Table of Contents Canonsburg, Disposal Site .................................................................................................................... 2 Energy Technology Engineering Center ............................................................................................ 7 Fernald Preserve .................................................................................................................................... 14 Formerly Utilized Sites Remedial Action Program (FUSRAP), Missouri Sites ...................... 22 Hanford Site ............................................................................................................................................ 34 Idaho National Laboratory Site ......................................................................................................... 43 Los Alamos National Laboratory ...................................................................................................... 50 Maxey Flats, Disposal Site ................................................................................................................... 64 Mound Site ............................................................................................................................................... 71 Nevada National Security Site ............................................................................................................ 78 Oak Ridge Reservation ......................................................................................................................... 89 Rocky Flats Site ...................................................................................................................................... 94 Savannah River Site ............................................................................................................................. 102 Weldon Spring Site .............................................................................................................................. 108 West Valley Demonstration Project ............................................................................................... 120 This document contains 15 site survey responses included in the 2017 edition of the “Closure for the Seventh Generation” report. Staff at DOE field offices provided the initial responses to the survey questions, and staff from states and Native American tribes reviewed and provided additional information and revisions. Most survey responses were completed and reviewed between October 2016 and February 2017. Visit www.ncsl.org/STGWG-LTS or contact NCSL staff at [email protected] for the complete 2017 edition and additional resources. Closure for the Seventh Generation | 2017 Edition – Site Survey Responses 1 Canonsburg, Disposal Site I. Site Background and Remediation Description a. Provide a brief description of the site. Include the site’s name, location, owners (both current and future), approximate size, proximity to populated areas, and general topography features. The Canonsburg Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act (UMTRCA), Pennsylvania, Site is owned by the U.S. Government. The remediated area is owned by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The site is approximately 37 acres in area and located in a populated area, bordered by a stream and railroad tracks in a slight valley. The site is in western Pennsylvania, approximately 20 miles southwest of Pittsburgh. b. Provide a list of the American Indian Tribe(s) in current proximity to the site. How are the tribes impacted by past and current site operations? There are no federally recognized Indian tribes in Pennsylvania today. c. Describe the general contamination associated with the site. Include the types of contamination present, types of media that have been impacted, and the types and quantity of waste both before and after remedial actions were taken. Also, describe any ongoing remedial actions (i.e., groundwater pump and treat, etc.) associated with the site. Please be concise and specific in your description including which remedial actions were taken since 1999 to the present and those planned for the future if any. Between 1911 and 1957, the site first processed uranium ore for radium and then reprocessed uranium. The surrounding land is primarily residential and is moderately populated. Contamination occurred in the soils at the mill site and at vicinity properties where the tailings were used for construction purposes. Approximately 150 vicinity properties were impacted. Remedial actions to clean up the vicinity properties and the former mill site were completed in 1986. The compliance strategy for groundwater cleanup at the Canonsburg site is no further remediation in conjunction with the applicable alternate concentration limits (ACLs) for uranium, the only remaining contaminant of concern for this site. The ACL for uranium in groundwater is 1.0 milligram per liter (mg/L), and the ACL for uranium in surface water is 0.01 mg/L. The most recent groundwater sampling results (2013) indicate that groundwater and surface water uranium concentrations remain well below site ACLs, resulting in no adverse impact to the point of exposures in Chartiers Creek. Groundwater uranium concentrations in a few monitoring wells remain above the maximum concentration limit of 0.044 mg/L. d. Describe any additional cleanup accomplishments undertaken or completed since 1999. None. e. Describe the amount of onsite disposal of radioactive and hazardous waste already in place (in volume, curies and types of waste streams). 2 Closure for the Seventh Generation | 2017 Edition – Site Survey Responses The disposal cell contains 266,000 wet tons of tailings (mill tailings and other residues, contaminated soil, and building debris). The amount of radioactivity within the disposal cell is estimated to be 100 curies of radium-226. f. To the extent possible, describe the projected amount of cleanup (in volume, curies and types of waste streams) remaining at the site. Cleanup complete. i. Describe the possible amount and types of materials estimated for future disposal of hazardous and radioactive waste onsite (i.e., contaminated materials such as waste from burial grounds or building demolition debris reburied for onsite disposal after demolition, treatment, etc.). N/A ii. Describe the amount and types of materials estimated to be shipped off-site. What is the proposed or planned pathway(s) for treatment and disposal of the waste stream(s)? N/A iii. Describe the amount and types of materials estimated to remain onsite that will not be excavated and disposed of, once remediation efforts are complete (i.e., historic burial grounds left in place that may or may not be capped; contaminated pipelines left in place). N/A II. Decision Processes a. State the regulatory process(es) (i.e., CERCLA, RCRA, Orders, etc.) used at the site. Public Law (PL) 95-604, the Uranium Mill Tailings Radiation Control Act of 1978 (UMTRCA), in accordance with standards promulgated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Part 192. Subpart B of 40 CFR 192 regulated cleanup of contaminated groundwater at the uranium-ore processing sites. b. How are the tribe(s) and/or the state(s) involved in the decision process? There are no federally recognized Indian tribes in Pennsylvania today. c. Describe the final decision(s) for closure and the justification for not obtaining clean closure including unrestricted use and unlimited exposure. The radioactive materials were encapsulated in a U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) – approved disposal cell. The NRC general license for UMTRCA Title I sites is established in 10 CFR 40.27. The Canonsburg disposal site was included under the general license in 1996. The groundwater compliance strategy for the Canonsburg site is “no remediation” and the application of an alternate concentration limit for uranium. The strategy includes groundwater monitoring and institutional controls. Results of groundwater modeling predict that concentrations of uranium in Closure for the Seventh Generation | 2017 Edition – Site Survey Responses 3 groundwater will decrease over time and will be below the standard within the 100-year time frame allowed in 40 CFR 192. The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Legacy Management (LM) manages the site according to a Long-Term Surveillance and Maintenance Plan, which was reviewed and concurred with by NRC. LM conducts annual inspections, performs site maintenance, and monitors creek water and groundwater. III. Legacy Waste and Onsite Disposal Please answer the questions below for legacy waste areas at the site even if the site is operational or in active cleanup status. a. What was the final land use chosen? Are there restrictions on other uses? How long are these restrictions necessary? What process was used to select the land use? Final land use of the site is the disposal cell with a buffer zone. The site will be owned by the U.S. Government in perpetuity. In accordance with 40 CFR 192.32, the disposal cell is designed to be effective for 1000 years, to the extent reasonably achievable, and, in any case, for at least 200 years. b. Describe the disposal cells and LTS activities and elements in place for the stewardship and monitoring of disposal areas. The pentagon-shaped disposal cell occupies 6.8 acres in the eastern half of the site. It is a surface impoundment about 28-feet thick at the center. The bottom or “footprint” is about 8 feet below the previous surface