Basel, Switzerland „Basel tickt anders“*: Development in the sense of a Pharma-High-Culture-Life-Science-Conglomerat * „Basel beats in a different way“ (Slogan by Basel Marketing) - “Basel: Culture Unlimited” (Slogan by Basel Tourism) Since its political separation from the current canton of biggest branch of the Swiss State Fair (Messe Schweiz Institute of Technology and Herzog & de Meuron is kind Basel-Land (country state) (1833), the Canton of Basel- which is also nanced by Zurich), with the world’s largest of expression of the think tank and the Basel NMM). Ba- Stadt is a city state with only 37km2, consisting of three watch and jewellery fair, and the world’s largest art fair, sel’s agglomeration program also funds transport infra- communities (Basel, Riehen, Bettingen) and 190,000 in- the “ART Basel”. Not least, the ART Basel shapes the structure in neighbouring countries. habitants. Basel is the third largest Swiss city. A third of cities reputation as a cultural city. Also the approx. 45 Politically, Basel is – in contrast to the conservative-bour- all Swiss exports come from this second most important museums contribute to a venue as well as various cul- geois surroundings – balanced out between red and green economic region of Switzerland. tural institutions. The cultural economy itself , however, is and civic majorities, without any real fundamental opposi- Basel is de ned by its border situation: politically, it bor- only most recently seen as a contributing factor to the cit- tion. This is characteristic for the Swiss direct-democratic ders France, Germany and the Canton Basel-Land, geo- ies economy. Basel’s international air, is also strength- concordance system (all groups are represented in the graphically it is determined by the location on the Rhine ened by its importance as a transport hub. Over half of all government). Politics is ultimately characterized by a between three mountain ranges. The earliest settlements Swiss imports are coming through Basel (e.g. the Rhine strong sense of consensus, with a tendency towards left- go back several thousand years. Basel has been protes- ports). Basel is home to the Bank for International Settle- liberal focus (the cantonal constitution prohibits nuclear tant since 1530. In the 17th century Basel, at that time a ments (BIS). It is a university city since 1460, today it is power, only 25% of Basel have a car ...) The culture is a humanist city, gave many rich Protestants refuge, who participating in a college association in North-Western protestant, liberal and enterprising, with heavy involve- were expelled from France. In the 19th century, this ar- Switzerland (FHNW). In addition, the service industries, ment of different, very wealthy patrons and foundations. istocracy called the “Basel Daig”, invested as a supplier health / social affairs, transport are important. The con dence in the correctness of administrative action for the French textile industry in the chemical factories, The boundary position is a major challenge for the further is high. The potential dangers are despised collectively which today represents an essential pillar of a diversi- development and subject of various public and private in- (building in a major earthquake danger zone or living in [ ed economy. Basel’s economy grew even in the recent stitutions and projects. Since 1995/2007, the Trinational the immediate vicinity of the chemical production seems economic crisis. With only about 4% unemployment in Euro District (TEB) coordinates to the international coop- unproblematic). Basel is regarded in many regards as the last several legislatures thousand millions Euros of eration between politics and administration, particularly very particular and it also ties to its home, a circumstance debt were reduced. Focus of the economy are chemicals in the eld of spatial planning. The recently launched “IBA that ultimately shapes Basle’s carneval: This multi-day, Switzerland 41’000Km2 * Inhabitants 7’500’000 / pharmaceuticals / life sciences, with companies such as Basel 2020” is the rst cross-border international building and most important Protestant and folkloristic Tradition Urban Region 1.989 Km2 * Inhabitants 830’000 Novartis, Roche, Syngenta, Ciba / BASF playing in the exhibition. “Metro Basel” is working as self-declared “think mobilizes each year about 20,000 active participants. World League and not irrelevant to the wealth of the city. tank” (funded by the Cantons of Basel and the economy; Basel 37 Km2 * Inhabitants 190’000 Basel is an important trading centre, of which testi es the A “MetroBasel”-Comic (2009) around the Swiss Federal Burghof Lörrach GmbH Vitra Design Museum Schienenanschluss Euroairport EuroAirport Grenzüberschreitendes Tram Linie 3 Grenzüberschreitendes Tram Linie 8 Fondation Beyeler Jet Aviation (new hangar) Naturpark Lange Erlen Basel Metro Herzstück Variante Nord Villa Rosenau (Squatters) Volta Mitte Novartis Campus Volta West Ciba Erlenmatt Brückenkopf ETH Volta Zentrum Volta Ost Rosental Areal Institut Nanotechnologie Biotechnikum (Unibasel) Universitätskinderspital Messe Basel Basel Metro Landhof Herzstück Tinguely Museum Roche riverfront-upgrading Erweiterung Kunstmuseum SBB Süd highway-extension (project) St. Jakob-Stadion/Park Legend Urban Region Central areas Areas of State-Led Reinvestment / Areas of Urban Regeneration Areas of Private Reinvestment / Areas of Intense Neighbourhood Upgrading Trendy Neighboorhoods Privately sponsored Art-Museums Gated Communities / Exclusionary Zones Areas of Privatization Very High Income Area Areas of disinvestment Subcentres Housing Strategic Urban Infrastructure Projects Flagship Projects Events Failed and Grounded (large) Projects Informal Settlements "Architects are murders" "Planners are mass-murders" Of ce Herzog & de Meuron Main Shopping Street nt*-Areal: alternative? Spaces and Places of Resistance / Alternatives scale 1:25.000 other Failed: University campus Flagship: Art Museum Failed: „Landhof“-Housing- Agglomeration Volta „Fondation Beyeler“ Development Program Basel Failed university campus Dreirosenbrücke with Novartis head- Purpose Exhibition space for the collection of the Purpose Contribution to the government›s aim of cre- Purpose Coordination of traf c and land development quarters in the background Fondation, temporary exhibitions ating new urban housing. through [ nancing of transport projects Dimensions 3 buildings with 80 apartments, garage, and Dimensions 140 x 35 and 14 meters high with garden, 10.000 sq.m of green space) Dimensions Trinational agglomeration of Basel, 2011- “In the interest of credibility as an independent research insti- up to 340 000 visitors / year 2014 (A projects) -2028 (B-projects) tute, the equidistant to the large industrial partners is to keep.” Project costs (-/stage of planning) Project costs Euro 45 million museum Project costs Ca. € 1 billion (project categories A + B) Katja Prowald, Roche Investors Canton Basel-Stadt, cooperatives Investors Private Fondation Beyeler, operating sub- Investors Cantons in North-West Switzerland + con- sidy from the canton of Basel-Stadt cerned authorities in Germany and France; Architects Rüdisühli + Ibach Architects, Basel, Andreas Architects Renzo Piano Swiss Confederation Tremp landscape architect, Zurich Date 2011-2014 (A projects) -2028 (B-projects) Date Planning - Opening: 1991-97, 2000 Date 2003 - 2010 Das Agglomerationsprogramm Basel Das Instrument zur Lenkung von Verkehrs- und Siedlungsentwicklung Perimeter und Grenzen F D CH Reproduziert mit Bewilligung von swisstopo (BA081004) Description Description Description Description At the foot of the north of Basel Dreirosenbrücke the develop- Representing a variety of high-level Art Museums, which were The «Landhof» is a large inner-city block in the immediate vicin- The agglomeration program is a funding program of the Swiss ment of a university site was planned. The university campus built in the agglomeration centre of Basel by private patrons, ity of Switzerland›s State Fair. The block-courtyard was used Confederation to support strategic transport projects (public Volta, the new Swiss Nanoscience institute: The Institute chem- on choosing the «Fondation Beyeler» various issues can be as soccer stadium (national league up to 2001) and by district transport, private motorized). Required is the participation of istry, physics, biology, mathematics and computer science, the highlighted, which are typical for the patronage in art high-cul- residents, sports and leisure facility for a children›s project. The interested partners, and the existence of a concerted strategy. Institute for Systems Biology, ETH Zurich (Swiss Federal In- ture of Basel: result of an urban design competition for the housing project For the trinational agglomeration of Basel, the Swiss Confed- stitute of Technology Zurich) and a Novartis-owned Institute the important impact of the initiative of non-governmental, was downsized after protests. In a vote in March 2010, the eration demands a cross-border cooperation. It also promotes shall be located at the same site. According to the plans from wealthy private actors population voted with twice a majority for both: the small project projects in France and Germany with Swiss funds. 2008 from 2015 should be able to host 2000-3000 students, as well as the full preservation of today›s green spaces. These researchers, professors and university staff members using the emergence of PPPs, where states «participation» is decisions drew attention to planning de