Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Education Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Community Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit Social Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Education Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Community Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit Social Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Prac- titioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Education Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Commu- nity Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit Social Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Education Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Community Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit Social Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Education Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Community Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit So- cial Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Integration Education Community Development Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic Institutions Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy Action-based Organization Social and Environmental Problems Environmental Justice Social Justice Real-world Problem Solving Service-learning models Landscape Architect Professional Educa- tion Collective Past and Future Teaching Research and Service Civic and Social Responsibility Academic Community Public Issues Shared Problems Ethical Action Civic Engagement Off-campus Partners Social Amelioration Public Benefit Social Capital Potential Collaborations Health Care Urban Development Transportation Justice Immigrants and Minorities Building Power Civil Rights Power Dynamics Participatory Research Mutual benefits of students Academic InstitutionsENGAGED Social Problems Local Communities Organizations Practitioners Policy Makers Practical Research Local Knowledge Community-based Action Awareness Social Impact Non-profit Advocacy SCHOLARSHIP CONFERENCECONFERENCE PROCEEDINGSPROCEEDINGS AbstractsAbstracts ofof PresentedPresented PapersPapers Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture 2019 Annual Conference March 6 - 9 Sacramento, CA. University of California Davis ENGAGED SCHOLARSHIP Conference Proceedings: Abstracts of Presented Papers Program of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Design Department of Human Ecology University of California, Davis Published by Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture www.thecela.org Patsy Eubanks Owens, Editor Yiwei Huang, Editorial Assistant Meaghan Lidd, Editorial Assistant Calin Mason, Editorial Assistant University of California, Davis Copyright © 2019 all rights reserved Printed in the United States of America Notice of Rights All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture. Notice of Liability The information in this book is distributed on an “as is” basis, without warranty. While every precaution has been taken in its preparation, neither the author nor the Council of Educators in Landscape Architecture shall have any liability to any person or entity with respect to any loss or damage caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly by any text contained in this book. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CONFERENCE PLANNING COMMITTEE Patsy Eubanks Owens (committee chair) Professor and Program Head Elizabeth Boults Meaghan Lidd Senior Lecturer LA+ED Program Coordinator David de la Peña Marilyn MacCrakin Assistant Professor Event Planning Haven A. Kiers James Wilson Assistant Professor System Administrator N. Claire Napawan Yiwei Huang Associate Professor Graduate Assistant Michael Rios Calin Mason Professor Graduate Assistant Marq Truscott Cory Parker Lecturer and Principal of Atlas Lab Graduate Assistant CELA EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE Charlene LeBleu, President Jun-Hyun Kim, Secretary & Vice-President for Auburn University Communications Outreach & Publications Michigan State University Mark Boyer, Past President Louisiana State University Paul Voos, Treasurer Morgan State University Ashley Steffens, Vice-President University of Georgia Peter Kralka, Executive Director IMI Association Executives Hala Nassar, Second Vice-President Clemson University Galen D. Newman, Vice President for Research & Creative Scholarship Texas A&M University TRACK CHAIRS ENGAGED SCHOLARSHIP HISTORY, THEORY + CULTURE Mallika Bose Lisa Orr Pennsylvania State University, USA West Virginia University, USA [email protected] [email protected] David de la Peña Stefania Staniscia University of California-Davis, USA West Virginia University, USA [email protected] [email protected] Benjamin Spencer Judith Wasserman University of Washington, USA West Virginia University, USA [email protected] [email protected] COMMUNICATION + VISUALIZATION LANDSCAPE PERFORMANCE Jon D. Hunt Christopher D. Ellis Kansas State University, USA University of Maryland, USA [email protected] [email protected] Bambi L. Yost Taner R. Ozdil Iowa State University, USA University of Texas at Arlington, USA [email protected] [email protected] DESIGN EDUCATION + PEDAGOGY LANDSCAPE PLANNING + ECOLOGY Benjamin George Chingwen Cheng Utah State University, USA Arizona State University, USA [email protected] [email protected] Matthew Powers Dongying Li Clemson University, USA Texas A&M University, USA [email protected] [email protected] Ashley Steffens Utah State University, USA [email protected] PEOPLE–ENVIRONMENT RELATIONSHIPS Deni Ruggeri Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Norway DESIGN IMPLEMENTATION [email protected] Paul Coseo Ole Sleipness Arizona State University, USA Utah State