... may I suggest you enjoy the finest whiskey that money can buy 100 PROOF BOTTLED IN BONO IN s.o BOTTLE IN BOND KENTUCKY STRAIGHT I 4/ KENTUCKY STRAIGHT BOURBOH WHISKEY ©*>11111 O AND lOTTUO •* I w HARPER DIStlUJNC COMMXT •—* IOUIIVIUI ciNtuccr..- KENTUCKY STRAIGHT BOURBON WHISKEY, BOTTLED IN BOND, 100 PROOF, I. W. HARPER DISTILLING COMPANY, LOUISVILLE, KENTUCKY toward Intercontinental TV An important advance has been made in a special IT&T electronic system keeps microwave radio! It’s called “over-the- the signal steady for highly reliable com¬ horizon” transmission. munications. Until recently, microwave was limited Thus “over-the-horizon” transmission to line-of-siglit distances, signals being promises to span truly long distances... beamed directly from one antenna right a big step toward the day when TV may at another. However, engineers knew that cross the oceans. For telephone and tele¬ a small part of the signal “drops off” the graph, facsimile, and telemetering, great beam, or is “scattered” in the tropo¬ benefits can be made available today. sphere. A whole new concept was visual¬ IT&T engineers were the first to intro¬ ized, requiring new, specially-designed duce microwave communications, 25 years equipment. ago. And, by the development of unique Now, with the new technique, the sig¬ equipment, they have made a major nal is beamed far out over the horizon contribution toward making with tremendous power. Huge new “high- “over-the-horizon” microwave gain” antennas capture the “scatter,” and commercially practicable. INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CORPORATION, 67 Broad Street, New York 4, N. Y. APRIL, 1956 s/'&zjjj' JJLJ1 o O o is written on Jamilah’s face as she examines her smallpox vaccination. The little scratch stings. But in a short time it will heal and she will be safe from the dread disease. Jamilah is the tiny daughter of an Arabian American Oil Company employee. With thousands of other people in Saudi Arabia, grown-ups and children alike, she is benefiting from the continuous better health efforts of Aramco’s Medical Department. Dhahran, Saudi Arabia published monthly by THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION APRIL, 1956 Volume 33, Number 4 CONTENTS page 19 THE FOREIGN SERVICE a reprint from the Manchester Guardian THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE 20 SOME PROBLEMS OF POLITICAL REPORTING ASSOCIATION by Martin Herz Honorary President JOHN FOSTER DUI-LES, Secretary of State 22 THE ART OF DIPLOMACY IN THE XVth Honorary Vice-Presidents by William R. Tyler THE UNDER SECRETARIES OF STATE CENTURY THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARIES OF STATE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES OF STATE 24 WHERE RETIRED FSOs SETTLE DOWN THE COUNSELOR by Gardner Richardson THE LEGAL ADVISER THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE LOY W. HENDERSON, President 26 OVERNIGHT IN THE HOLY SEPULCHER GEORGE V. ALLEN, Vice President by Muriel Donnelly BARBARA P. CHALMERS, Executive Secretary board of directors 34 CAMPING IN THE CAMPAGNA by George T. Churchill HENRY S. VILLARD, Chairman CECIL B. LYON, Vice-Chairman HARRY A. MCBRIDE J. DAVID LINEBAUGH departments CHRISTOPHER A. SQUIRE, Assistant Sec.-Treas. Alternates 4 PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS ANNE W. MERIAM ROBERT H. S. EAKENS 4 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS THOMAS S. ESTES, Secretary-Treasurer ROBERT I. OWEN 8 FOREIGN SERVICE STAFF PROMOTIONS OUTERBRIDCE HORSEY journal editorial board 10 IN MEMORIAM, MARRIAGES, BIRTHS JOSEPH PALMER, 2ND, Chairman 12 AMONG OUR CONTRIBUTORS CHARLES F. KNOX, JR. EDMUND GULLION EDWARD W. MULCAHY 14 TWENTY FIVE YEARS AGO by James Stewart EDWARD P. MONTGOMERY NILES BOND 28 SERVICE CLIMPSES JOSEPH J. WACNER NORMAN HANNAH 30 NEWS TO THE FIELD by Gwen Barrows MARY VANCE TRENT WILLIAM L. KRIEG 32 EDITORIAL—Unity and Discipline GWEN BARROWS, Managing Editor GEORGE BUTLER, Business Manager 40 THE BOOKSHELF—Francis C. deWolf. Review Editor HESTER H. HENDERSON, Circulation Manager and George A. Codding, Jr. Joseph M. Upton Editorial Assistant Clarence Senior Arthur L. Lebel The AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION is an unofficial and voluntary association of the members, active and retired, of The Foreign Service of the 48 NEWS FROM THE FIELD United States and the Department of State. The As¬ sociation was formed for the purpose of fostering 56 LETTERS TO THE EDITORS esprit de corps among members of the Foreign Service and to establish a center around which might be grouped the united efforts of its members for the improvement of the Service. The FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL is not official and material appearing herein represents only personal opinions, and is not intended in any way to indicate the official views of the Department of State or of the Foreign Service as a whole. The Editors will consider all articles submitted. If accepted, the author will be paid a minimum of one cent a word on acceptance. Photographs ac¬ companying articles will, if accepted, be purchased at one dollar each. Five dollars is paid for cover pictures. Reports from the Field, although not paid for, are eligible for each month’s $15 Story-of-thp COVER PHOTO: Floating Down the Nile; by Jack Month Contest. Grover. Copyright, 1956, by the American Foreign Service Association. Issued monthly at the rate of $3.00 a year, 25 cents a copy, by the American Foreign Service Association. 1908 G Street. N. W.. Washington. D. C. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C.. under the Act of March 3, 1879. Printed in U.S.A. by Monumental Printing Com¬ pany, Baltimore, INDEX TO ADVERTISERS American Foreign Service Protective Association ... 47 American Security & Trust Company 35 American Storage Company 43 Arabian American Oil Company 2 AVCO 17 Bookmailer, The 41 Airlines Fly Bowling Green Storage ffc Van Company 14 Brewood 16 Brown-Forman Distillers Corporation 7 C & W Frozen Foods 43 Calvert School 55 870,000 Carmel Valley Realty Co. .. 49 Chase Manhattan Bank, The _ 16 Circle Florists _ 49 DACOR _ 49 Dillard Realty Company 6 Miles a Day Easy Washing Machine 43 Educational Consulting Service . ... 49 Ferris & Company 6 Firestone Tire & Rubber Company 18 First National City Bank of New York. The 5 usiny Fowler Enterprises, The 47 Francis Scott Key Apartment Hotel 45 General Electronics Incorporated __ 45 General Motors Corporation __ ... 37 Goodman, Henry J. & Co. 45 Grace Line .. ..... _ . 45 Harper & Brothers 41 Heinz, H. J. Co. ... _ 10 International Telephone & Telegraph Corporation ._ 1 Jefferson International Co., Inc. .. 51 Maphis, J. Alan 47 Merchants Transfer & Storage Company _ 8 Montgomery Ward 12 National Distillers Products Corporation 13 Ney’s Shopping Service 55 Norris Furniture Corporation 49 Parks, James E. 49 Radio Corporation of America 15 Sabarth, Mary 49 Saccone & Speed Ltd 53 Schenley International Corporation IT Cover Seagram’s V.O. .. 33 Security Storage Company of Washington _ _.. 35 Service Investment Corporation 55 Sinclair Refining Company 4 Smith’s 55 Socony Mobil Oil Company, Inc. 39 45% of the oil used by major scheduled State Department Federal Credit Union 51 airlines in the United States is supplied Swartz, Walter H. Co. 9 United Fruit Company 6 by Sinclair. United States Lines 5 Waldorf-Astoria, The IV Cover The same Sinclair Research and refining Wilner, Joseph A. & Co. 51 skills that produce the dependable oil for Woodward & Lothrop 5 Wooster School 16 giant airliners provide you with the finest Zenith Radio Corporation 11 automotive oils you can buy for your car, truck or bus. PROMOTIONS and APPOINTMENTS The following nominations were sent by the President to the Senate, February 28, 1956. Class of Career Minister to Class of Career Ambassador James Clement Dunn H. Freeman Matthews Loy W. Henderson Robert D. Murphy Class 1 to Class of Career Minister Don C. Bliss Walter C. Dowling SINCLAIR James C. H. Bonbright Cecil B. Lyon Philip W. Bonsai James S. Moose, Jr. A Great Name in Oil Hugh S. Cumming, Jr. William J. Sebald (Continued on page 6) 4 FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL ☆ AFLOAT OR ASHORE The superb neic *•s* United States The world’s most modern passenger liner . less than 5 days to Europe NEW YORK • HAVRE • SOUTHAMPTON First Class, $350 up; Cabin, $220 up; Tourist, $172 up 3‘f t±/ in fyiot/d fyiir/e S3</n/iin<y The beautiful and luxurious s-s-America Favorite of thousands of transatlantic travelers. NEW YORK • COBH • HAVRE • SOUTHAMPTON BREMERHAVEN 66 OVERSEAS BRANCHES, OFFICES, AND AFFILIATES First Class, $295 up; Cabin, $200 up; Tourist, $165 up ARGENTINA Manzanillo PERU Buenos Aires Matanzas Lima Hut iolomc Mitre 502 Santiago Flores PHILIPPINES EGYPT Manila Pla/.a Once Cairo Rosario Juan Luna ENGLAND Port Area BRAZIL London Cebu Rio <le Janeiro 117 Old Broad St. Clark Field Sao Paulo West End Avenida lpiranha 855 11 Waterloo PI. 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OF V alparaiso Nagoya PANAMA COLOMBIA Osaka Panama Yokohama Bogota SAUDI ARABIA Barranquilla •Camp Otsu Jeddah Cali ♦Camp Zama Medellin •Naval Air Station SINGAPORE Iwakuni CUBA *Military Facility Singapore Havana URUGUAY 402 Presidente 7ay as LEBANON Beirut Montevideo Cuatro Caminos Galiano MEXICO VENEZUELA La Lonja Mexico City Caracas Twenty-third St. 54 Avenida Esq u ina Caiharien Isabel la Catdlica Santa Capilla Cardenas Republics Miranda GERMANY LIBERIA Frankfurt Representative Office The Bank of Monrovia Head Office: 55 Wall Street, New York 73 BRANCHES THROUGHOUT GREATER NEW YORK A warm welcome awaits Foreign Service men and their families when visiting the Nation’s Capital—but we also welcome your letters—and our corps of skilled shoppers is ready to serve you wherever you may be — whatever your needs.