Contents Pages Pages Introduction ......................................................v • The coming of Islam to Sindh ................ 87 Lesson plans .............................................. 89 Unit 1: The Earth and the Worksheet .................................................. 92 Environment • Muslim rule in the subcontinent ............. 93 Sample Test Paper, Unit 3 ......................... 94 • Our country and the world ........................ 2 Lesson plans .............................................. 95 Lesson plans ................................................ 4 Worksheets .................................................. 6 • The physical features of Pakistan Unit 4: Citizenship and their importance ................................. 8 Lesson plans .............................................. 10 • Being a hero or heroine .........................100 Worksheets ................................................ 15 Lesson plans .............................................102 Worksheet .................................................105 • Population................................................. 21 Lesson plans .............................................. 23 • Hakim Mohammad Said .........................108 Worksheets ................................................ 28 Lesson plans .............................................110 Worksheet .................................................112 • The land and people of Pakistan ........... 32 Sample Test Paper, Unit 1 ......................... 34 • The rights and responsibilities Lesson plans .............................................. 35 of citizens ................................................113 Worksheets ................................................ 43 Lesson plans .............................................115 Worksheets ...............................................118 Unit 2: Map-reading Skills • Allama Iqbal .............................................120 • Globes and maps ..................................... 51 Lesson plans .............................................122 Lesson plans .............................................. 52 Worksheets ...............................................124 • Real places on maps ............................... 54 • Getting along with others ......................126 Sample Test Paper, Unit 4 ........................127 • Features of maps ..................................... 54 Lesson plans .............................................128 Sample Test Paper, Unit 2 ......................... 55 Worksheets ...............................................130 Lesson plans .............................................. 56 Worksheets ................................................ 60 Unit 5: Lifestyles Unit 3: Our Past and Our Present • It is all about choices and decisions ..........................................132 • Long, long ago ......................................... 62 Lesson plans .............................................134 Lesson plans .............................................. 64 Worksheet .................................................136 Worksheets ................................................ 68 • Choosing goods and services ...............137 • Early civilizations in Pakistan ................. 72 Lesson plan ..............................................139 Lesson plans .............................................. 74 Worksheet .................................................140 Worksheets ................................................ 77 • Communication .......................................141 • Our past .................................................... 81 Sample Test Paper, Unit 5 ........................143 Lesson plans .............................................. 83 Lesson plans .............................................144 Worksheets ................................................ 85 Worksheets ...............................................146 1 iii INTRODUCTION Know Your World is a comprehensive set of The CONTENT textbooks for Social Studies in Pakistan for The textbooks are divided into a number of units Classes 1 to 5. This five-level course, based on which are interlinked by topic and develop the Pakistan National Curriculum 2007, consists progressively through the series. of: • five Textbooks, The TeachiNG GUIDE—Page BY page • five Teaching Guides. lessoN Notes: The general approach is interactive and aims to These include: create in students an awareness of their • Previous knowledge (concepts with which surroundings and, above all, creativity. By the children are already familiar) time the students complete this course, they • New vocabulary which should be explained at should be observant and responsive in a the start of the lesson; the textbooks also have reasonable and responsible way and be prepared a glossary at the end. for the challenges of the future. • Learning objectives • Method (a) Introduction (b) Development (c) TeachiNG methoDologY Closure The learning method of children is different from • Assessment (a) Content Review (b) Going that of adults. This course is designed to satisfy Further (application) their needs. • Answer keys to the textbook tasks • Children focus on themselves and their • Sample test papers at the end of each unit immediate surroundings—they should be • Some suggestions to make a lesson provided the opportunity to exchange interactive information about themselves, their families, The time required for explanation and teaching homes, and friends. will vary according to the needs of your students. • Children learn by doing—activity-based Lesson planning should be done according to the learning encourages students to be responsive timetable period allocation. and creative. • Children learn and forget quickly— Some suggestions for making lessons interactive: reinforcement of the learning is very important I Questions: from time to time. • Children learn and work at different paces— • Using questions: ask questions at the end students should be given due attention and a of each sub-topic or theme. variety of activities. Following the questions, give students • Children should be encouraged to cooperate time to reply, sum up the topic, and move with their peers—information sharing should on. be encouraged. • Inviting students’ questions: encourage • Children learn holistically—every lesson students to ask questions throughout the should be engaged with real life and their lesson. environment. iv 1 • Assessing students’ learning from a There are different types of assessment. The lesson: students can be assessed by assessment applicable at primary level is mainly: asking them to write 2–3 important or 1. Formative and summative interesting things they have learnt in the 2. Objective and subjective lesson. 3. Informal and formal II Discussion: Formative assessment is generally carried out throughout a course and helps the teaching- Discussion is a valuable form of interaction learning process. This informal assessment can between students’ groups. They should be be based on feedback by peers and observation left to discuss, comment, or decide. Questions by teachers. are the best way to start a discussion. Give students time to think. Write down some Summative assessment is carried out at the end points to guide the discussion. Conclude the of a course, for example, term tests and discussion by summing up the answers of all examinations. These are formal assessments. the students. There are various types of objective and subjective questions. III Role play: Subjective assessment is a form of questioning Role play is characterization of the topic. which may have more than one correct answer. Students can learn the content by observing Subjective questions include extended answer and acting. tasks and essays. • Write a role play. Objective assessment is a form of questioning • Select players. which has a single, correct answer. Objective • Allow students time to read and understand question types include true/false answers, their roles. multiple choice, and multi-response and matching • Discuss and summarize the contents of questions. the role play. These definitions are given to help teachers with • Ask students to talk or write about the student assessment throughout the academic feelings, attitudes, and perspective of year. Sample test papers are also provided in the each character. Teaching Guides for this purpose. It is suggested that all components of Question I (subjective) IV Cooperative learning: carry 2 marks each while all components of Cooperative learning takes place when Question II (objective) should carry 1 mark each. students work in groups to enhance their own and each other’s learning. Thinking, writing, CONclUsioN pairing, and sharing are the four steps for Students will enjoy learning if they feel secure group study. about succeeding. Know Your World will give them a solid foundation for learning social assessmeNT studies, but please adapt its content to your own Assessment is the process of recording, usually situation as required—no book can replace a in measurable terms, the learning, knowledge, good mentor. and skills of the students. 1 1 Unit The Earth and 1 the Environment Our country and the world Basic facts about Pakistan: Official name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan Total area: 778,720 sq km Population: approx. 131 million (as per 1998 census), current is believed to be approx. 187 million State religion: Islam Currency: Pakistani Rupee National language: Urdu Official language: