Presentation on Development of Irrigation Infrastructure in Haryana RjRajeev Bansa l [email protected] Haryana I rrigation Depa rtment 1 Distribution of Water World over 20%2.50% 97.50% Oceans Freshwater Draft State Water Policy2 Distribution of Water World over 1% 30% 69% Ice Caps & Glaciers Groundwater Surfacewater Draft State Water Policy3 Indian Scenario • Total Annual Precipitation – 4000 Trillion liters • Total Water Reserve – 1853 Trillion liters • Total Usable Water – 1076 Trillion liters v Surface Water – 64% v Groundwater – 36% • Usage v Agriculture – 89% v Industry – 6% v Domestic – 5% • Crops v Wheat – 13% v Rice – 22% v Sugarcane – 23% • Rice, Wheat & Sugarcane – 90% of India’s Crop Production 4 Haryana State • Small state situated in north of India, which was carved out of the erstwhile state of Punjab in 1966. • Total area of the state is 4.4 million hectares • About 3.9 million hectare area is arable. • Not bestowed with any perennial river. • Agriculture is the main source of livelihood. 5 Some More Facts • Population of the state is about 25.3 million. • 75% of the population engaged in agriculture. • Agriculture sector is the major user of water - 85%. • 30-40% yields higher than national average. • About 80% arable lands served by canals. • Average itintens ityof iiirrigati on is 75%. 6 Water Resources in Haryana 7 Share of Water for Haryana in various rivers River Share in Availability Agreement BCM in BCM Yamuna 5. 730 11. 983 MOU b et ween part ner st at es (1994) Sutlej 5. 427 17. 281 Bhakra Nangal Agreement (1959) Ravi- Beas 4.724 26.409 As per the Ravi Beas Tribunal Report Total Share 15.881 56.173 8 Historical Background • The history of development of canal irrigation dates to 1351 AD, when Ferozshah Tughlak constructed Western Yamuna Canal. • The Mughal Emperor Akbar remodeled this canal in 1568 AD and Shahajahan extended this canal in 1626 AD. • The British reconstructed Western Yamuna Canal and made it serv ic eable in the per iod 1817-1823 AD. • Subsequently, Bhakra Dam was constructed which brought the waters of Sutlej River to the State through Bhakra Canal system. • Construction of Beas Sutlej Link augmented Bhakra reservoirs. 9 Canal System • Haryana has an extensive irrigation network • 59 main canals having length of about 1500 km • 1326 dist rib ut ari es & minors hihaving a lthlength of 12328 km • 200 pump houses commissioned in the Lift Schemes. • About 3.05 Mha is covered by surface irrigation with 14370 km length of the canal network 10 Canal System • Bhakra Canal system – 1.383 Mha CCA in the north- western and western parts of Haryana. • Western Yamuna Canals system – 0.970 Mha CCA in the north-eastern and central parts of Haryana. • Gurgaon Canal and Agra Canal systems – 0.139 Mha in south-eastern parts of Haryana. • Lift canals – 0.556 Mha insouth-western partsof Haryana bordering Rajasthan. 11 Development of Irrigation Infrastructure • Large ppjrojects of development of irrigation infrastructure after formation of Haryana. • Gurgaon Canal, Augmentation Canal & Lift Canals through State funds from 1966-1977. • Haryana Irrigation Project-I, II & NWMP funded by the World Bank 1977-1994. • HWRCP iititdinitiated in 1994 with major focus on rehabilitation of irrigation infrastructure. 12 Area in Million Hectares 0.00 0.50 100 1 1.50 2.00 250 2 . 00 50 1966-67 1.31 1967-68 1968-69 1969-70 1970-71 1970-72 1972-73 Development ofIrrigation 1973-74 Area fromCanalsinMHa Irrigated 1974-75 1975-76 1976-77 1977-78 1978-79 1979-80 1980-81 1981-82 1982-83 1983-84 1984-85 1985-86 1986-87 1987-88 1988-89 1989-90 1990-91 1991-92 1992-93 1993-94 1994-95 1995-96 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 13 2008-09 2.13 2009-10 2010-11 Lift Irrigation Schemes Lift Irrigation System These schemes were constructedlifd to lift water upto 464 feet in stages to provide canal water by gravity flow to adversely sloping areas. Pump House of JLN 14 Canal Distribution Netwrok Khubru Head – Off take of JLN Canal & other Channels 15 Khubru Head 16 Hathinikund Barrage 17 Ottu Lake 18 Recent Initiatives • Bhakra Main Line – Hansi Branch – Butana Branch Multipurpose Link Channel of 109 km length has been constructed at acostof ` 392 cr. However, the channel not connected to Bhakra Main Line due to legal issues. • Dadupur Shahbad Nalvi Canal Project – Construction has been tak en up at an estim ated cost of ` 267 cr. The ppojectroject eesagesnvisages to use 590 cusecs surplus flood water for irrigation and groundwater recharging. • Carrier Lined Channel –Carrier Lined Channel at a cost of `667cr. to carry raw water for Haiderpur and Wazirabad Water Treatment Plants and for irrigation in Haryana area. 19 NCR Channel N.C.R. Channel – CtiCosting ` 279 cr. Thechlhannel has been constructed to meet with future water supply demands of National Capital Region. 20 Kaushalya Dam Kaushalya Dam – ` 217.00 cr. project was started in March, 2008 for providing drinking water to the Panchkula town. 21 Improvement in Carrying Capacity of Canals • J.L.N. feeder increased to 2500 from 1500 cusecs. • The capacity of WJC Main Line Lower of Western Yamuna Canal system increased from 13,500 to 19,557 cusecs. This will irrigate 2.4 lac acre additional land in Kharif alongwith groundwater recharge. • The capacity of Hansi Branch has been enhanced from 7,000 Cusecs to 8,000 Cusecs. • Capacity of Butana Branch has been enhanced from 3,600 Cusecs to 4,600 Cusecs. 22 Improvement in Carrying Capacity of Canals Repair and Rehabilitation of lined watercourses: • Programme for water conservation through lining of field channels is being viggyorously pursued with active participation of farmers. • 7633 watercourses have been identified, which were constructed more than 20 years ago. • 2051 watercourses have been rehabilitated so far. • 3420 Water User Associations have been formed. 23 Integrated Water Resources Management • A three-tier infrastructure created for the purpose. • An apex body State WateWater Resources Cou ncil (SWRC) established with the Hon’ble Chief Minister of Haryana in Chair and ministers and secretaries of related departments as members. • Water Conservation Mission (WCM) under the Chairmanship of the Principal Secretary to the Chief Minister and secretaries all related departments to assist SWRC. • Special Water Conservation Cell (SWCC) with the FC & PS (I) in Chair for inflfrastructural & logistic support to SCSWRC & WCM, implementation and monitoring. • Directorate of Water Resources in Haryana Irrigation Department for providing secretarial support to three entities. 24 Water Conservation in Ancient India • The Indus Valley Civilization had one of the most sophisticated urban water supplyand sewage systems in theworld. • One of the oldest, water harvesting systems is found about 130 km from Pune along Naneghat in the Western Ghats. • Houses in parts of western Rajasthan were built so that each had a rooftop water harvesting system. Rainwater from these rooftops was directed into underground tanks. • Underground baked earthen pipes and tunnels to maintain the flow of water for to transport it to distant places, are still functional at Burhanpur in Madhya Pradesh, Golkunda and Bijapur in Karnataka, and Aurangabad in Maharashtra. 25 Pollution of Water Bodies Only 26.8% of domestic and 60% of industrial wastewater is treated in India Wastewater management plants in cities have a capacity of approximately 6,000 MM litres per day 423 Class I cities treat just 29.2% of their wastewater. 499 Class II towns are able to treat just 3.7% of wastewater due to poor treatment infrastructure De lhi, th e nati onal capit al , t reat s l ess th an h alf of th e 3,267 MM litres of wastewater it generates every day 26 Peoples’ Initiatives • The water conservation cannot be made a success without people’ s participation. There are many success stories of peoples’peoples initiatives in rural India. • Ralegan Siddhi, a small village in the district of Ahmednagar, Maharashtra is one of the most successful examples of drought- proofing. The transformation took place when Anna Hazare, took iiiinitiati ve & thevillagers restored an old percolilation tank that hdhad fallen into disuse and had dried up. Monsoon rains filled the repaired tank and in the following year wells in the village swelled with water even in summer. Voluntary labor and public participation in funding were the highlights of this successful experiment. 27 Peoples’ Initiatives • Villages in the Alwar district of Rajasthan were witness to another kind of pioneering effort. Tarun Bharat Sangh under the leadership of Rajinder Singh, Magsasay Award winner, took it upon themselves to educate the villagers about the wisdom of ancient methods of water conservation. “Pani Yatras” were taken out through the villages. • Part of the finances requidired came from thevillagers to ensure greater involvement and interest. Over the years the villagers’ contribution and interest has risen and hundreds of villages have become self-sufficient in water. • Miraculously the river Aravari, that had only been a fading memory, started flowing again after about eight decades! 28 Peoples’ Initiatives • Mahudi village in Dahod district of Gujarat used to face serious water crisis year after year. There was no drinking water in the wells. Farmlands had become useless. A local NGO, N M Sadguru Water and Development Foundation stepped into this bleak scenario. With help from the Foundation the local Bheel population constructed percolation tanks and reservoirs. With constant recharging, rivers that used to dry up after monsoons started flowing throughout the year. • Another NGO, Saurashtra Gandhiji Gramodhar Trust has similarly helped Gadhadha village in Bhavnagar district to overcome water shortage.