Bosna i Hercegovina Босна и Херцеговина Sud Bosne i Hercegovine Суд Боснe и Херцеговинe Case number: S1 1 K 005207 12 Kžk (Ref. to X-KR-06/213) Delivered on: 7 May 2013 Written Judgment sent out on: 29 November 2013 Before the Appellate Division Panel composed of Judges: Dragomir Vukoje, LLM, Panel Presiding Senadin Begtašević Mirza Jusufović PROSECUTOR’S OFFICE OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA v. GOJKO KLIČKOVIĆ MLADEN DRLJAČA SECOND INSTANCE JUDGMENT Prosecutor of the Prosecutor’s Office of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Mr. Dževad Muratbegović Counsel for the accused Gojko Kličković: Mr. Dušan Tomić, Attorney Counsel for the accused Mladen Drljača: Mr. Milan Trbojević, Attorney Sud Bosne i Hercegovine, Sarajevo, ul. Kraljice Jelene br. 88 Telefon: 033 707 100, 707 596; Fax: 033 707 225 CONTENTS SECOND INSTANCE JUDGMENT ..................................................................................... 1 J U D G M E N T .................................................................................................................. 4 I. PROCEDURAL HISTORY .............................................................................................. 12 A. EVIDENTIARY PROCEEDINGS BEFORE THE APPELLATE DIVISION PANEL ... 13 1. Closing Arguments ................................................................................................. 15 II. CONCLUSIONS OF THE APPELLATE PANEL ........................................................... 20 1. Indictment ............................................................................................................... 20 2. Presumption of innocence and burden of proof ...................................................... 21 3. General assessment of evidence in the proceedings ............................................. 23 III. GENERAL ELEMENTS OF THE CRIMINAL OFFENSE OF CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY .................................................................................................................. 29 A. WIDESPREAD AND SYSTEMATIC ATTACK .......................................................... 33 1. Contextual basis of the charged events .................................................................. 33 2. Establishment of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa .................................... 41 3. The outbreak of armed conflict caused by the Serb forces attack .......................... 52 4. Final conclusion of the Appellate Panel on the existence of widespread or systematic attack .................................................................................................. 93 B. THE ACCUSED’S ACTS MUST FORM PART OF THE ATTACK............................ 93 C. THE ATTACK MUST BE DIRECTED AGAINST ANY CIVILIAN POPULATION ..... 95 D. DISCRIMINATORY INTENT AND PERSECUTION .................................................. 95 E. INDIVIDUAL CRIMINAL RESPONSIBILITY ........................................................... 100 1. Application of the joint criminal enterprise doctrine (JCE) in the present case ..... 100 F. INDIVIDUAL CHARGES UNDERLYING THE CRIMES .......................................... 109 1. General considerations ......................................................................................... 110 2. The accused Gojko Kličković (Count 1 of the Indictment) .................................... 111 3. The accused Gojko Kličković (Counts 2 and 3); the accused Mladen Drljača (Counts 4 and 5) ................................................................................................. 115 4. The accused Gojko Kličković and Mladen Drljača (Counts 6 and 7 of the Indictment) .......................................................................................................... 136 IV. FINAL CONCLUSION OF THE APPELLATE PANEL ...................................................................................................... 139 2 S1 1 K 005207 12 Kžk 7 May 2013 V. DECISION ON THE COSTS OF CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS ................................... 140 VI. DECISION ON CLAIMS UNDER PROPERTY LAW ................................................. 141 VII. ANNEX I AND ANNEX II ........................................................................................... 142 PROSECUTION DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE .......................................................... 144 DEFENCE WITNESSES .............................................................................................. 162 DEFENCE DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE .................................................................... 165 EXHIBITS OF THE ACCUSED GOJKO KLIČKOVIĆ ............................................... 165 EXHIBITS OF THE ACCUSED MLADEN DRLJAČA ............................................... 181 EXHIBITS OF THE ACCUSED JOVAN OSTOJIĆ ................................................... 182 3 S1 1 K 005207 12 Kžk 7 May 2013 IN THE NAME OF BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA! The Court of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Section I for War Crimes, sitting on the Appellate Division Panel composed of Judge Dragomir Vukoje, LLM, as the Panel Presiding, and judges Senadin Begtašević and Mirza Jusufović, as members of the Panel, with the participation of Legal Advisor Medina Džerahović, as the Record-taker, in the criminal case against the accused Gojko Kličković and Mladen Drljača for the criminal offense of Crimes against Humanity in violation of Article 172(1)(h) of the Criminal Code of Bosnia and Herzegovina (CC BiH), as read with Article 180(1) of the CC BiH, deciding upon the Second Amended Indictment of the Prosecutor’s Office of BiH number T20 0 KTRZ 0005033 08 of 29 March 2013, after the hearing held in the presence of the Prosecutor of the BiH Prosecutor's Office, Mr. Dževad Muratbegović, the Accused and their respective Defense Attorneys, Mr. Dušan Tomić and Mr. Milan Trbojević, on 7 May 2013 delivered and publicly pronounced the following: J U D G M E N T The Accused: 1. Gojko Kličković, son of Ilija and Sava, born on 25 March 1955 in the village of Donji Petrovići, Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, residing at ..., PIN: .... , holder of a degree in sociology and of a Master’s degree in Socio-Economic Sciences, married, father of two children, citizen of … , ethnicity ... 2. Mladen Drljača, son of Stevo and Jela, born on 5 March 1958 in Bosanska Krupa, residing at … , PIN: … , university education, lawyer by qualification, employed as secretary for the Commission for Concessions of Republika Srpska, married, father of one daughter, citizen of … , of … ethnicity. Pursuant to Article 284(c) of the Criminal Procedure Code of Bosnia and Herzegovina ARE ACQUITTED OF THE CHARGES 4 S1 1 K 005207 12 Kžk 7 May 2013 That: During the period between 21 April 1992 and late August 1992, during the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina, within a widespread and systematic attack of members of the Podgrmeč Brigade, subsequently the 11th Krupa Light Infantry Brigade and the police of the Public Security Station of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, supported by members of the VI Company of the former JNA Infantry Brigade from Lušci Palanka, directed against the non-Serb civilian population of the Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, knowing about this attack, the accused Gojko Kličkovć, as the Commander of the Crisis Staff of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, subsequently the President of the War Presidency of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, and the accused Mladen Drljača, as a member of the Crisis Staff of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, subsequently a member of the War Presidency of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, and at the same time in the capacity of the Panel President of the Provisional Military Court of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa and President of the Commission for Exchange of Prisoners of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, knowingly participated in a Joint Criminal Enterprise, together with Miroslav Vještica, representative in the Serb People Assembly in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina and President of the Municipal Board of the Serb Democratic Party of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, Milan Štrbac a.k.a. Bijeli, Commander of the Podgrmeč Brigade, Milan Vojinović, Chief of the Public Security Station of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, Lazar Stupar, Commander of the Public Security Station of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, Dmitar Ciganović and Mirko Orelj, judges of the Provisional Military Court of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa and other prominent members of the municipal leadership of the self-proclaimed Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, acted with discriminatory intent in furtherance of the common design to persecute the non-Serb civilian population from the territory of self-proclaimed Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa at the session of the Serb Assembly of Bosanska Krupa held on 11 December 1991, whose borders were determined in the Analysis of the Establishment of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa, which formed part of the Autonomous Region of Krajina, on ethnic and religious grounds; thus for the realization of this goal, through members of the Public Security Station and Podgrmeč Brigade of the Serb Municipality of Bosanska Krupa subordinated to him, and supported by members of the VI Company of the former JNA Infantry Brigade from Lušci Palanka, the accused Gojko Kličković planned and ordered persecution of the non-Serb civilian population from the territory of the self-proclaimed Serb 5 S1 1 K 005207 12 Kžk 7 May 2013 Municipality of Bosanska Krupa by organizing an infantry and artillery attack against