APPENDIX Global Motorsport Disciplines and Series Table A1 Motorsport Disciplines Motorsport Discipline Description Autocross A circuit is laid out on a grass surface and cars compete individually against the clock. Autotest Cars compete alone, against the clock. The driver must negotiate a set route between obstacles, usually plastic pylons or cones. The surface is normally smooth, often tarmac. Car racing Cars compete against each other on purpose-built tarmac circuits like Silverstone or Brands Hatch. Drag racing The aim of drag racing is to cover a quarter mile (440 yards) as fast as possible from a standing start on tarmac. Hillclimb and sprint Two similar branches of motorsport. Each event takes place on a smooth sealed surface over a measured distance against the clock. Karting Karting is similar to car racing in that competitors race each other on purpose-built tarmac circuits. Karts are, however, smaller and more basic in appearance than racing cars. Off road This category includes a variety of events, including Trials, Competitive Safaris and Team Recovery Competitions, all of which take place over difficult terrain and call for specialist vehicles, normally with four-wheel drive. (Continued) 157 158 Table A1 (Continued) Motorsport Discipline Description Rallycross Rallycross takes place at permanent venues, using a mixture of surfaced and off-road sections. Cars compete against the clock in qualification heats, then against each other in finals. Rallying The most popular form of motorsport in Britain, perhaps because it involves ordinary-looking cars. It involves two people working together: a driver and a co-driver or navigator, and the cars normally run at one-minute intervals, competing against the clock rather than directly against each other. Trials The competitive element in a trial is the ability to climb gradients of varying difficulty. Each trial has several observed sections on private ground. Source: Adapted from: http://www.msauk.org/ Table A2 Motorsport Series Acronyms Acronym Meaning F1 Formula One WRC World Rally Championship A1GP A1 Grand Prix NASCAR National Association of Stock Car Auto Racing CART Championship Auto Racing League IRL Indy Racing League GP2 Grand Prix 2 WSR World Series by Renault SuperGT Japanese GT Championship DTM Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters ALMS American Le Mans Series (American-based) LMS Le Mans Series (European-based) Grand-Am Grand-American (Sportscar Series) WTCC World Touring Car Championship BTCC British Touring Car Championship F3 Formula 3 FR Formula Renault F2000 Formula Ford 2000 FF Formula Ford Source: MRA (2003) BIBLIOGRAPHY Accenture (2002) MSA Strategy Implementation Plan – MSA Board Review and Sign Off, Accenture, London. AMRA (2002) Motorsport Education and Skills Development Strategy, AMRA, Yorkshire, UK. Angus, T. (2001a) “Networks of Knowledge: The Case of the Italian Motorsport Industry,” unpublished PhD Thesis, University of Birmingham, UK. Angus, T. (2001b) The Italian Motorsport Industry and its Relationship to Motorsport Valley: Executive Summary, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. Aston, B., and Williams, M. (1996) Playing to Win: The Success of UK Motorsport Engineering, Institute of Public Policy Research, London. Beck-Burridge, M., and Walton, J. (1999) Britain’s Winning Formula: Achieving World Leadership in Motorsport, Macmillan Business, London. Competition Commission (2001) Octagon Motorsport Limited and British Racing Drivers Club Limited: A report on the merger situation, Competition Commission, London. DTI (nd) “Harnessing a World Class Industry Cluster to Gain Competitive Advantage for the UK: Motorsport Engineering and Services,” DTI, London. Foreign and Commonwealth Office (2000) Britain’s Motorsport Industry, FCO, London. GHK (2003) “The Economic Impact of the British Grand Prix at Silverstone,” GHK, London and Birmingham, UK commissioned by EMDA. Henry, N. (1999) In Pole Position: Motor Sport Success in Britain and Its Lessons for the World’s Motor Industry, Euromotor Reports, London. Henry, N., and Pinch, S. (1997) A Regional Formula for Success? The innova- tive region of Motor Sport Valley, ESRC Executive Summary Report, University of Birmingham, UK. Henry, N., and Pinch, S. (2000) “Spatialising Knowledge: placing the knowledge community of Motor Sport Valley,” Geoforum, Vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 191–208. Henry, N., and Pinch, S. (2001) “Neo-Marshallian Nodes, Institutional Thickness and Britain’s ‘Motorsport Valley’: thick or thin?,” Environment and Planning A, 33, pp. 1169–83. 159 160 BIBLIOGRAPHY Henry, N., Pinch, S., and Russell, S. (1996) “In Pole Position? Untraded inter- dependencies, new industrial spaces and the British Motorsport Industry,” Area, Vol. 28, pp. 25–36. InContext Inc (1999a) The Economic Impact of the Network Q Rally of Great Britain, InContext Inc, Washington D.C. InContext Inc (1999b) The Economic Impact of the European Grand Prix, InContext Inc, Washington D.C. MIA (2000) Promoting the Valley: Motorsport Pathfinder Report MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MIA (2001a) Executive Summary – The National Survey of Motorsport Engineering and Services 2000, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MIA (2001b) Full Report – The National Survey of Motorsport Engineering and Services 2000 MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MIA (2002) Motorsport Valley Cluster Development: Industry Commitment Project, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MIA (2006) A China Market Overview and Opportunities Study for the Motorsport Industry, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. Mintel (2001) British Motorsport Market Research Report, Mintel, London. Monitor Group (2002) Developing a Winning Strategy for the Motorsport Cluster, Monitor Group, London. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2002) USA Motorsport Market Research Report, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2003a) A Study into the UK Motorsport and Performance Engineering Cluster, DTI, London. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2003b) Motorsport Northamptonshire: A Study of the Motorsport Industry in Northamptonshire, Northamptonshire Partnership, Northampton. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2004a) French Motorsport Market Research Report, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2004b) Italian Motorsport Market Research Report, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2004c) German Motorsport Market Research Report, MIA, Warwickshire, UK. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2005) Motorsport CSW: A Study of the Motorsport Industry in Coventry, Solihull and Warwickshire, CSW Partnership, Coventry, UK. MRA (Motorsport Research Associates) (2006) High Performance Engineering in Northamptonshire, Invest Northamptonshire, Northampton, UK. Oxfordshire Motorsport Forum (1999) Oxfordshire Motorsport Forum 1999, Heart of England TEC/Oxford Innovation. Oxford. Performance Racing Industry, various issues, http://www.performanceracing.com/ content/?idϭ2634&MenuIDϭ2634 Bibliography 161 Pinch, S., and Henry, N. (1999a) “Discursive Aspects of Technological Innovation: the case of the British motor-sport industry,” Environment and Planning A, Vol. 31, pp. 665–82. Pinch, S., and Henry, N. (1999b) “Paul Krugman’s Geographical Economics, Industrial Clustering and the British Motor Sport Industry,” Regional Studies, Vol. 33, No. 9, pp. 815–27. Raven, C., and Pinch, S. (2000) “The British Kit Car Industry,” European Urban and Regional Studies Vol. 10, No.4, pp. 343–54. Russell, S. (1994) In Pole Position: A Study of the British Motor Sport Industry, unpublished dissertation, University of Southampton, UK. Trade Partners UK (2000) Motorsport in Malaysia: A Report by the British High Commission, British High Commission, Malaysia. UK Trade and Investment (2005) The Brazilian Motor Racing Market, UKTI Automotive Sector Team, Brazil. In addition a variety of websites and trade press sources were utilized including: www.autosport.com www.grandprix.com Autosport Magazine Performance Racing Industry Magazine Race Engine Technology Magazine Racecar Engineering Magazine RaceTech Magazine INDEX A1GP, 12, 21, 28, 49, 51, 52, 53, 109, 110, B3 Technologies, 4, 52 111, 112, 120, 125, 128 Bahrain, see Gulf Region Accidents, 36, 64, 144 BAR, 54–5, 58, 59, 133 ADR, 52 BBS, 67 Advanced Composites, 52 Bedford Aerodrome, 53 AER, 26 Benchmarking, xvi, 10, 13–20, 32, Aerodynamics, xiii, 4, 27, 34, 52, 67, 76, 79, 34, 96, 117, 136 82, 86, 146 Benetton, 55, 84, 85, 133 Aerospace, 52, 84, 85, 86, 89–90 Bentley, 47, 51, 66, 67 Aerolab, 76, 79 Berta, 2, 106, 107, 108 Alcon, 27, 38, 52 Biesse, 79 Alfa Romeo, 24, 34, 54, 74, 75, 79, 80 Birel, 79 Alliances, see Collaboration BMW, xiii, 21, 23, 25, 34, 54, 57, 64, 65, ALMS, 24, 39, 153 66, 67, 69, 70, 87, 103, 128, 129, 133, Alonso, 101, 104, 133, 139 142 Amateurs, 1, 6, 7, 24, 42, 142 Bosch, 67 AMG, 26, 66, 70, 72 Brabham, 38, 48, 66, 98 see also Mercedes Benz Brakes, 27, 42, 51–2, 76, 79, 86, 89 Andretti Green, 4 Brand, xi, 7, 18, 28, 34, 95, 106, 149, 150, AP Racing, 27, 52, 79 151, 152, 153, 154 ARCA, 37 Brazil, see South America Arden, 52 Bridgestone, 61, 86 Argentina, 24, 27 British Rally Championship, 53 see also South America British Touring Car Championship, Arrington Manufacturing, 26, 42 see BTCC ASCAR, 25 Brembo, 27, 76, 78–9, 83 Asia, xiv, 23, 54, 62, 126 BTCC, 24, 30, 31, 53, 54, 71, 102, Asiatech, 85 103, 119 ASM, 90 Bugatti, 74, 83, 135 Aston Martin, 51, 54, 133 Buick, 36 ATR, 78 ATS, 65, 74 Canada, 28, 45, 111 Audi, 24, 26, 34, 39, 64, 66, 67, 82, 135, 144, Car racing, 157 152–3 Carlin, 52 Audi Sport, 26, 67, 69 Carbon Industrie, 86, 89 Audience, 2, 5, 7, 11, 28, 96,