43 Smith Road, Castlereagh CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT PLAN Prepared for: Penrith Lakes Development Corporation Prepared by: TRUMAN, ZANIOL & ASSOCIATES PTY LTD ABN 81 083 874 079 Architects • Heritage Consultants • Project Managers 63 Hamilton Road, Fairfield NSW 2165 Ph (02) 9723-6722 Fax (02) 9723-6744 E-mail: [email protected] NOMINATED ARCHITECT DONALD TRUMAN, Bsc (Arch), B Arch (Hons) RAIA Reg. No 5277 Draft April 2012 43 Smith Road, Castlereagh Conservation Management Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 1.0 INTRODUCTION …………………………..…………………………………………1 1.1 Preamble ………………………….……………………………..……………..1 1.2 Purpose of this CMP …………………..………………………………………1 1.3 Definition of the Place …………….…………………………………………..1 1.4 Methodology and Structure …………………………………………………….1 1.5 Terminology ……………………..…………………………………………….1 1.6 Documentary and Photographic Sources …………………………………..5 1.7 Limitations ……………………………………………………………………..6 1.8 Author Identification ………………….…………………………………….…6 1.9 Acknowledgements ………………..…………………………………………6 2.0 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ………………………………………………………….7 2.1 Introduction ………………………….…………………………………………..7 2.2 European Exploration and Settlement …….………………………………..7 2.3 Agriculture, Dairying and Mining in the Castlereagh …….………………..9 2.4 Penrith Lakes Development Corporation …………………………………..9 2.5 Kennedy Grant – Portion 42, Parish of Castlereagh 1803 – 1861 ……….10 2.5.1 40 acres Northern Part of Portion 42 (DP74904) 1861 – 2011…..11 2.5.2 40 acres Central Part of Portion 42 (Lot 420 DP 1130185) 1861 – 2011……………………………………………………………12 2.5.3 40 acres Central Part of Portion 42 (Lot 421) 1861 – 2011 ……..13 2.5.4 47 acres Southern Part of Portion 42 (DP 63308) 1861 – 2011 …13 3.0 PHYSICAL EVIDENCE ……………………………………………………………15 3.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………..15 3.2 43 Smith Road and its Setting …………..…………………………………15 3.2.1 The Natural Landscape ………………………………………………15 3.2.2 The Cultural Landscape………………………………………………16 3.2.3 Views ………………………………………………………………….23 3.3 Components of the Site …………………………………………………….25 3.3.1 House ……………………………………………………………….25 3.3.1.1 Survey of Physical Fabric …………………………………………..34 3.3.2 Outbuildings …………………………………………………………37 3.3.2.1 Portable Shed ……………………………………………………….37 3.3.2.2 Shed 1 ………………………………………………………………37 3.3.2.3 Shed 2 ………………………………………………………………..37 3.3.2.4 Dairy ………………………………………………………………….38 3.3.2.5 Miscellaneous ……………………………………………………….39 3.4 Moveable Heritage ………………………………………………………….39 3.5 Archaeology ………………………………………………………………39 4.0 SIGNIFICANCE ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………41 4.1 Integrity of the Place …………………………………………………………41 4.1.1 Setting ………………………………………………………………41 4.1.2 Cultural Landscape ………………………………………………….41 4.1.3 Dwelling ……………………………………………………………..41 Truman, Zaniol & Associates Pty Ltd Draft Report April 2012 i 43 Smith Road, Castlereagh Conservation Management Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 4.1.4 Outbuildings ………………………………………………………….42 4.2 Comparative Analysis ………………………………………………………42 4.2.1 Comparison with Contemporary Mass Concrete Dwellings in Penrith Lakes Scheme Area ……………………………………….42 4.2.2 Comparison with Contemporary Mass Concrete Dwellings Outside Penrith Lakes Scheme Area ……………………………..43 4.3 Outbuildings ………………………………………………………………….43 4.3.1 Portable Shed ………………………………………………………..43 4.3.2 Shed 1 ………………………………………………………………..43 4.3.3 Shed 2 ………………………………………………………………..43 4.3.4 Dairy …………………………………………………………………..44 4.4 Criteria for Significance …………………….……………………………....44 4.4.1 Heritage Assessment Criteria …………………………………….44 4.4.2 NSW Historic Themes ……………………………………………..44 4.4.3 Heritage Assessment Criteria ……………………………………..45 4.5 Archaeological Significance ………………………………………………..47 4.5.1 Summary Statement of Significance ……………………………….47 5.0 STATEMENT OF CULTURAL SIGNIFICANCE ………………………………..48 5.1 Primary Significance ………………………………………………………..48 5.2 Secondary Significance ……………………………………………………48 5.2.1 Historical Significance ………………………………………………48 5.2.2 Social Significance ………………………………………………….48 5.2.3 Aesthetic Significance …………………..…………………………48 5.2.4 Scientific (Technical/Research) Significance ……………………49 5.3 Curtilage ………………………………………………………………………49 5.4 Grades of Significance ……………………………………………………..49 5.4.1 Site Elements ……………………………………………………….50 5.4.2 Dwelling ……………………………………………………………..50 6.0 IDENTIFICATION OF CONSTRAINTS AND OPPORTUNITIES …………….52 6.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………52 6.2 Constraints Arising from the Statement of Significance ………………..52 6.3 Owner’s Requirements ……………………………………………………52 6.4 Statutory Requirements……………………………………………………….53 6.4.1 State Environmental Planning Policy (Major Projects) 2005 …….53 6.4.2 Sydney Regional Environmental Plan 11 - Penrith Lakes Scheme ……………………………………………53 6.4.3 Development Application No. 4 ……………………………………54 6.4.4 New South Wales Heritage Council ………………………………54 6.4.5 Penrith Local Environmental Plan 1991 (Environmental Heritage Conservation) …………………………………………….55 6.4.6 National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 ……………………………..55 6.5 Statutory Requirements and Services Issues ……………………………..56 6.6 Physical Condition ………………….………………………………………56 6.7 Opportunities ……………………….………………………………………….57 7.0 DEVELOPMENT OF CONSERVATION POLICY AND GUIDELINES ………..58 7.1 Introduction ………………………………………………………………….58 7.2 Fabric ………………………………………………………………………..58 Truman, Zaniol & Associates Pty Ltd Draft Report April 2012 ii 43 Smith Road, Castlereagh Conservation Management Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. 7.3 Setting …………………………………………….......................................59 7.3.1 Views ……………………….……………………………………….60 7.3.2 Cultural Landscape ………………………………………………....60 7.4 Use of the Place …………………..………………………………………..61 7.5 Interpretation ……………………….………………………………………..62 7.6 Management ………………………..……………………………………….63 7.6.1 Landscape Management Zones ………………………………….63 7.6.2 Cultural Landscape …………………………………………………63 7.6.3 Indigenous Vegetation ……..………………………………………63 7.6.4 Weed Management ……….………………………………………..63 7.6.5 Fire Management …………………………………………………..64 7.7 Intervention to Significant Fabric ………………………………………….64 7.8 Future Development ………………………………………………………..64 7.8.1 Adaptation of Significant Fabric …………………………………..64 7.8.2 Additions and New Features ………………………………………65 7.8.3 New Development …………………………………………………..65 7.9 Conservation Procedures …………………………………………………..65 7.10 Adoption and Review of Conservation Policy Guidelines ………………..65 8.0 STATEMENT OF CONSERVATION POLICY GUIDELINES ………………….66 8.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………..66 8.2 Fabric ………………………………………………………………………..66 8.2.1 Dwelling ………………………………………………………………67 8.2.2 Maintenance Plan ………………………………………………….68 8.3 Setting ………………………………………………………………………..69 8.4 Use of the Place ……………………………………………………………70 8.5 Interpretation …………………………………………………………………70 8.6 Management ………………………………………………………………….71 8.6.1 Landscape Management Zones …….………………………………71 8.6.2 Cultural Landscape ………………………………………………..72 8.6.3 Indigenous Vegetation …………………………………………….72 8.6.4 Weed Control and Eradication Program ………………………….72 8.6.5 Fire Management …………………………………………………..72 8.7 Intervention to Significant Fabric ……………..……………………………73 8.7.1 Dwelling ………………………………………………………………73 8.8 Future Development …………………………………………………………73 8.8.1 Adaptation of Significant Fabric …………………………………..74 8.8.1.1 Dwelling …………………………………………………………….74 8.8.2 Additions and New Built Features …………………………………75 8.8.2.1 Dwelling ………………………………………………………………75 8.8.3 New Development …………………………………………………..75 8.9 Conservation Procedures ………………….………………………………76 8.10 Adoption and Review of Conservation Policy Guidelines ……………….77 Truman, Zaniol & Associates Pty Ltd Draft Report April 2012 iii 43 Smith Road, Castlereagh Conservation Management Plan 1.0 Introduction 1.1 Preamble This Conservation Management Plan (CMP) for 43 Smith Road, Castlereagh has been prepared for Penrith Lakes Development Corporation (PLDC) as owner of the property and undertaken by Truman, Zaniol & Associates Pty Ltd (TZA). The subject site is located within the Penrith Lakes Scheme area, which is currently a sand and gravel quarry located north of Penrith. There are sites of European cultural significance located within the Scheme area, including the subject site. In the near future quarrying within the Scheme area will cease and the land will be transferred from PLDC ownership. 1.2 Purpose of this CMP The purpose of the report is to understand the significance of the place and its components, identify constraints and opportunities which affect the place, analyse those constraints and opportunities, and arrive at a set of conservation policies for the basis of implementation of those conservation policies. 1.3 Definition of the Place 43 Smith Road is located about 12 kilometres north of Penrith and 54km west of Sydney CBD in the City of Penrith Local Government Area in the County of Cumberland (refer to Figure 1.1). The subject site (the place) is situated on the northern boundary of the Penrith Lakes Scheme area and is defined by the PLDC Conservation Zone for Smith Road House.1 The subject site lies partly within the following cadastral identifiers: Lot 471 in Deposited Plan 558416; Lot 420 and Lot 421 in Deposited Plan 1130185; and Deposited Plan 63308 which are located between Castlereagh Road to the east and Nepean River to the west, and sits on an allotment that formed part of one of the original land grants in the Penrith area – Portion 42 (refer to Figure 1.2). Improvements on the property include, but are not limited to an early twentieth century dwelling, outbuildings and remnant fences (refer to Figure 1.3). The place is currently unoccupied. 1.4 Methodology and Structure This conservation