HE RITA G E O F INDIA . ZARIAH The Right Reverend V S A , Bishop of Dornakal . AR UHAR . ITT . J N F " , M A , D L Alr a u lish d e dy p b e . Th f B u h e e a r K . M A. H o dd s m . S AU S . t i I NDER , R As ok . D M . M P M . M . a E V . A A HA L . J C I , , In a di n a n n . r n a Y B c l OW Ca lcu ta . P i ti g P i ip PERC R N , t Ka n r r r RE . E B . ese e a u . R a L e V . A it t P ICE , n s u n r aration S u bjects p roposed a d volu me de p rep . A KRIT A D R R S N S N P ALI LITE AT U E . M O ord H mns r h V d A . A . A LL O . r . y f om t e e a s . P o f CD NE , xf n h r . ro . LA A t olo gy o f M a hayana Lite ra tu e P f . L DE VALLEE ou e Gh e n . P s , t M A h S e le c r h h ST R . D m n a d . W e l . ons o t e U a s s . ti f p i F J E E N , i M M . A P S cen e s r m R m n M S O SO . H D o th a a . A . f e a ay J E RI N . , , Oxford . S l c n M h h e e tio s from th e a ab ara ta . TH I E PH LO S OPHIE S . Th h l s h f h n h e P i o op y o t e Up a is a d s . ’ K M A. l Sa n ka ra s V e dan a . A . S HARMA . a a a . t , , P ti ' R n ama u ja s Ve dan ta . B h Th e u dd is t S ys tem . E ART AND M I FIN U S C . n d a n Ar ch r B A M r d . I e c u e . R L . E W G . a a s i it t . IN , , n d i u Z M I an S c l t re . P r n c l W M o d a MBR a u ra . p u i ip , , u , B A . r . In d a n M u s c . H . A . P OPLE Y . E o d e i i , , B Ar . n O u Th M n or s r c a l Y W Ca lc a . e i t P i ip PERC R N , tt In dian Co in s . E M I I IA B IO GRAPHIE S O F N EN T ND N S . h . A K . M . R n n G au a ma B u dd a . S AU S a o o . t J NDER , , g Raman u ja . M A . l Ak ar . V . S LA K . C a c u a . b F C , , tt h B . A . M E . B r D . K . H . L a o e . Tu lsi as . S D U TTA , , , C , VE RN AC ULAR LITE RAT URE . P P E Y B r A A . l . L . E o d Th e Ku rra . H O , , e M . n d f h A i r . P A mns o t e a s . E . HILL S . a A S Hy d y G P I , , FR NCI SB Y an lor K B a e . ING UR , g h r Hymns of t e Alva s . M - - TAM BYAH . A r . w T u m n a va ISAA . B r . n n . ay a C , , a a t La , P e a g Hymn s o f Hin d u stan . BE R P . D B rh h n mn s . T R G M u rs Ch a a a H O S U S H . e a m or e d it y y , , p , i a ba d . h A h n L M M . M a ra i a s . N O A OL . A D . L TT . o on a . t b g IC CNIC , , I , P G u j a rati Hym ns . ORIE O VERN AC AR ITE R T RE HIS T S F UL L A U . A l . D . S B en a i . O Ca m r d e . g J NDER N , b i g G u j ar ati . BO V B n H n di . W A S e a re s . i IN GRE E , N L h . O D M a ra i A OL M . A . 1 M . L r r . o o n a . t IC CNIC , , , P m A K B B Ta l . S GS Y n U a a lor e . i FR NCI IN R , g Te lu gu . B nh l . K n se A . A . d S a e . H S a . i PERER , , y EDITO RIAL P REF ACE n a ll re h re n wh a soe e r th n s a r e r u e Fi y , b t , t v i g t , wh a so e e r h n s a re h on ou r a b le h a s oe e r h n s t v t i g , w t v t i g a r e u s ha soe e r h n s a re u r e wh a s oe e r j t, w t v t i g p , t v h n s a re lo e l h a s o e e r h n s a r e o f o od t i g v y , w t v t i g g r e or h e r e b e a n r u e a n d h e re b e a n p t ; if t y vi t , if t y ra s e h n k on h e s e th n s . p i , t i t i g No section of the population of India can afford to In neglect her ancient heritage . her literature , philosop hy , art , and regulated life there is much that is worthless , much also that is distinctly unhealthy ; yet the treasures of knowledge , wisdom , and beauty which they contain are too u precious to be lost . Every citizen of India needs to se them , i f he is to be a cultured modern Indian . This is as Z true of the Christi an , the Muslim , the oroastrian as of the Hindu . But , while the heritage of India has been largely explored by scholars , and the results of their toil are laid u s out for in their books , they cannot be said to be really available for the ordinary man . The volumes are in most cases expensive , and are often technical and difficult . Hence this series of cheap books has been planned by a group of Christi an men , in order that every educated Indian , whether rich or poor , may be able to find his way ’ n into the treasures of India s past . Many Europea s , both u se in India and elsewhere , will doubtless be glad to the series . The utmost care is being taken by the General Editors in selecting writers , and in passing manuscripts for the press . To every book two tests are rigidly applied : every thing must be scholarly , and everything must be sympathetic . The purpos e is to bring the best out of the ancie nt treasuries , so that it may be known , enjoyed , and use d . THE HERITAGE O F INDIA SAMKHYA SYSTEM A Histo ry o f the S a mkIfya Philo sop hy IE D ITH D L1 KE TT. A . BERR A LE , . - - O F THE IN NER TE M PLE B ARRI e R Ar LAW , REOIU S PR OF E S S OR or SAN S K RIT AN D C OM PARATI VE PHILOLOGY Ar THE UNIVER S ITY or E DI N BU R GH . TRAN S LATOR or THE TAITTIRIYA AM HITA E r c . S , CALCUTTA : ASSOCIATION PRES S LONDON : O" FORD UN IVERS ITY PRESS NE W YO RK TORON TO M E LB O URN E , , , B OMB AY AND M AD RAS CONTE NTS P 1. S AM KHYA IN THE U ANISADS S B II . AMKHYA AND UDDHISM T HE P E P III . P HILO SO PHY O THE GREAT IC AND THE ORIGIN O F S AMKHYA IV S AMKHYA AND YOGA THE A V . S STI TANTRA I V . G REEK PHILO SOP HY AND THE S AMKHYA V I I . THE S AMKHYA KARIKA III THE V . LATER S AMKHYA INDE" THE S AMKHYA IN THE UP ANIS A D S IN all the manifold character of the content of the Upani sads it is undoubtedly possible to trace certain i .