Johan, Joseph, Carlos, Henrique and the Creation of Scholtz & Co. Bill Scholtz Draft 19 February 2017 Table of Contents Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... vi Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 1 Origins ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 5th Great Grandparents ............................................................................................................................. 3 Johan Christoffel Scholtsz and Maria de Jonge (4th Great Grandparents) ................................................ 3 Scholtz & Co. 1.0 ................................................................................................................................... 4 Joseph Möller Ship Captain and Cornelia Engelbronn (4th Great Grandparents) .................................... 5 Frederik Anthon Scholtz and Maria Augusta Möller (3rd Great Grandparents) ........................................ 9 Captain Joseph Scholtz ................................................................................................................................ 12 Bermuda .................................................................................................................................................. 12 Captain Joseph Scholtz ............................................................................................................................ 13 Joseph Owns His Boats ........................................................................................................................... 20 Joseph Moves to New York ..................................................................................................................... 20 Johan Cristafel Scholtz and Family .............................................................................................................. 22 Johan and Scholtz & Co. 2.0 .................................................................................................................... 23 A Little Bit of Trouble in La Guaira .......................................................................................................... 24 More Trouble for Johan .......................................................................................................................... 25 Johan’s Family ......................................................................................................................................... 27 The Lead Up to Scholtz & Co. ...................................................................................................................... 30 Joseph Loses a Ship ................................................................................................................................. 30 Joseph Moves to Steam .......................................................................................................................... 31 El Callao ................................................................................................................................................... 31 Carlos and Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. (Scholtz & Co. 3.0) ............................................................................ 32 Scholtz, Sanchaz & Co. and Politics ......................................................................................................... 35 The end of Scholtz, Sanchez & Co. .......................................................................................................... 36 Joseph Moves Back to Bermuda ............................................................................................................. 39 Henrique ................................................................................................................................................. 40 A New Leader .......................................................................................................................................... 41 Scholtz & Co. ............................................................................................................................................... 42 Scholtz & Marturet (Scholtz & Co. 4.0) ................................................................................................... 42 Scholtz & Co (4.1). ................................................................................................................................... 43 Scholtz & Co. and the US Supreme Court ............................................................................................... 44 Specialization .......................................................................................................................................... 45 Scholtz & Co. Today ................................................................................................................................ 45 ii More Scholtz Families move to New York .............................................................................................. 45 Appendix 1 - Curaçao and Slavery .............................................................................................................. 46 Manumission ........................................................................................................................................... 47 Emancipation .......................................................................................................................................... 48 Appendix 2 - Joseph Scholtz Ships and Ports .............................................................................................. 50 Appendix 3 - Presidents and Politics of Venezuela 1890-1908 ................................................................... 55 The Revolución Legalista ......................................................................................................................... 56 The Venezuelan Crisis of 1895 ................................................................................................................ 56 The Revolución Liberal Restauradora ..................................................................................................... 57 Matos and La Revolución Libertadora .................................................................................................... 57 Dispute with the Dutch ........................................................................................................................... 58 Venezuela Crisis of 1902–1903 ............................................................................................................... 58 The Final Battle ....................................................................................................................................... 58 “El Mocho” released ............................................................................................................................... 59 Juan Vicente Gómez ................................................................................................................................ 59 Appendix 4 - Fred Virtue's Story ................................................................................................................. 61 Appendix 5 – Descendants of Johan Christoffel Scholtsz ( -1819) .............................................................. 67 Second Generation ................................................................................................................................. 67 Third Generation ..................................................................................................................................... 68 Fourth Generation .................................................................................................................................. 71 Fifth Generation ...................................................................................................................................... 81 Sixth Generation ..................................................................................................................................... 90 Seventh Generation ................................................................................................................................ 92 Sources .................................................................................................................................................... 92 Appendix 6 – The Case for Johan Scholtz and Louise Morton .................................................................. 100 Endnotes ................................................................................................................................................... 101 iii Table of Figures Figure 1 - Ancestors of Henrique Scholtz ...................................................................................................... 3 Figure 2 - Notice from the 10 May 1817 De Curaçaosche Courant where Johan announces he is closing his business ................................................................................................................................................... 4 Figure 3 - Joseph Möller's Ports of Call ......................................................................................................... 6 Figure 4 - Joseph's