European Union This project is co-funded by the European Union, Norwegian MFA, The Netherlands MFA, and Irish Aid / Bu proje Avrupa Birliği, Norveç Dışişleri Bakanlığı, Hollanda Dışişleri Bakanlığı ve Irlanda Yardım tarafından ortaklaşa finanse edilmektedir Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Yuvarlak Masa Toplantısı: Çatışma Çözümünde Uluslararası Deneyimlerden Çıkarılan Dersler Ankara, 28-30 September/Eylül 2018 Roundtable Meeting Report Yuvarlak Masa Toplantısı Raporu European Union This project is co-funded by the European Union, Norwegian MFA, The Netherlands MFA, and Irish Aid / Bu proje Avrupa Birliği, Norveç Dışişleri Bakanlığı, Hollanda Dışişleri Bakanlığı ve Irlanda Yardım tarafından ortaklaşa finanse edilmektedir Supporting inclusive dialogue at a challenging time in Turkey Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Ankara, 28-30 September 2018 Roundtable Meeting Report 3 Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Contents List of abbreviations .......................................................................6 Foreword ....................................................................................7 Opening remarks by Sally Holt, DPI Deputy Director ...............9 1st Session: “Ending the Conflict: Getting from here to there” with Sir Kieran Prendergast ......................................................16 Published by / Yayınlayan Democratic Progress Institute – Demokratik Gelişim Enstitüsü 2nd Session: The Philippines Case with Teresita Quintos Deles 11 Guilford Street and David Gorman ..................................................................44 London WC1N 1DH 3rd Session: The South African Experience with Roelf Meyer ...73 www.democraticprogress.org Closing remarks by Prof. Dr. Sevtap Yokuş, member of DPI’s [email protected] + 44 (0) 20 7405 3835 Council of Experts ...................................................................89 List of Participants....................................................................96 First published / İlk Baskı, 2018 ISBN – 978-1-911205-27-2 © DPI – Democratic Progress Institute / Demokratik Gelişim Enstitüsü DPI – Democratic Progress Institute is a charity registered in England and Wales. Registered Charity No. 1037236. Registered Company No. 2922108 DPI – Demokratik Gelişim Enstitüsü İngiltere ve galler’de kayıtlı bir vakıftır. Vakıf kayıt No. 1037236. Kayıtlı Şirket No. 2922108 This publication is copyright, but may be reproduced by any method without fee or prior permission for teaching purposes, but not for resale. For copying in any other circumstances, prior written permission must be obtained from the publisher, and a fee may be payable. Bu yayının telif hakları saklıdır, eğitim amacıyla telif ödenmeksizin yada önceden izin alınmaksızın çoğaltılabilir ancak yeniden satılamaz. Bu durumun dışındaki her tür kopyalama için yayıncıdan yazılı izin alınması gerekmektedir. Bu durumda yayıncılara bir ücret ödenmesi gerekebilir. 4 5 Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution List of abbreviations Foreword ANC – African National Congress This report provides an account of discussions which took place DDR – Disarmament, Demobilisation and Reintegration in Ankara on 29 September 2018 during the roundtable meeting DPI – Democratic Progress Institute on ‘Lessons learnt from international experiences of conflict FARC – Revolutionary Armed Forces of Columbia resolution’. A full transcript of the meeting is preceded by a short summary report which highlights some of the main themes and GAM – Free Aceh Movement findings arising from discussions. GPH – Government of the Philippines ICG – International Contact Group The meeting brought together a diverse group of more than 60 IHH – Humanitarian Relief Foundation participants including politicians and policy-makers, civil society IMT – International Monitoring Team actors, academics and media figures, to discuss experiences from IRA – Irish Republican Army peace and transition processes around the world, which offer useful MILF – Moro Islamic Liberation Front and relevant examples of principles, models and approaches that can guide conflict resolution and democratic advancement. Building MNLF – Moro National Liberation Front on the substantial body of learning and knowledge accumulated OIC – Organisation of Islamic Cooperation over more than six years of activities carried out by DPI, it PLO – Palestinian Liberation Organisation provided a timely opportunity to review and refresh memories and RENAMO – Mozambican National Resistance understanding of the benefits of peace and the nature of peace- SWAPO – South West African People’s Organisation making processes. It also served as reminder of the importance of TRC – Truth and Reconciliation Commission in South Africa preserving the foundations for inclusive dialogue between different UNITA – National Union for the Total Independence of Angola parties and different groups in society even in the most challenging times. While recognizing that every conflict is unique, participants had the opportunity to discuss challenges, opportunities and lessons learnt with prominent experts and key actors with direct experience of resolving conflict and making peace in South Africa, the Philippines and Northern Ireland. Distinguished speakers, former Chief Negotiator for the South African Government Roelf Meyer, former UN Under-Secretary General for Political Affairs Sir Kieran Prendergast, Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue’s Eurasia Regional 6 7 Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Director David Gorman, and former Presidential Advisor on the Opening remarks: Philippines Peace Process Teresita Quintos Deles shared insights Sally Holt, DPI Deputy Director and valuable policy and civil society perspectives from their own experiences. Sally Holt: Good morning Ladies and Gentlemen. On behalf of the Democratic Progress Institute, I would like to wish you a On behalf of DPI I would like to extend a sincere thank you to very warm welcome to this Roundtable on lessons learnt from all speakers for taking the time to share their invaluable insights international experiences of conflict resolution. and knowledge and with roundtable participants who greatly appreciated the depth and relevance of the case study examples My name is Sally Holt, I’m Deputy Director at DPI and I’m standing provided. The opportunity to come together with others from in today for our CEO, Mr Kerim Yildiz, who unfortunately is not different backgrounds and perspectives in the current challenging able to join us today due to some last-minute developments. He political and social climate in Turkey was also welcomed by sends his sincere apologies and best wishes for what we hope will participants – and serves to underline the vital importance of be an interesting and useful meeting. continuing to provide such inclusive platforms for knowledge exchange, comparative learning and constructive dialogue among This is something of a landmark occasion for DPI as we have different constituencies in the country. never held an event on this scale before in Turkey. It is actually larger than we originally anticipated due to the great responses we This Roundtable was one in a series of activities planned in had from all of you, which is really valuable and encouraging for the context of the project: ‘Supporting inclusive dialogue at a us. We are delighted to see so many familiar faces from previous challenging time in Turkey’ with the generous support of the EU events and some new faces and to welcome such a mixed group and the Irish, Netherlands and Norwegian governments. I would of participants. As prominent public figures and influencers in like to extend thanks to all our funders for making this event society, we hope that you will not only contribute your own great possible. Thanks also go to the DPI team in London and Turkey experience and expertise but can also take away the learning and who delivered this activity, and to DPI intern Marwan Nadim for messages from our discussions today and share them with your his assistance in preparing this report. colleagues, constituents and wider professional and social circles. What we wanted to do with this meeting is to review and refresh our memories and understanding of the benefits of peace and the nature of peace-making processes. We also wanted to remind Kerim Yildiz ourselves of the importance of preserving the foundations for Chief Executive Officer dialogue between different parties and different groups in society, Democratic Progress Institute even in the most difficult times. 8 9 Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Roundtable on Lessons Learnt from International Experiences of Conflict Resolution Of course, Turkey is an experienced country when it comes to provide platforms where people can come together to discuss openly conflict resolution, both internally and internationally. We will hear and constructively. Sometimes, like today, we welcome participants later today about the international contact group that supported from a broad range of political, social, economic, religious and the peace process in Mindanao in the Philippines, of which