Vascular Flora Santa Rosa, California Greg de Nevers Third Edition, 2013 Revised January 2016 Edited by Peggy Rockwood, Michelle Halbur, Michael Gillogly Greg de Nevers ([email protected]) was born and raised in the San Francisco Bay area. He earned a B.A. in Environmental Studies (1980) at U.C. Santa Cruz. His senior thesis was a flora of the Kingston Range, an isolated mountain range in the eastern Mojave Desert. After college, Mr. de Nevers spent a year teaching biology at Kuskokwim Community College, Bethel, Alaska. He spent three years in San Blas, Panama documenting the plants of the Kuna Indians. Mr. de Nevers worked for the California Academy of Sciences for thirteen years as Pepperwood's Resident Biologist. He then worked four years as the Resident Biologist at Audubon Canyon Ranch in Marin County, CA. Mr. de Nevers has done botanical field work in Tanzania, Madagascar, Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Mexico. He moved to Portland, Oregon in 2002. After a few years working as a natural resource consultant he attended Lewis & Clark College where he earned an M.A. in teaching. He has spent the last four years teaching biology and is currently with the Modern English School Cairo, Egypt. First edition published 1985, California Academy of Sciences, Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, California 94118. Second edition published 2006, Pepperwood Foundation, 3450 Franz Valley Road, Santa Rosa, California 95404. Third edition published 2013, Pepperwood Foundation, 2130 Pepperwood Preserve Road, Santa Rosa, California 95404. Contributing Editors: Peggy Rockwood, Science Lab Instructional Assistant, Santa Rosa Junior College [email protected] Michelle Halbur, M.S., Preserve Ecologist, Pepperwood Preserve [email protected], 707-591-9310 Michael Gillogly, Preserve Manager, Pepperwood Preserve [email protected], 707-591-9310 Contents Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................. iii 2013 Editor Revisions ........................................................................................................................... iii Place Name Map .................................................................................................................................... v Place Names .........................................................................................................................................vii INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................ 1 PLANT COMMUNITIES ............................................................................................................................ 2 DOUGLAS-FIR FOREST ................................................................................................................................. 3 REDWOOD FOREST ...................................................................................................................................... 3 MIXED HARDWOOD FOREST ....................................................................................................................... 4 OAK WOODLAND ........................................................................................................................................ 5 RIPARIAN WOODLAND ................................................................................................................................ 7 MIXED CHAPARRAL .................................................................................................................................... 8 SERPENTINE CHAPARRAL ............................................................................................................................ 9 GRASSLAND .............................................................................................................................................. 10 ADDITIONAL PLANT HABITATS .........................................................................................................12 ROCK OUTCROPS ....................................................................................................................................... 12 SPRINGS .................................................................................................................................................... 12 MARSHES .................................................................................................................................................. 13 PONDS ....................................................................................................................................................... 13 VERNAL POOLS ......................................................................................................................................... 14 DISTURBED AREAS .................................................................................................................................... 15 HOMESTEADS ............................................................................................................................................ 16 FIRE .............................................................................................................................................................18 RARE PLANTS ...........................................................................................................................................19 SPECIES ACCOUNTS ...............................................................................................................................20 LYCOPHYTES ............................................................................................................................................. 20 FERNS........................................................................................................................................................ 20 GYMNOSPERMS ......................................................................................................................................... 22 FLOWERING PLANTS: MAGNOLIIDS ........................................................................................................... 23 FLOWERING PLANTS: CERATOPHYLLALES ................................................................................................ 24 FLOWERING PLANTS: EUDICOTS ............................................................................................................... 24 FLOWERING PLANTS: MONOCOTS ............................................................................................................. 63 APPENDIX A: CULTIVATED TAXA .....................................................................................................74 APPENDIX B: TAXA ON NEIGHBORING PROPERTIES .................................................................77 APPENDIX C: INVASIVE AND NOXIOUS WEEDS ............................................................................81 References ........................................................................................................................................... 83 Plant Index .......................................................................................................................................... 85 Acknowledgments The author, Mr. Greg de Nevers, would like to thank George Lindsay for having the vision to see this project started and the commitment to see it finished. Thanks to Tom Howell for enduring unending interruptions with the same question—―Tom, do you recognize this plant?‖—and for identifying Carex specimens. Mr. de Nevers thanks all the people at the Botany Department of the California Academy of Sciences for their support, encouragement, and material aid. Thanks to Mary Susan Taylor for her suggestions and for typing the original manuscript. Thanks to Dan Warrick for carefully editing the original manuscript. Thanks to Michael Gillogly for coordinating the production of the second edition, including digitizing the manuscript, entering additions, and changing names to conform to The Jepson Manual (Hickman 1993). Thanks to Gary Hundt for producing the index. Thanks to Ann Howald for many helpful corrections and suggestions. Lastly, Mr. de Nevers would like to thank Maggie and David Cavagnaro who helped him get started with flowers by handing him a dissecting scope and a copy of Munz and Keck (1958) instead of telling him the names of plants. 2013 Editor Revisions The publication of the Pepperwood vascular flora, 3rd edition, was primarily spurred by the arrival of The Jepson Manual, Second Edition (Baldwin et al. 2012), which included extensive taxonomic revisions and additions to the California Flora. It was the goal of the editors to conserve the botanical and natural history information included in the previous flora editions. The current edition has been revised to reflect updated place name information, to include species that have been observed since 2006 and only those that are found on the preserve. A preserve map with place names is included on page v. Included in the back of the flora are appendices listing cultivated taxa associated with the preserve homestead sites (Appendix A), a brief reference to plants found on neighboring properties originally included in the flora (Appendix B), and a list of invasive and noxious weeds found on the preserve (Appendix C). iii Place Name Map v Place Names The northern limit of the study area represented