DRAFT NOT FOR DISSEMINATION FOR USE OF INVITED EXPERTS ONLY Handbook on civil registration, vital statistics and identity management systems: Communication for development United Nations Statistics Division August 2019, New York Contents PREFACE ........................................................................................................................................................ 5 WHY THIS IS IMPORTANT ............................................................................................................................. 8 INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 12 1. BACKGROUND ................................................................................................................................. 12 2. UNITED NATIONS STRATEGY FOR LEGAL IDENTITY FOR ALL .......................................................... 13 a. Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 13 b. Definitions ................................................................................................................................... 17 c. Implementation – general norms ............................................................................................... 19 d. Implementation – specifics ......................................................................................................... 19 3. PURPOSE OF THE HANDBOOK AND OVERVIEW OF THE CONTENTS OF THE HANDBOOK ............. 22 4. THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................... 24 a. Communication for development ............................................................................................... 24 b. Social ecological model ............................................................................................................... 26 c. Steps for developing and implementing a strategic communication programme ..................... 29 5. BENEFTTS OF HIGH-QUALITY CIVIL REGISTRATION / IDENTITY MANAGEMENT / VITAL STATISTICS SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................................. 31 CHAPTER I. ORGANIZATIONAL ASPECTS OF COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT FOR EFFECTIVE CIVIL REGISTRATION, VITAL STATISTICS AND IDENTITY MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS ................................. 38 1. ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT CONCEPT NOTE 39 a. Role in the civil registration, identity management and vital statistics systems ........................ 39 2. STRUCTURE OF THE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT OFFICE ............................................ 44 3. INTER-AGENCY COMMITTEE AND COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT SUB-COMMITTEE ..... 46 4. SETTING THE PRIORITIES AND IDENTIFICATION OF GOALS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ......................................................................... 50 a. Identification of problem areas and setting the priorities .......................................................... 50 b. Developing the main goals and objectives of the communication for development programme 54 5. MAJOR ACTIVITIES OF COORDINATION AND MANAGEMENT BODIES ........................................... 56 a. Formulation of the preliminary national communication for development concept ................ 56 b. Ensuring government ownership and commitment of sufficient resources to implement the proposed communication for development programme ................................................................... 57 c. Development of the communication for development strategy and implementation plan ...... 62 CHAPTER II. FIRST STEPS FOR AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY: FORMATIVE RESEARCH, BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF MAIN ACTORS ....................... 66 1. THE PLANNING PROCESS ................................................................................................................ 68 2. FORMATIVE RESEARCH ................................................................................................................... 70 a) Steps to be taken in planning the formative research ................................................................ 70 b) Methods for data collection........................................................................................................ 71 c) Analysis of causes and determinants .......................................................................................... 74 3. PROGRAMME ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................. 80 4. IDENTIFICATION OF PARTICIPANTS AND THEIR BEHAVIOR ............................................................ 81 a) Identification of participants based on social ecological model ................................................. 82 b) Behavioral analysis ...................................................................................................................... 99 5. IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL PARTNERS .................................................................................. 103 6. COMMUNICATION LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS .................................................................................... 104 Chapter III. METHODS AND TOOLS TO BE USED IN THE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ........................................................................................................................................... 107 .................................................................................................................................................................. 107 1. APPROACHES TO ADDRESS MAIN DETERMINANTS OF A BEHAVIOR ............................................ 107 a) Behavior change communication ............................................................................................. 110 b) Social change communication and community engagement ................................................... 113 c) Social mobilization .................................................................................................................... 116 d) Advocacy .................................................................................................................................. 117 e) Capacity building ....................................................................................................................... 118 f) Media engagement ................................................................................................................... 120 2. PLANNING FOR EFFECTIVE INTERVENTIONS ................................................................................. 125 3. SELECTION OF CHANNELS AND TOOLS FOR VARIOUS GROUPS ................................................... 127 4. MESSAGES AND ARGUMENTS – DEVELOPMENT AND PRE-TESTING ............................................ 135 Chapter IV. RESOURCES FOR THE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME ................... 140 1. MANAGEMENT OF STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT, IMPLEMENTATION, MONITORING AND EVALUATION ......................................................................................................................................... 140 2. TIMEFRAME AND NECESSARY RESOURCES ................................................................................... 145 3. PARTNERSHIPS .............................................................................................................................. 149 4. IDENTIFICATION AND MOBILIZATION OF NECESSARY HUMAN RESOURCES ............................... 150 Chapter V. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE COMMUNICATION FOR DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME .......... 152 1. LAUNCHING OF THE PROGRAMME .............................................................................................. 154 2. MONITORING AND EVALUATION .................................................................................................. 154 Chapter VI. RECOMMENDATIONS TO STRENGTHEN NATIONAL CR/VS AND ID MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS .................................................................................................................................................................. 161 ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................... 164 Annex 1. Short example of analysis of determinants of non-registration in Guinea – data collected in focus groups and by observation .......................................................................................................... 164 Annex 2. How to develop a communication for development strategy ............................................... 171 Annex 3. Template of agenda for the workshop on situational analysis and communication for development strategy elaboration on CR/VS/IM ................................................................................. 173 Annex 4. Template for identification of main strategy participants (audiences) ................................. 178 Annex 4. Template for behavioral analysis ........................................................................................... 180 Annex 5. Template for identification of messages and arguments ...................................................... 181 Annex 6. Activity planning ...................................................................................................................