Notes and References Introduction l. Marcel Proust, Marcel Proust. A selection from his miscellaneous writings, trans. Gerard Hopkins, London: Allan Wingate, 1948, pp. 97-98. 2. Margaret Mead, Twentieth Century Faith, Hope and Survival, London: Harper & Row, 1972, p. 126. 3. Frank Parkin, Max Weber, London: Tavistock, 1982, p. 23. 4. Oscar Wilde, The Works of Oscar Wilde, London: Galley Press, 1987, p. 17. 5. See preface to special issue, 'Hell: what it means not to be saved', New Blackfriars, vol. 69, no. 821. November 1988, pp. 467-471. For an interesting reflection on the disappearance of heaven in the modern world, see Colleen McDannell and Bernhard Lang, Heaven. A History, London: Yale University Press, 1988. 6. See Bernarr Rainbow, The Choral Revival in the Anglican Church ( 1839- 1872), London: Barrie & Jenkins, 1970, Chapter 2, 'The Image confused: John Jebb', pp. 26-42. 7. R. G. Collingwood, An Autobiography, Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1970, 'Question and Answer' , pp. 29-43. 8. Barbara Beaumont, ed. and trans., The Road from Decadence. From Brothel to Cloister. Selected Letters of J. K. Huysmans, London: The Athlone Press, 1989, p. 131. 1 Sociology and Theology: A Career in Misunderstanding l. Michael Ermarth, Wilhelm Dilthey: The Critique of Historical Reason, Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1978, Chapter 5, pp. 241- 276. 2. W. G. Runciman, ed., Max Weber. Selections in translation, trans. E. Matthews, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1978, pp. 7-32. 3. Robert S. Lynd, Knowledge for what? The Place of Social Science in American Culture, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1970. See also Jack D. Douglas, ed., The Relevance of Sociology, New York: Appleton­ Century-Crofts, 1970. 4. Wolf Lepenies, Between Literature and Science: the Rise of Sociology, trans. R. J. Hollingdale, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. 5. Georg Simmel, Essays on Interpretation in Social Science, trans. and ed. Guy Oakes, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1980, pp. 27-46. 6. Arthur Mitzman, The Iron Cage. An Historical Interpretation of Max Weber, New Brunswick: Transaction Books, 1985. 7. Geoffrey Hawthorn, Enlightenment & Despair. A history of sociology, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1976. 341 342 Notes and References to pp. 21-6 8. See Wolf Lepenies, Between Literature and Science: the Rise of Sociology op. cit., pp. 19-46. 9. Alfred Schutz, 'Concept and Theory Formation in the Social Sciences' in Dorothy Emmet and Alasdair Macintyre, eds, Sociological Theory and Philosophical Analysis, London: Macmillan, 1970, pp. 1-19. 10. Robin Horton and Ruth Finnegan, eds, Modes of Thought. Essays on Thinking in Western and non- Western Societies, London: Faber & Faber, 1973. 11. Anthony Giddens, 'The social sciences and philosophy- trends in recent social theory' in Social Theory and Modern Sociology, Cambridge: Polity Press, 1987, pp. 52-72. 12. Kenneth Thompson, 'How Religious are the British?' in Terence Thomas, ed., The British. Their Religious Beliefs and Practices 1800- 1986, London: Routledge, 1988, pp. 211-239. 13. David Martin, A General Theory of Secularization, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1978. From an early period in his writings Peter Berger has linked pluralism of theology to secularisation. See for example: 'A Sociological view of the Secularization of Theology', Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 6, no. 3, 1967, pp. 3-16; and Peter L. Berger and Thomas Luckmann, 'Secularisation and Pluralism', Inter­ national Yearbook for the Sociology of Religion, vol. 2, 1966, pp. 73-84. See also Peter L. Berger, 'From the Crisis of Religion to the Crisis of Secularity', in Mary Douglas and Steven Tipton, eds, Religion and America. Spiritual Life in a Secular Age, Boston: Beacon Press, 1983, pp. 14-24. 14. Rex Davies, 'Bibliography: New Religious Movements', The Modern Churchman, n.s., vol. XXVII, no. 4, 1985, pp. 41-46. See also Dorothee Solle, 'The Repression of the Existential Element, or Why so many People become Conservative' in Gregory Baum, ed., Neo-Conservatism: Social and Religious Phenomenon, Concilium, Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark Ltd., 1981, pp. 69-75. 15. Thomas Robbins, 'The Transformative Impact of the Study of New Religions on the Sociology of Religion', Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 27, no. 1, 1988, pp. 12-27. 16. Kieran Flanagan, 'Theological Pluralism: a sociological critique', in Ian Hamnett, ed., Religious Pluralism and Unbelief" Studies Critical and Comparative, London: Routledge, 1990, pp. 81-113. 17. Quoted in Thomas Robbins, 'The Transformative Impact of the Study of New Religions on the Sociology of Religion', op. cit., p. 23. 18. Alison Lurie, Imaginary Friends, London: Heinemann, 1967. 19. Richard Fenn, 'The Sociology of Religion: A Critical Survey', in Tom Bottomore, Stefan Nowak, and Magdalena Sokolowska, eds, Sociology: The State of the Art, London: Sage Publications, 1982, pp. 101-127. See also Peter L. Berger, 'Some Second Thoughts on Substantive versus Functional Definitions of Religion', Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion, vol. 13, no., 2, June 1974, pp. 125-133. 20. James Beckford, 'The Insulation and Isolation of the Sociology of Religion', Sociological Analysis, vol. 46, no. 4, 1985, pp. 347-354. Notes and References to pp. 26-34 343 21. Arnold S. Nash, 'Some Reflections upon the Sociological Approach to Theology', International Yearbook for the Sociology of Religion, vol. 2, 1966, pp. 185-197. 22. Ian Hamnett, 'Sociology of Religion and Sociology of Error', Religion, vol. 3, Spring 1973, pp. 1-12. 23. Ian Hamnett, 'A Mistake about Error', New Blackfriars, vol. 67, no. 788, February 1986, p. 77. 24. Daniel Bell, 'The Return of the Sacred? The Argument on the Future of Religion', in Sociological Journeys. Essays 1960-1980, London: Heine­ mann, 1980, p. 348. 25. Paul Webster, 'Victim of a broken mind', The Guardian, 8th October 1988,p.l9. 26. Louis Dupre, 'Spiritual Life in a Secular Age' in Mary Douglas and Steven Tipton, eds, Religion and America. Spiritual Life in a Secular Age, op. cit., pp. 3-13. 27. Ronald J. McAllister, 'Theology Lessons for Sociology' in William H. Swatos, ed., Religious Sociology. Interfaces and Boundaries, New York: Greenwood Press, 1987, p. 28. 28. John Habgood, Church and Nation in a Secular Age, London: Darton, Longman & Todd, 1983, p. 173. 29. Peter L. Berger, The Social Reality of Religion, London: Penguin, 1973, pp. 54--60. 30. Ibid., pp. 155-158. 31. Peter L. Berger, The Heretical Imperative. Contemporary Possibilities of Religious Affirmation, London: Collins, 1980, p. 47. 32. Peter L. Berger, A Rumour of Angels. Modern Society and the Rediscovery of the Supernatural, London: Penguin Books, 1971. 33. Peter L. Berger, The Heretical Imperative, op. cit., p. 49. 34. Peter L. Berger, 'For a World with Windows', in Peter L. Berger and Richard John Neuhaus, eds, Against tlze World. For the World. The Hartford Appeal and the Future of American Religion, New York: The Seabury Press, 1976, pp. 8-9. 35. Peter L. Berger, The Social Reality of Religion, op. cit., p. 56. 2 Liturgical Theology: Some Sociological Implications 1. I. H. Dalmais, 'The Liturgy as Celebration of the Mystery of Salvation' in Aime Georges Martimort, ed., The Church at Prayer. vol. 1, Principles of the Liturgy, trans. Matthew J. O'Connell, London: Geof­ frey Chapman, 1987, p. 259. 2. John Orme Mills, 'God, Man and Media: on a problem arising when theologians speak of the modern world' in David Martin, John Orme Mills and W. S. F. Pickering, eds, Sociology and Theology: Alliance and Conflict, Brighton: The Harvester Press, 1980, p. 136. See also Robin Gill, ed., Theology and Sociology. A Reader, London: Geoffrey Chap­ man, 1987 and also his earlier book, The Social Context of Theology, London: Mowbrays, 1975. 344 Notes and References to pp. 36-41 3. Alexander Schmemann, Introduction to Liturgical Theology, London: The Faith Press, 1966, p. 9. 4. Stephen Sykes, The Identity of Christianity, London: SPCK, 1984, p. 267. 5. Austin Flannery, ed., Vatican II. The Conciliar and Post Conciliar Documents, Dublin: Dominican Publications, 1975. 6. Urban T. Holmes, 'Liminality and Liturgy', Worship, vol. 47, no. 7, 1973, pp. 386--387. 7. See for example: Bruce Kapferer, 'Ritual Process and the Transforma­ tion of Context', Social Analysis, no. 1, February 1979, pp. 3-19; and Catherine Bell, 'Discourse and Dichotomies: the structure of ritual theory', Religion, vol. 17, April 1987, pp. 95-118. 8. Luis Maldonado, 'The Church's Liturgy: Present and Future' in David Tracy, Hans Kung, and Johann B. Metz, eds, Toward Vatican III. The work that needs to be done, Dublin: Gill & Macmillan, 1978, pp. 228-229. 9. Austin Flannery, ed., Vatican II. The Conciliar and Post Conciliar Documents, op. cit., p. 967. 10. See for example: James D. Shaughnessy, ed., The Roots of Ritual, Grand Rapids, Michigan: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1973; and Kevin Seasoltz, 'Anthropology and Liturgical Theology: Searching for a Compatible Methodology', in David Power and Luis Maldonado, eds, Liturgy and Human Passage, New York: The Seabury Press, 1979, pp. 3-13. 11. Liturgists in North America tended to use anthropology in the mid­ seventies to justify liberal positions, and produced an odd fragmented reading of 'rite'. For an insightful sociological account of the way in which liturgy renewal was shaped to reflect liberal American assump­ tions see Kenneth Smits, 'Liturgical Reform in Cultural Perspective', Worship, vol. 50, no. 2, March 1976, pp. 98-110. The issue of feminism started to creep into the question of methodology, making suggestions on the wider cultural implications of rite suspect and insular. See Mary Collins, 'Liturgical Methodology and the Cultural Evolution of Wor­ ship in the United States', Worship, vol. 49, no. 2, March 1975, pp. 85- 102. For a more subtle and sociologically acceptable use of similar types of material, put to good critical use, see James Hitchcock, The Recovery of the Sacred, New York: The Seabury Press, 1974.