Discrete Mathematics - Review Name_____________________________________________________ Chapter 1 - Voting Methods MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question. For an election with four candidates (A, B, C, and D) we have the following preference schedule: 1) How many first-place votes are needed for a majority in this election? 1) _______ A) 43 B) 22 C) 20 D) 15 Solve the problem. 2) Consider an election with 456 voters and seven candidates. What is the smallest number of votes 2) _______ that a plurality candidate could have? A) 229 B) 228 C) 65 D) 66 3) An election is held among six candidates. What is the total number of pairwise comparisons in 3) _______ this election? × A) B) 6 C) D) 2 6 E) 4) "If choice X is a winner of an election and, in a reelection, the only changes in the ballots are 4) _______ changes that only favor X, then X should remain a winner of the election." This fairness criterion is called the A) monotonicity criterion. B) majority criterion. C) independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion. D) Condorcet criterion. 5) "If there is a choice that has a majority of the first-place votes in an election, then that choice 5) _______ should be the winner of the election." This fairness criterion is called the A) independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion. B) Condorcet criterion. C) monotonicity criterion. D) majority criterion. 6) "If there is a choice that in a head-to-head comparison is preferred by the voters over every other 6) _______ choice, then that choice should be the winner of the election." This fairness criterion is called the A) independence of irrelevant alternatives criterion. B) majority criterion. C) Condorcet criterion. D) mononocity criterion. 7) "If choice X is a winner of an election and one (or more) of the other choices is removed and the 7) _______ ballots recounted, then X should still be a winner of the election." This fairness criterion is called the A) independance of irrelevant alternatives criterion. B) monotonicity criterion. C) Condorcet criterion. D) majority criterion. For an election with four candidates (A, B, C, and D) we have the following preference schedule: 8) Using the plurality method, which candidate wins the election? 8) _______ A) A B) B C) C D) D 9) Using the Borda count method, which candidate wins the election? 9) _______ A) A B) B C) C D) D 10) Using the plurality-with-elimination method, which candidate wins the election? 10) ______ A) A B) B C) C D) D 11) Using the method of pairwise comparisons, which candidate wins the election? 11) ______ A) A B) B C) C D) D 12) The ranking of the candidates using the extended Borda count method is 12) ______ A) first: B; second: C; third: D; fourth: A. B) first: C; second: A; third: D; fourth: B. C) first: B; second: A; third: C; fourth: D. D) first: B; second: C; third: A; fourth: D. 13) Using the recursive plurality ranking method, which candidate comes in last? 13) ______ A) A B) B C) C D) D Solve the problem. 14) An election is held among six candidates (A, B, C, D, E, and F). Using the method of pairwise 14) ______ comparisons, A gets 5 points; B gets 4 points; C gets 2 points; D gets points, and E gets 0 points. How many points does F get? A) B) 3 C) D) 2 15) An election involving 5 candidates and 30 voters is held, and the results of the election are 15) ______ determined using the Borda count method. The maximum number of points a candidate can receive is A) 90 points. B) 50 points C) 3 0 points D) 150 points. .