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INFORMATION TO USERS This rnanuscn'pt has been reproduced frwn the microfilm master. UMI films the text direaly fmm the original w copy submitted. fhus, some Wsand dissertation copies am in typewriter face, Mile oüwrs may be fnom any type of wmputer printer- The quality of tnb repmâucfIon b upon the qurlity d üm copy subrnitted. Broken or indistinct cokred or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print MeedthrPugh, s&Hadad margins, and im-r aîiiment can adversely Mec! repmdudh. ln the unlikely event lhat the authof did not secid UMI a compiede manuscnpt and there are missing pages, these will be noted- Also, if unauthorized copyright matenal had to be mmoved, a note will incikate the de(etion. Ovenize mateials (e-g., maps, drawings, *arts) are mproduced by sectiming the original, beginning at the upper iefthand amer and ~~(~b'nuingfrom left b right in equal sedions with small ovdéps. Photographs induded in the original manud# have beeri reproduced xemgnphically in this -y. Highquaîii W x Q Msd< and white photographie prints are avaiiable for any photographs or illusttatioris -ring in this copy for an additional charge. contact UMI di- b6 order. 8611 8 Hawell Information and Leaming 300 Nom Zeeb Road, Ann Arbor, MI 481ûS1346 USA The Parameters of Japan's Political Economic Strategy: impact of National Identity, National Interests, and Role Conceptions on Japanese Foreign Policy (1980-97). DANN DUBO DRAPEAU Department of East Asian Studies McGill University Montreal, Canada July 1998 A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilnent of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts 8 DANN DüHO DRAPEAU National Library Bibliothèque nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services senrices bibliographiques 395 Wellington Street 395. nm Wellingtori OttawaON K1AW ûttawaON K1AW canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive Licence aiiowing the exclusive mettant à la National Library of Canada to Bibiiotheque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distribute or seii reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la fome de rnicrofiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. Page e ABSTRACT AND RESUME.rrr.r...... ...................o.......... CO-IONS .................................................. CHAPTER: Review of the Literature ................................ Theoretical memi-. ................................... a) The Realist Appraacb.. ............................ b) The Constructivist Approach ....................... Mef;hOdolo~............................................. The Socialisation Process in Japan ...................... The Japanese National Identity .......................... Japan's National inter est^.....,.......^.....^.......... Japan's National Role Conceptions ....................... Conclusion .............................................. Policy of Economic Recovery and Growth (1945 to the 1960s)..................................... Social Development (19709).............................. Conclusion.. ............................................ Japanese Response to US Pressure ......................... Japanese Trade Adjustment to the Changing Franieiii~rkof the World Econa~iy....................................... Conclusion .............................................. 5. SUMMARY AIQD DIsCU8SIOlQ........ ............................ REFERENCES ................................................... First and foremost, 1 want to thank my main advisor, Professor Suzanne Culter, for her support, patience, and guidance in the preparation of this thesis and throughout my academic experience at McGill University. Her deep involvement with her courses, devotion to her students, and belief in me, have been an important stimulus for my determination to fulfil al1 the requirements for completing my graduate s tudies - 1 am grateful for thoughtful advises and support provided by Professor Alex Macleod from l'université du Québec à ~ontreai. He was extremely kind to read my thesis drafts, recommend minos modifications, and give me salut- suggestions- Al1 my passion for Japanese politics in world affairs derives from his classes on the Japanese political system and foreign policy, and his devotion to this study. His confidence in me was the source of the belief in myself. 1 also owe a great debt of gratitude to Professor Thomas Lamarre. He took the the to read my thesis drafts, offered significant comments and suggestions on the ment issues concerning the over-priced estates in Japan that helped me to expand my personal knowledge on this question for future research- 1 want to mention a special thanks as well to the Dean of the East Asian Studies Department, Professor Robin Yates, and one cf his colleagues, Professor Kenneth Dean, for their cons tant encouragement. Finally, 1 acknowledge the help of Louis Melo, who proof-read this thesis, and almost al1 of the papers that 1 have submitted throughout my years of graduate studies at McGill University. Above all, for the support and encouragement h the writing process of the thesis, I give very special thanks to my mother , Géraldine Drapeau, older brother, Frédéric Duho Drapeau, and best friend, Gérard linbeau. Without their f inancial support, this thesis would never have happened. Nancy Moriyama, my friend, deserves also an ac'mowledgement for her presence and love for me. Research on Japanese current foreign policy suffers from negïect of the influence of dorestic factors on Japan's decisions and behaviour in world politics. The question of the nature of Japanese foreign policy needs to go beyond the exogenous cause of state behaviour in international affairs. The object of inquiry of this thesis is the influence of social factors on the orientation of Japanrs foreign policy. The central concern is: "hm" and "why" Japan behaves as it does in world affairs. This examination addresses the question of the interaction of endogenous and exogenous factors on the foreign economic policy of Japan, and postulates that Japanese national identity, national interests, and role conceptions, are the essence of Japan's defensive attitudes in world affairs on the one hand, and that Japanese behavioural patterns in international relations are in conformity with the ends of Japan's foreign policy: econdc security and growth under the Japan-US alliance- Japanese respanse to US pressure and trade adjustment to the changing framework of the wrld economy from the 1980s up to the present give a relevant outlook to the defensive character of Japan's foreign policy. For Japanese policy-majeers, the stability of Japan's economic performance in the world economy, its pacif ist attitude in world affairs, its trade relations with the United States, and its protectorate status as a result of the Japan-US Security Treaty , are beyond question. Les recherches portant sur la politique étrangère nippone négligent l'influence des facteurs sociaux sur les décisions et la conduite du Japon en relations internationales. La question sur la nature de la politique étrangère nippone mérite dès lors d'aller au- delà des causes exogènes du comportement des États en affaires internationales. Cette étude porte- donc sur l'influence des facteurs sociaux sur l'orientation de la politique étrangère du Japon. Les questions abordées sont les suivantes: "coament" et "pourquoi" le Japon agit comme il agit en affaires internationales- Cette analyse soulève la question de l'interaction des facteurs endogènes et exogènes sur La politique économique étrangère du Japon, et avance que l'identité nationale et les intérêts nationaux japonais et la conception de son rôle sur la scène mondiale sont la source de l'attitude défensive & Japon en affaires internationales et que la conduite de ce pays en relations internationales est conforme à ses aspirations en politique étrangère: la croissance et la sécurité économique du Japon sous l'alliance américano-japonaise- La réponse du Japon aux pressions américaines et ses ajustements commerciaux face aux changements structurels de l'économie nmndiale, dès années 80 à nos jours, sont des indices notables du caractère défensif de la politique étrangère nippone- Pour les hoames d'État japonais, la stabilité de la performance économique nippone dans l'économie mondiale, l'attitude pacifiste de l'États japonais sur la scène mondiale, les relations commerciales avec les États-UNS et le protectorat américain résultant du traité de sécurité entre ces deux pays, sont au-delà de toute question. Throughout this study, Japanese names are given in their proper order, with the surname first and the given name second. With naxnes of Westerners of Japanese descent, Western order is preserved. 1. INTRûDUCTI019 Japan's economic growth in the postwar era is striking- Japan is today an economic superpower. The new international status of Japan has generated debates among scholars and policy &ers about the nature of Japanese foreign policy. The orientation of Japan8s foreign policy, that is, Japanrs

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