Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment for Recovery and Reconstruction: Madagascar i Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment for Disaster Recovery and Reconstruction after the 2008 Cyclone Season in Madagascar Cyclone Fame, Ivan and Jokwe in Madagascar Antananarivo May 2008 A Report prepared by the Government of Madagascar with the support of the United Nations and The World Bank Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment for Recovery and Reconstruction: Madagascar iii Acknowledgements This report was prepared by a joint team comprising the Government of Madagascar and members of the International Community, including The World Bank and United Nations Agencies. In the weeks following Cyclone Fame and Ivan, initial damage assessments were conducted by the Government of Madagascar, UN agencies, and NGOs as a basis for the immediate response and short- term recovery. The authors of this Joint Damage, Losses and Needs Assessment (JDLNA) report worked closely with the involved actors. This report builds on their figures and documents of Cyclone Fame and Ivan’s impacts. The JDLNA greatly benefited from the initial evaluations and the team would like to express their thanks and appreciation. The management team composed by Government team leaders and International community team leaders coordinated the JDLNA. The team from the Government of Madagascar was led by Colonel Jean Rakotomalala (BNGRC, within the Ministry of Interior) and Lt Colonel Mamy Razakanaivo (CPGU, within the Prime Minister’s Office). The international community team for the JDLNA was led by Sofia Bettencourt (World Bank), Roberto Jovel (GFDRR) and Jean Marie Stratigos (UN/OCHA/UNDP-BCPR). The management team was supported by a Secretariat that included: Dia Styvanley Soa (BNGRC), Haja Aimé Andriamialiharison (CPGU), Hasimahery Randrianasolo (World Bank), Tiana Mahefasoa Randrianalijaona (World Bank), Andoniaina Ratsimamanga (World Bank), and Rija Rakotoson (UN/OCHA). The international community core team included: Francis Muraya (GFDRR), Doekle Wielinga (GFDRR), Christophe Legrand (UNDP/BCPR), Antonio Cruciani (ILO), Mukhul Bhola (ILO), Mito Tsukamoto (ILO), Jahal de Meritens (United Development Program-UNDP/ Bureau for Crisis Prevention and Recovery- BCPR), Houssein Khalali (UNDP/BCPR), Georges Lamoure (World Bank), Martien Van der Wal (CPGU), and John Harding (United Nations International Strategy for Disaster Reduction-UNISDR). The team from the Government of Madagascar, fully involved in the field assessment and the report writing, included: Rakotosamimanana (Fund of Investment for Development-FID), Eloi Ramarovelo, Jean de Matha Rakotoarivo (Ministry of Transport), Andry Avotraniaina Rabearivelo, Evariste Andriamamonjy (Ministry of Transport/Madagascar Road Authority), Razafimahafaly (Ministry of Public Works and Meterology), Harisoa Rateloson (Ministry of Decentralization and Territorial Management attached to the Presidency), Rajaonirina Ranarifidy (Water and Electricity of Madagascar-JIRAMA), Dominique Randriamamory (Ministry of Energy and Mining), Hery Ramananjanahary (Ministry of Post Office, Telecommunication and Communication), François Randriamialison (Ministry of Education and Scientific Research), Honoré Razafindrakoto, Vololoniaina Manuella, Jacqueline Ravaoharisoa (Ministry of Health, Family Planning and Social Protection), Josia Rajaobelison (National Nutrition Office-ONN), Victor Randriana (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries), Alfredo Tsaramody (Ministry of Economy, Commerce and Industry), Lalanirina Ranaivoharisoa (Ministry of Environment, Water, Forestry and Tourism-Directorate General of Tourism), Herivololona Ralalarimanana (Ministry of Environment, Water, Forestry and Tourism), Régis Rakotomanana Andrianaivo, Lanto Rasoloelison, Onintsoa Raoelison, Bako Ravelonanosy (Ministry of Finance and Budget), Raymond Randriatahina, Lantosoa Rasolondrazao, Jaotiana Rasolomamonjy, Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment for Recovery and Reconstruction: Madagascar iv Avotraina, Camille Rakotondrazaka (BNGRC / Ministry of Interior), Harisoa Rajaobelison (Permanent Steering Committee for the Action Plan for Rural Development - EPP/PADR at Prime Minister’s Office), Nimbol Raelinera, Sahondrarilala Raveloarisoa, Marie Louise Rakotondrafara (Ministry of Public Works and Meteorology), Misa Ralijaona (CPGU / Prime Ministers Office), Hantarimino Rakotomanana (National Environment Office-ONE), Delphin Rakotomanana Andriamihaja (National Institute of Statistics-INSTAT), Colonel Edmond Randriamanantsoa (Ministry of Interior) and Victor Randrianandrasana (Malagasy Red Cross). An international multi-agency group fully participated also in the JDNLA exercise and contributed to the report: Jacky Roland Randimbiarison, Andréa Cippa (United Nations Children’s Fund-UNICEF), Arthur Lamina (World Health Organization-WHO), Marson Rafaliarivo (United Nations Industrial Development Organization-UNIDO), Haingo Rajaobelison (Food and Agriculture Organization-FAO), Tojo Ramanankirahina, Olivier Jenn-Treyer, Patrice Rakotoniaina, Bienvenu Rajaonson, Stefano Paternostro, Laza Razafiarison, Noro Aina Andriamihaja, Ando Raobelison, Pierre Graftieaux, Patrick Ramanantoanina (World Bank). The core team is very grateful to all of the above mentioned contributors as well as the Regional and District authorities, the decentralized ministry departments, and the members of the CRIC for their inputs. The team also benefited the insight of staff from various other line ministries and agencies: Fridah Raveloson (Ministry of Energy and Mining), Isabelle Andriamanalina (Ministry of Health, Family Planning and Social Protection), Julien Andriamahazo, Rakotonarivo Andrianandrasana (Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Fisheries), Randriamanana Andrianapizato (Society of Equipment and Real Estate of Madagascar-SEIMAD), Joachim Rasolofonirina (National Association for the Management of Protected Area-ANGAP), Louis Razanajoelina (CARITAS NGO), Lalaina Rabemananjara (National Tourism Office), Jenny R. (National Nutrition Office), Maherisoa Rakotonindrainy (World Food Program-WFP), Patricia Ramarojaona (United Nations Development Program-UNDP), Tahiry Ramanantsoa (UN Habitat), Dominique Brunet (United Nations Children’s Fund-UNICEF), Jacqueline Uwamwiza (European Commission), Solonirina Ranaivojaona (United States Agency for International Development-USAID). The team is also grateful to Rondro Rajaobelison, Olivier Andrianavalona, Hery Rakotondrazaka, and Andry Ranarivelo for their administrative and logistical support during the JDLNA mission. Finally, the team wishes to express their sincere appreciation to Xavier Leus, Resident Coordinator of the UN System in Madagascar, and to Robert Blake, World Bank Country Manager for Madagascar. Their strong and joint support for the JDLNA was essential to ensuring its ultimate success. Photographs used in this publication are taken by the JDLNA Team and Government staff. Special appreciation goes out to the Government of Norway for the financial support to the JDLNA. Damage, Loss, and Needs Assessment for Recovery and Reconstruction: Madagascar v Table of Contents Foreword .................................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................iii Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ viii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................. xi Glossary ................................................................................................................................................... xiv Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................. 17 Part A: Impact of the Disaster ........................................................................ 22 Section I: The Disaster ..................................................................................................... 23 Tropical Cyclones Fame, Ivan and Jokwe ............................................................................................ 24 The Human Toll ................................................................................................................................... 27 The Immediate Response .................................................................................................................... 28 Social and Economic Background of the Affected Area ...................................................................... 30 Section II: Estimation of Damage and Losses ................................................................. 32 Methodology ....................................................................................................................................... 33 Summary of Damage and Losses ......................................................................................................... 34 Social Sectors ......................................................................................................................................