. © Mark Twain Madia, Inc., Publishers 10.