Final DRAFT Conceptual Water Budget 1.0 Conceptual Water Budget

Saugeen, Grey Sauble, Northern Bruce Peninsula Source Protection Region FINAL DRAFT Conceptual Water Budget Table of Contents 1.0 Conceptual Water Budget 1.1 Introduction 1 1.1.1 Goals and Anticipated Use of the Water Budget 1 1.1.2 Definition of Uniform Areas 2 1.2 Surface Water System 2 1.2.1 Introduction 2 1.2.2 Background 3 1.2.3 Climate 4 1.2.3.1 Precipitation 4 1.2.3.2 Air Temperature 6 1.2.3.3 Wind 7 1.2.3.4 Barometric Pressure 7 1.2.3.5 Solar Radiation 8 1.2.3.6 Evaporation and Transpiration 8 1.2.4 Land Use and Land Cover 9 1.2.5 Soils 12 1.2.6 Runoff and Streamflow 13 1.2.6.1 Data Sources 13 1.2.6.2 Streamflow Analysis 16 1.2.6.3 Streamflow 20 1.2.6.4 Baseflow 21 1.2.7 Topography and Watercourses 24 1.2.8 Inland Lakes, reservoirs and wetlands 24 1.2.9 Groundwater Recharge Estimates 24 1.2.9.1 Methodology 25 1.2.9.2 Results 26 1.2.10 Surface Water Characterization 27 1.3 Groundwater System 35 1.3.1 Geology 35 1.3.1.1 Precambrian Basement Rocks 35 1.3.1.2 Paleozoic Carbonate Rocks 36 1.3.1.3 Pleistocene Glacial Deposits 42 1.3.1.4 Holocene Erosion and Deposition 43 1.3.2 Hydrogeology 44 1.3.2.1 Bedrock Aquifers 44 1.3.2.2 Overburden Aquifers 46 1.3.2.3 Groundwater/Surface Water Interactions 51 1.4 Water Use 52 1.4.1 Data Sources 52 1.4.2 Municipal Water Takings 52 1.4.3 Agricultural Water Takings 54 1.4.4 Consumptive Industrial Water Takings 54 1.4.5 Nonconsumptive Industrial Water Takings 54 1.4.6 Private Domestic Water Takings 55 1.4.7 Recreational Water Usage 55 i 1.5 Conceptualization of the Hydrologic System 56 1.5.1 Key Components and Processes 56 1.5.2 Major Data Gaps 59 1.6 Preliminary Numeric Water Budget Analysis 60 1.6.1 Water Distribution Calculations for Surface Water Systems 60 1.6.2 Surface Water Allocation versus Availability 60 1.6.3 Groundwater Recharge versus Allocation 63 1.7 Summary and Recommendations for Further Work 64 1.7.1 Summary 64 1.7.2 Recommendations for Further Work 65 1.7.3 Screening Decisions 66 List of Tables Table 1. Average Annual Solar Radiation for Bells Lake and SVCA Headquarters, in Langleys. Table 2. WSC Gauges Table 3. Active SVCA Gauges Table 4. Gauged Catchment Characteristics Table 5. Flow Characteristics for Selected Gauges Table 6. Estimated Recharge Rates for different geological materials Table 7. Groundwater Use by Municipality and Sector in the SVCA and GSCA planning region, from Grey and Bruce Counties Groundwater Study, 2003. Table 8. Water budget summary for gauged catchments List of Figures Figure 1. Physically Distributed monthly precipitation for selected sites in the Grey Sauble SaugeenNorthern Bruce Peninsula Region Figure 2. Distribution of land uses by category, from the Canada Land Use Inventory. Figure 3. Estimated Baseflow and Recharge for Selected Catchments Figure 4. Conceptualization of the components and flux of water in the SVCA/GSCA/MNBP Source Protection Partnership Area. ii List of Maps Map 1 – Uniform Areas for Water Budget analysis Map 2 – Climate stations and Representative Areas Map 3 – Average annual precipitation Map 4 – Ecodistricts Map 5 – Solar radiation Map 6 – Evapotranspiration Map 7 – Land Use Inventory Map 8 – Land Use – Western Portion Map 9 – Land Use – Eastern Portion Map 10 – Soil Texture Map 11 – Surface Water Assessment Areas Map 12 – Stream Flow Map 13 – Runoff Map 14 – Baseflow Map 15 – Surface Elevation Map 16 – Lakes and Wetlands Map 17 – Hydrologic Response Units Map 18 – Recharge Map 19 – Bedrock Geology Map 20 – Bedrock Topography Map 21 – Bedrock Potentiometric Surface Map 22 – Depth to Bedrock Potentiometric Surface Map 23 – Surficial Geology Map 24 – Overburden Thickness Map 25 – Depth to Water Table Map 26 – Recharge and Discharge areas Map 27 – Permits To Take Water (Surface) Map 28 – Surface Water Takings Map 29 – Permits To Take Water (Groundwater) Map 30 – Groundwater Takings Map 31 – Surface Water Mass Balance Map 32 – Percentage of Available Surface Water Allocated Map 33 – Percentage of Recharge Allocated iii List of Acronyms AWC Available Water Capacity BFI Baseflow Index BFLOW Baseflow Separation Program BRFU Basin Runoff Forecast Unit CA Conservation Authority CLI Canada Landuse Inventory DEM Digital Elevation Model ET Evapotranspiration GAWSER Guelph AllWeather Sequential Event Runoff model GIS Geographic information system GRCA Grand River Conservation Authority GSCA – Grey Sauble Conservation Authority GUDI Groundwater Under the Direct Influence of Surface Water HSPF Hydrological Simulation Program – Fortran HYDAT Hydroclimatological Data Retrieval Program IWD Inverse Weighted Distance MNBP Municipality of Northern Bruce Peninsula MNR Ministry of Natural Resources NRCan Natural Resources Canada NRVIS Natural Resources Values Information System PTTW Provincial Permit To Take Water STATSGO State Soil Geographic Database STPs Sewage Treatment Plants SVCA Saugeen Valley Conservation Authority SWAT Soil and Water Assessment Tool SWP Source Water Protection USDA United States Department of Agriculture iv WOFOST World Food Studies model WRIP Water Resource Information Project WSC Water Survey of Canada WWTP Waste Water Treatment Plant v Saugeen/Grey Sauble/Northern Bruce Peninsula Source Protection Planning Region Final DRAFT Conceptual Water Budget 1.0 Conceptual Water Budget 1.1 Introduction The goal of any water budget is to characterize, as accurately as possible, the fluxes of water through the hydrologic system one is attempting

Final DRAFT Conceptual Water Budget 1.0 Conceptual Water Budget

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