I SEE/I THINK/I WONDER [GRADES 9–12 APPENDIX A] NAME: DATE: I SEE: I THINK: I WONDER: PICASSO: MASTERPIECES FROM THE MUSÉE NATIONAL PICASSO, PARIS CURRICULUM GUIDE | de Young Fine Arts Museum THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9–12 APPENDIX B] Painting is just another way of keeping a diary. —Pablo Picasso With an artistic career spanning eight decades, it is no surprise that Picasso has become one of the most !"#$%"&!'()'"*)+%((,-".+")'/&!0&0).1)2!0)&!3%4)52!(%)6!7'00.80)'/&)9'/!%*)+!*%(:)!")0&:(%).9%/)&2%):%'/0;)!&)+'0) always directly linked to the people, places, and current events in his life. Frequently his styles are broken *.+")!"&.)*!0&!"7&)<%/!.*04)=%(.+):.$)+!(()>"*)')?/!%1)?!.@/'<2:).1)&2%)'/&!0&;)02.+!"@)A$0&)2.+)3$72)2!0) environment and private life affected his artistic output. This rough outline highlights shifts in his artistic style. Yet, as you will see in the exhibition, he never completely abandoned any mode of expression, using many styles throughout his life. !" Pablo Picasso was born October 25, 1881, in Malaga, Spain. !" His father was an academic painter and an art professor in Barcelona. !" Picasso studied at a young age to paint in the academic tradition of using great technical skill to mimic reality BLUE PERIOD (1901–1904) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" In 1900, at age 19, Picasso attended the World’s Fair in !" Picasso’s canvases lacked bright colors and had a palette Paris. He would move back and forth between Spain and of mostly blues. Paris until 1904, when he moved to Paris permanently. !" He depicted marginalized people and outcasts of !" !"#$%&'#$(#)*+,$)#-&&.$/#0-1$-23#)$3"#$4'*5*,#$+2$"*4$ society, such as beggars and prostitutes. close friend and fellow artist Carles Casagemas in 1901. !" Paintings had a very somber mood. ROSE PERIOD (1904–1906) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" Picasso spent a summer in Gósol, a Catalan village, !" Picasso’s canvases used a palette of mostly pinks 6"*5"$6-4$)#7#53#,$*1$4+8#$+2$3"#$-)3$+2$3"#$3*8#9$ and oranges. A village dominated by red hues, this may be where Picasso found inspiration for his palette. !" Picasso painted street performers and other marginalized people, such as circus entertainers, !" Picasso lived up the street from the Medrano Circus, acrobats, clowns, and harlequins which served as inspiration for his subject matter. !" Picasso fell in love with Fernande Olivier in 1904. She 6-4$3"#$:)43$0)#-3$&+;#$+2$"*4$&*2#$-1,$4"#$+23#1$-<<#-)4$*1$ work created during their seven-year affair, which ended in September 1911. PICASSO: MASTERPIECES FROM THE MUSÉE NATIONAL PICASSO, PARIS CURRICULUM GUIDE | de Young Fine Arts Museum THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9–12 APPENDIX B] AFRICAN ART INFLUENCE/CUBIST PERIOD (1907–1915) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" In 1907 Picasso visited the Ethographic Museum of the !" Picasso began to incorporate African sculpture into his !)+5-,=)+>$(-)*4>$6"#)#$"#$,*45+;#)#,$3"#$-)3$+2$?2)*5-$ -)3>$4<#5*:5-&&.$8-4B49$C-5#4$/#5-8#$7-33#)$-1,$2-5*-&$ -1,$@5#-1*-9$A#$*4$"#-;*&.$*17'#15#,$/.$6"-3$"#$4##49 features more geometric. !" Picasso began to collect African art. !" From 1907–1915, especially from 1909–1914, Picasso worked closely with fellow artist Georges Braque to !" From 1907–1915, especially from 1909–1914, Picasso 5)#-3#$-$1#6$43.&#$5-&&#,$D'/*489$!"*4$43.&#$5"-&&#10#,$ worked closely with fellow artist Braque to create traditional representations of objects in space. Cubism. !" Cubism breaks objects down and reassembles them !" Braque and Picasso played off one another’s ideas, each from numerous points of view through space and time. *17'#15*10$3"#$+3"#)$3+$3-B#$3"#$43.&#$3+$1#6$<&-5#49$ If you were to take a picture of something from different viewpoints (top, bottom, side, etc.) and combine the !" Picasso fell in love with Eva Gouel and planned to marry views into one image, it would be Cubist. her; however, she became ill and died in 1915. Picasso incorporated her name into his Cubist works. !" Picasso and Braque stopped signing their works at this time because they liked the idea that their works were indistinguishable. !" !"#$-)3*434$-&4+$'4#,$1#6$8-3#)*-&4$*1$3"#*)$-)3$3+$5)#-3#$ collages and assemblages. NEOCLASSICISM AND LIFE WITH OLGA (1917–1924) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" In 1917, Picasso designed the set for a new ballet, !" In 1917 Picasso designed the set for a new Parade. He fell in love with one of the ballerinas, Olga ballet, Parade. Khokhlova, and married her the following year. !" After marrying Olga Khokhlova, Picasso moves !" !+0#3"#)>$3"#.$8+;#,$*13+$-$1*5#$-<-)38#13$-1,$/#0*1$ to a much more conservative style than Cubism, to live a bourgeois, middle-class lifestyle, very different E#+5&-44*5*48>$*17'#15#,$/.$-)3*434$4'5"$-4$F10)#49$ from the life Picasso had been living before this. It was a much more stable, conservative lifestyle for him. !" Neoclassicism was a more traditional art style that looked to classical Western art, such as that of the !" In 1921, Olga and Picasso had their only child, Paulo ancient Greek and Romans. (Paul). !" Picasso began to incorporate both his son and wife into his work. PICASSO: MASTERPIECES FROM THE MUSÉE NATIONAL PICASSO, PARIS CURRICULUM GUIDE | de Young Fine Arts Museum THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9–12 APPENDIX B] SURREALISM AND MARIE-THÉRÈSE WALTER (1925–1935) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" (*5-44+G4$8-))*-0#$/#0-1$3+$5)'8/&#9$A#$2#&3$,*44-3*4:#,$ !" Picasso’s art took another stylistic shift that was heavily with the lifestyle Olga desired, longing for the freer life he *17'#15#,$/.$3"#$S'))#-&*4349$ once had. !" Surrealists were interested in depicting dreams and the !" Picasso’s friend the poet Guillaume Apollinaire died subconscious mind. in 1918, and Picasso created different designs for a monument. !" L-)*#M!"=)N4#$+23#1$-<<#-)#,$*1$,*22#)#13$0'*4#4$*1$ Picasso’s art. !" F1$HIJK$(*5-44+$8#3$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$O-&3#)$6"#1$4"#$ 6-4$HK$-1,$"#$6-4$PQ9$!"#.$/#0-1$-$,#5-,#M&+10$-22-*)>$ !" During the summer of 1928 Picasso created many which they kept hidden for many years due to her youth images of bathers and beach scenes. and Picasso’s marriage. !" A#$5)#-3#,$8-1.$*8-0#4$+2$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$O-&3#)$ !" F1$HIJR>$(*5-44+$4#5)#3&.$/)+'0"3$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$+1$"*4$ reading or sleeping, always with her blonde hair. family vacation. !" (*5-44+$<-*13#,$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$6*3"$<-43#&$5+&+)4$-1,$ !" !"#.$5+'&,$1+$&+10#)$"*,#$3"#*)$)#&-3*+14"*<$6"#1$L-)*#M curved lines. !"=)N4#$/#5-8#$<)#01-13$6*3"$(*5-44+G4$4#5+1,$5"*&,>$ !" !"#$-)3*43$-3$"*4$#-4#&$/#5-8#$-$)#5'))*10$3"#8#9 Maya, in 1935. !" F17'#15#,$/.$3"#$S'))#-&*434>$(*5-44+$/#0-1$3+$8-B#$ !" Picasso worked with Julio González, a wire sculptor, to found-object sculptures with the help of Julio González. create sculptures that appear two-dimensional in three- dimensional forms. THE WAR YEARS (1935–1945) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" In 1935 Picasso was introduced to Surrealist artist Dora !" Picasso depicted Dora Maar much differently than he L--)9$!"#.$/#0-1$-1$-22-*)9$T+)-$-1,$L-)*#M!"=)N4#$ ,*,$L-)*#M!"=)N4#9$L--)$*4$4"+61$6*3"$4"-)<$-10&#4>$ quickly became aware of one another’s existence in acidic colors, and red nails. Picasso’s life. !" O*3"$3"#$/+8/*10$+2$U'#)1*5->$(*5-44+$5)#-3#,$"*4$:)43$ !" Dora Maar was associated with a left wing political overtly political work, Guernica, for the 1937 World’s Fair <-)3.$-1,$6-4$;#).$<+&*3*5-&&.$*1;+&;#,9$!"*4$*17'#15#$ in Paris. encouraged Picasso to become more politically active himself. !" As a result of wartime, Picasso’s work became more politically driven psychologically darker. !" On April 26, 1937, amid the Spanish Civil War (1936– 1939), the Basque village of Guernica was bombed. !" Picasso painted many “Weeping Women” who are "#-;*&.$*17'#15#,$/.$T+)-$L--)9 !" Picasso was exiled from Spain during this time due to his political condemnation of Francisco Franco, the dictator of Spain. !" World War II dominated European events from 1939–1945. PICASSO: MASTERPIECES FROM THE MUSÉE NATIONAL PICASSO, PARIS CURRICULUM GUIDE | de Young Fine Arts Museum THE LIFE OF PICASSO [GRADES 9–12 APPENDIX B] PICASSO’S FINAL YEARS (1943–1973) WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S LIFE? WHAT’S HAPPENING IN PICASSO’S ART? !" Picasso met Françoise Gilot in 1943 and had two !" !"#$/*)3"4$+2$(*5-44+G4$5"*&,)#1$-1,$"*4$1#6$)#&-3*+14"*<4$ children with her—Claude in 1947 and Paloma in 1949. with women brought a playfulness back to his art that had been missing during the war years. !" After World War II, Picasso lived in the South of France, buying many homes, including La Californie, Cannes, !" He introduced new characters to his work, such as which appears in many of his paintings. 8'4B#3##)4>$-1,$6-4$*17'#15#,$/.$3"#$0)#-3$8-43#)4$ such as Rembrandt van Rijn, Francisco de Goya, and !" Françoise left Picasso in 1953. Diego Velázquez. !" Picasso met Jacqueline Roque in 1952, and the two !" Picasso painted variations of many works by great remained together until the end of the artist’s life.