Half Empty: Burma’s political parties and their human rights commitments November 2015 / N°668a November © AFP PHOTO / Soe Than Win MPs attend parliamentary session in Naypyidaw on July 4, 2012. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Foreword 4 2. Executive summary 4 3. Methodology 5 4. Outgoing Parliament disappoints on human rights 7 11 5.1 - Media freedom 12 5.2 - Religious discrimination 12 5.3 - Role of the military 13 5.4 - Accountability for past crimes 13 5.5 - Legislative reform 14 5.6 - Women’s rights 14 5.7 - Death penalty 14 5.8 - Ethnic minority rights 15 15 5.10 - Human rights defenders 15 5.11 - Investment, development, and infrastructure projects 16 5.12 - Next government’s top priorities 16 6. Recommendations to elected MPs 17 7. Appendixes 20 7.1 - Appendix 1: Survey’s complete results 20 7.2 - Appendix 2: Political parties contesting the 8 November election 25 1. FOREWORD By Tomás Ojea Quintana, former UN Special Rapporteur on the situation of human rights in Myanmar to visit the new Parliament in Myanmar, I was able to economic course. 2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Suu Kyi, is expected to win. 1 Burma Issues & Concerns Vol. 6: The generals’ election, January 2011 4 FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS concerns. The report provides numerous recommendations to MPs, based on statements and reports issued by various UN special procedures as well as resolutions adopted by 3. METHODOLOGY [See Appendix 2: Political parties contesting the 8 November election Appendix 1: Survey’s complete results FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 5 6 FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 4. OUTGOING PARLIAMENT DISAPPOINTS ON HUMAN RIGHTS ].2 Repealed Source: FIDH FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 7 4 5 On 6 November 2012, 6 On 25 September 2014, the Table 1: Amendments to articles of the Constitution rejected by MPs on 25 June 2015].8 They included the amendment by ethnic minority MPs. Fourth-day second regular session of First Pyithu Hluttaw takes place - Questioning, replying, discussing and submitting propFirst Pyithu Hluttaw second regular session goes on for sixth day - Questions raised and answered, proposals and bills submitted for approval Government to submit new jail law: minister First Pyithu Hluttaw second regular session goes on for seventh day - Questions raised and answers, proposals and bills submitted for approval, Parliament rejects reform of emergency act Proposal to revoke Myanmar Citizenship Law - 1882 put on record MPs block amendments to 1982 Citizenship Law, Priority given to upgrading bridges on Taunggyi-Kengtung road: Deputy Minister Myanmar parliament votes to keep military veto 8 FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS Source: Global New Light of Myanmar Table 2: ‘Race and Religion Protection Laws’ (MaBaTha) FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 9 Source: FIDH the Tatmadaw increase [See Table 3: Military spending from 2011-12 FY to 2015-16 FY]. 10 FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 19.29 +171% 1.19 1.88 2.24 2.75 Source: FIDH 5. SURVEY FINDINGS: HUMAN RIGHTS PRIORITIES NEGLECTED commitments to resolve them. FIDH - HALF EMPTY: BURMA’S POLITICAL PARTIES AND THEIR HUMAN RIGHTS COMMITMENTS 11 5.1 - Media freedom (Question #1) similar and overly broad clauses to prosecute is still problematic and authorities can use it anytime to impose restrictions on publications. In . September and October 2014, authorities ordered Unity years in prison each under the State Secrets Act. 5.2 - Religious discrimination (Question #2) © AFP PHOTO / Soe Than Win November 2012 [See above Outgoing Parliament on April 1, 2014. disappoints on human rights].