A survey with the HARPS spectrograph : From gaseous giant planets to rocky planets ESO-3.6m @ La Silla • δλ/λ = 10 (-9) >>>> 0.3 m/s HARPS Michel Mayor , University of Geneva A survey with the HARPS spectrograph : From gaseous giant planets to rocky planets HARPS GTO • δλ/λ = 10 (-9) >>>> 0.3 m/s Built : by Geneva and Haute-Provence Observatories +ESO (Pi : M.Mayor, Project manager : F.Pepe) - Statistical survey of southern sky - ( F(metallicity, period, planetary mass, ecc. )) - HARPS survey combined with CORALIE survey (EULER tel) - Planets hosted by M Stars (cf T.Forveille) - Host star metallicity versus planetary frequency. - RV follow-up of CoRoT candidates (CoRoT-7) Michel Mayor , University of Geneva HD10180 : a planetary system with 7 planets P1 = 1.18 day P7 = 2150 days e1 = 0 e7 = 0.15 P4 = 49.7 days m1 sini = 1.5 M⊕ m7 sini = 67 M⊕ e4 = 0.06 m sini = 24.8 M P2 = 5.76 days 4 ⊕ e2 = 0.07 P5 = 122.7 days m2 sini = 13.2 M⊕ e5 = 0.13 m sini = 23.4 M P3 = 16.4 days 5 ⊕ e3 = 0.16 P6 = 595 days m3 sini = 11.8 M⊕ e6 = 0.0 m6 sini = 22 M⊕ Lovis et al. 2010 Mayor, Marmier, Lovis et al.2011 HARPS GTO Marmier et al. 2013, A&A 551,90 Diaz et al. 2016, A&A 585,134 Udry et al. 2019, A&A 622,37 Rickman et al. 2019, A&A submitted Discovery of the exoplanet population of SuperEarths Smaller-mass planets 3 < M < 100 M⊕ P < 1yr fsyst = 51 +/- 8 % (Mayor et al.2011) Orbital periods < 50 days: => increase of f(m) towards low masses HD 92987 P= 10355 days Rickman et al. 2019, A&A submitted The CORALIE survey for the southern extrasolar planets « six new massive giant planets at separation larger than 5 AU HD 13724 P= 14764 days HD 98649 P = 6024 d HD 50499 P = 2484 d & P = 8611 d HD 50499 P= 2784 d & P = 8611 d HD 92788 P = 325 d & P = 11620 d RV and imaging planets Host star metallicity versus occurrence of gaseous giant planets The first systematic study with a well defined sample: Santos et al. 2004 , A&A 415,1153 Sousa et al. 2011, A&A 533,141 Host star metallicity and occurence of planets for two domain of masses Gaseous giant planets Planets with masses less than 30 Mearth Santos,Israelian, Mayor, 2001, A&A 373,1019 Mayor,Lovis,Santos 2014, Nature 513,328 What is the lowest mass for giant planet formation ? Santos et al. 2010,A&A 512,47 This ESO RV-survey to study southern exoplanets is unique : - span longer than 15 years - precision 1 m/s No overlap with the programme and opportunities offered by ESPRESSO Next steps with HARPS at La Silla - complete the mass-period-metallicity-eccentricity space. (long period, smaller masses, multiplanetary systems) >>>> constraints for planetary formation scenarii ( Benz,Alibert,Mordasini + Ida, Lin ) - to extend the search towards the domain of rocky planets (decrease the effect of stellar intrinsic jitter !!) - synergy with TESS, CHEOPS and PLATO (huge demand, (cf talk by S.Udry) .