ORIGINAL AND TRANSCRIBED ETUDE BOOKS FOR VIOLA: A REFERENCE GUIDE FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS by ULISSES CARVALHO DA SILVA (Under the Direction of Dorothea Link and Mark Cedel) ABSTRACT This dissertation examines the etudes most commonly used by violists, both violin etudes transcribed for the viola, and viola etudes. The 354 etudes examined here are contained in the well known books by Rodolphe Kreutzer, Franz Anton Hoffmeister, Federigo Fiorillo, Antonio Bartolomeo Bruni, Bartolomeo Campagnoli, Pierre Rode, Jacques-Féréol Mazas, Heinrich Ernst Kayser, Jakob Dont, Johannes Palaschko, and Lillian Fuchs. No comprehensive guides exist that looks at them as a group and identifies the pedagogical and artistic merits of each. This dissertation undertakes a systematic analysis of these etude books and their contents, ranking each etude by level of difficulty and analyzing the specific viola techniques addressed in each etude. The text describes the etudes chronologically, and the tables in the appendix summarize the etudes by level and technique. This analysis has led to the observation that violin etudes focus on developing the technical aspect of playing, while viola etudes tend to give greater emphasis to the compositional quality of the etudes. The general practice of using both the violin and viola etude books is shown to be justified. INDEX WORDS: Viola, Etudes, Study, Caprices, Viola Etudes, Viola Treatises, Etude Analysis, Viola Pedagogy, Heinrich Ernst Kayser, Johannes Palaschko, Jakob Dont, Jacob Dont, Antonio Bartolomeo Bruni, Jacques-Féréol Mazas, Rodolphe Kreutzer, Franz Anton Hoffmeister, Federigo Fiorillo, Lillian Fuchs, Bartolomeo Campagnoli, Pierre Rode ORIGINAL AND TRANSCRIBED ETUDE BOOKS FOR VIOLA: A REFERENCE GUIDE FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS by ULISSES CARVALHO DA SILVA B.M., Sao Paulo State University, Brazil, 2003 M.M., The University of New Mexico, 2006 A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Hugh Hodgson School of Music in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF MUSICAL ARTS ATHENS, GEORGIA 2010 © 2010 Ulisses Carvalho da Silva All Rights Reserved ORIGINAL AND TRANSCRIBED ETUDE BOOKS FOR VIOLA: A REFERENCE GUIDE FOR TEACHERS AND STUDENTS by ULISSES CARVALHO DA SILVA Co-Major Professor: Dorothea Link Mark Cedel Committee: David Starkweather Milton Masciadri Roger Vogel Electronic Version Approved: Maureen Grasso Dean of the Graduate School The University of Georgia May 2010 DEDICATION To my wife Katia and our baby Julio Cesar for their unconditional love and support, patience and encouragement. For have laughed and cried with me. Thanks to both of you for making my life a happy one every day, I love you. iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude to friends, family, and colleagues, those who have aided me in the research and writing of this dissertation. Many thanks go to Editions Schott, G. Schirmer Music Publishers, Oxford University Press, and Edition Peters for granting me permission to reprint parts of their books in this document. I am especially grateful to my parents (in-laws included) and family, who have always been supportive in all my endeavors. They have always encouraged me to strive for excellence in all my undertakings. While not professional musicians, they have always been supportive of my work. Without their love, support, and encouragement, this dissertation might have never been completed. When times were bleakest, they were always there for me. Sincere thanks and appreciation go to Mr. Mark Cedel, Dr. Dorothea Link, Dr. Milton Masciadri, Dr. David Starkweather, and Dr. Roger Vogel, members of my doctoral committee, for their continued support and assistance throughout this long and arduous process. I thank them for their time and expert advice. A special thanks to Dr. Link, whose help and encouragement, after hours and hours reading it, made this document possible. A special thanks to my former teachers, and now friends, Dr. Emerson di Biaggi and Ms. Kimberly Fredenburg, whose encouragement, teaching, and support helped me to get to this point of my life. v My deep gratitude goes to Dr. Mark Neumann, former Professor of Viola. His enthusiasm for this subject and the help support he has given made this dissertation possible. During the past four years, he has been not only my teacher, but also a friend, always encouraging and supportive. Thanks to his wife Anna Ho, a friend ready to help in the rough times. I want to include in here many friends whose help and insight was invaluable, among them Dr. Donald Lowe, former director of the Hugh Hodgson School of Music; Dr. Susan Thomas, musicology professor at the same institution; Dinah Piotrowski, a great friend; and all the Brazilian students and their pairs, at the school of music. Thank you all. Last but, not in any way, least, I want to show my deepest gratitude and thanks to my wife, Katia Silva, for her help at all times, and to God for making all things possible. vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .............................................................................................................v LIST OF FIGURES ....................................................................................................................... xi LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... xvi NOTES TO THE READER........................................................................................................ xvii CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................1 Purpose of study ......................................................................................................1 Need for the study ...................................................................................................2 Methodology ...........................................................................................................3 2 HISTORICAL OVERVIEW ........................................................................................6 3 HEINRICH ERNST KAYSER ...................................................................................35 Biography ..............................................................................................................35 36 Elementary and Progressive Studies , Op. 20...................................................35 Analyses ................................................................................................................39 4 JOHANNES PALASCHKO .......................................................................................48 Biography ..............................................................................................................48 12 Studies for Viola , op. 55 ...................................................................................49 Analyses ................................................................................................................50 vii 5 JAKOB DONT............................................................................................................54 Biography ..............................................................................................................54 24 Studies Preparatory to Kreutzer and Rode Studies, Op. 37 ............................55 Analyses ................................................................................................................57 6 ANTONIO BARTOLOMEO BRUNI ........................................................................63 Biography ..............................................................................................................63 25 Studies for Viola ...............................................................................................64 Analyses ................................................................................................................66 7 JACQUES-FÉRÉOL MAZAS.....................................................................................73 Biography ..............................................................................................................73 Etudes Speciales , Op. 36 .......................................................................................74 Analyses ................................................................................................................79 8 JOHANNES PALASCHKO .......................................................................................86 20 Studies for Viola Solo , op. 36...........................................................................86 Analyses ................................................................................................................88 9 JACQUES-FÉRÉOL MAZAS....................................................................................94 Etudes Brillantes , Op. 36 ......................................................................................94 Analyses ................................................................................................................94 10 RODOLPHE KREUTZER .....................................................................................101 Biography ............................................................................................................101 42 Studies ............................................................................................................103 Analyses ..............................................................................................................112