a8.90 European D 14974 E Security ESD & Defence 7/2021 International Security and Defence Journal ISSN 1617-7983 • Military Aerospace Focus www.euro-sd.com • • Finnish Air Force • Ballistic Missile Defence • FCAS/SCAF and TEMPEST • ower Electronics P July 2021 • Defence Procurement in Denmark • F-35 Market Opportunities Politics · Armed Forces · Procurement · Technology C MILLENNIUM The C-390 Millennium multi-mission aircraft SUCCESSFULLY is in-service with Brazilian Air Force delivering exceptional performance and fulfi lling all expectations, most notably with support ACCOMPLISHING during the Covid-19 pandemic. The C-390 is VERSÃO A VERSÃO/ COMPLETA A / COMPLETA also the aircraft of choice for Portugal and MISSIONS now Hungary too. Both these air forces have ILLEN ILLEN ILLEN ILLEN ILLEN ILLEN 90M 9N0IUM NIU 90M 9N0IUM NIU 90M 9N0IUM NIU -3 -3 M M -3 -3 M M selected-3 the- 3C-390M toM meet their own unique C DEFENSE SEGMENTC DEFENSE SEGMENT C DEFENSE SEGMENTC DEFENSE SEGMENT C DEFENSE SEGMENTC DEFENSE SEGMENT BEST NEW PRODUCTBEST NEW PRODUCT BEST NEW PRODUCTBEST NEW PRODUCT and demandingBEST NEW PRODUCTBEST NEWoperational PRODUCT requirements. By combining state-of-the-art systems and proven technologies with a worldwide network LAUREATESLAUREATES LAUREATESLAUREATES of reputableLAUREATES suppliers,LAUREATES the C-390 Millennium AWARDS AWARDS AWARDS AWARDS is a versatileAWARDS additionAWARDS to any air force. APLICAÇÃO COM APLICAÇÃOFUNDO COM FUNDO APLICAÇÃO BRANCOAPLICAÇÃO / SEM FUNDO BRANCO / SEM FUNDO The C-390APLICAÇÃO is COR the /APLICAÇÃO SEM FUNDO most COR / SEM FUNDO reliable, easy to operate and effi cient aircraft in its class. VERSÃO B VERSÃO/ SIMPLIFICADA B / SIMPLIFICADA #ForADifferentWorld 0MILLENN0MILLENN 39 39 IUM IUM C- C- DEFENSE SEGMENTDEFENSE SEGMENT EMBRAER C-390EMBRAER C-390 GRANDGRAND BEST NEWBEST NEW LAUREATELAUREATE PRODUCTPRODUCT LAUREATESLAUREATES AWARDS AWARDS APLICAÇÃO SIMPLIFICADAAPLICAÇÃO SIMPLIFICADA ELEMENTOS ISOLADOSELEMENTOS ISOLADOS c-390.com Photographic record made by the Brazilian Air Force on one of the missions to combat COVID-19 in Brazil. C42496-005-Embraer-DS-C390-EuropeanSecDef-Feb21-297x210-v1.indd 1 02/02/2021 10:15 Editorial The Language of Power for a More Geopolitical EU It is not only in view of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict that Europeans are trying to ori- ent and mobilise themselves. Commission President Ursula von der Leyen proclaimed a more geopolitical stance for the EU when she took office. The EU intends to play a Photo: author greater role in global crisis management. According to a survey, this is what the citizens want as well. Last year, 77 per cent of Europeans supported efforts to develop a com- mon EU security and defence policy (source: High Representative Josep Borrell, citing Eurobarometer). Josep Borrell never gets tired of calling for more commitment. At the 6 May meeting of EU defence ministers, he concluded, "We must prepare for the next crises and respond quickly." That involves "making the EU's operational engagement more effec tive." The deliberations at the 6 May meeting focused on one of the four main issues at hand: crisis management. A "number of ideas" were "put on the table," the EU High Representative reports. According to rumours, a total of 22 non-papers, describing dif- ferent perspectives on how to prepare for the next crises and approaches to respond quickly. All more or less focused on the operational aspect of the common security and defence policy: How can CSDP operations and missions be made more robust, agile and efficient? Where should the European Union act as a priority? And how? Now a new unit is supposed to do the job – although the EU Battle Group has not yet proven its usefulness. Will 'the new entity' help to hide the fact that for the time being a truly global ambition seems to be unattainable? Fourteen member states, including France and Germany, have endorsed the idea of an EU Initial Entry Force. The approximately 5,000-strong unit (land forces, supported by air force and naval components if needed) would be deployed quickly in the early stag- es of a crisis. For those familiar with the Common Foreign and Security Policy: old wine in new barrels. As early as 1999, the 'European Headline Goal' gave birth to the idea of international crisis management with a force of 60,000 troops ready for worldwide operations within 60 days (within the framework of the Petersberg tasks in force at the time). In 2007, the rotating EU Battle Group was established to respond quickly to cri- ses. Since then, two battle groups (1,500 men each) have always been on standby for a period of six months on a rotating basis. They have never been used so far. It could form the nucleus for the 'initial entry force' that has now been raised. Brussels observers believe that the new initiative is a fresh attempt on the road to an EU army. After Brexit, the Union finds itself freed from a fierce opponent of such aspirations. On the other hand, it is not for lack of ideas that the European Union still does not use the language of power, as High Representative Josep Borrell likes to put it. The EU is proving to be financially strong, to be sure. It has a common budget for defence. Overall, however, it appears powerless. This is not only due to internal differences of opinion among the member states regarding the form of EU foreign policy. As the example, the special conference on the situation in the Middle East on 18 May showed it was not possible to agree on a joint final communiqué. Member states are only – to a limited extent – fulfilling their obligations in terms of missions and operations. This ranges from the lack of deployment of capabilities to individual soldiers. In an earlier interview with our sister magazine +Maritime Security and Defence+, the head of the EU Military Staff, Admiral Hervé Bléjean, referred to capability gaps due to a lack of units and the shortage of personnel in ongoing operations. Hans Uwe Mergener 7/2021 · European Security & Defence 1 Contents Photo: Boeing Photo: Georg Mader Vertical rotary lift aircraft fulfil crucial functions Page 46 Larger airborne early warning and surveillance Page 88 including logistic support, personnel transport, systems on multi-engine aircraft and helicopters S&R, medevac/casevac, installation/area have to meet increasing demands to locate ever surveillance and security missions. smaller targets like periscopes or small UAVs. SECURITY POLICY 62 A400M Turns a Corner Georg Mader 13 Military Aerospace Expertise and Exports from Israel 66 “We have full confidence Eugene Kogan in the F-35 programme.” Interview with Lieutenant General Kim Jesper Jörgensen, 18 Beyond the Pandemic Effect Commander of the Danish Ministry of Defence Acquisi- Terrorism and Counterterrorism in 2021 tion and Logistics Organisation (DALO) and Danish Na- Dr Andreea Stoian Karadeli tional Armaments Director 21 India to Stop Importing Tanks, 69 Killer Code: Cyber-Supported SEAD Corvettes, Helicopters Thomas Withington Suman Sharma 74 Magnum Force in the Anti-Radar Game Doug Richardson 78 Attritable Aircraft ARMED FORCES Sidney E. Dean 24 Finnish Air Force Modernisation Plans 84 Finally, a MiG-21 Replacement Georg Mader An Update on the Croatian Air Force 30 “International cooperation is supported by the Alan Warnes highest leadership of the Government.” 88 Airborne Radars Interview with Major General Pasi Jokinen, Keeping up-to-date, in the face of increasing Finnish Air Force demands for more accurate systems 34 Agility Prime: Georg Mader US Air Force Pursues eVTOL Aircraft Taking Flight: Sidney E. Dean 94 Advances in Airborne Autonomy Gerard Cowan ARMAMENT & TECHNOLOGY 97 A Different Option – Rediscovering Lightweight Combat Aircraft Solutions 38 FCAS / SCAF and TEMPEST: David Saw Programme Status Reports JTAC: Roles and Equipment Giulia Tilenni 102 André Forkert 46 Vertical Rotary Lift Defence Against the Threat of Short and Rotary Lift Development and Procurement Programmes 106 Medium-Range Ballistic Missiles in North America and Europe Tim Guest Sidney E. Dean 112 Power Electronics for the Power-Full Battlefield 53 Air-Launched Weapons – Smaller, Tim Guest Smarter, Further Tamir Eshel 2 European Security & Defence · 7/2021 INDUSTRY & MARKETS 115 European Market Opportunities for the F-35 LIGHTNING II Finland, Switzerland and Spain are the new objectives in Europe Esteban Villarejo Photo: Audun Rikardsen 118 “We have the complete portfolio.” Interview with Jackson Schneider, IMU TACTICAL GRADE President & CEO, Embraer Defense & Security. 120 A New Type of Defence Company Interview with Yuriy Husyev, General Director of Ukroboronprom 123 Update: The Integrated Battle Command System Henry Richardson VIEWPOINT FROM … 23 New Delhi Suman Sharma 44 Kiev 1:1 scale Reuben F. Johnson 111 Toronto Debalina Ghoshal STIM318 – the latest Sensonor tactical grade Inertial Measurement Unit, IMU. COLUMNS Increased performance for demanding 1 Editorial guidance and navigation applications. 4 Firms & Faces • ITAR free 6 ESD Spotlight • Small size, low weight, power and cost 117 Masthead • Insensitive to magnetic fi elds • Low gyro bias instability (0.3°/h) Index of Advertisers • Low gyro noise (0.15°/√h) • Low accelerometer bias instability (0.003 mg) Aeronautics Group 59 Aselsan 45 • Low accelerometer noise (0.015m/s/√h) Collins Aerospace 5 • User programmable BIAS Offset Diehl Aviation 39 • Weight 57 grams, volume <2cu.in, power 5V, 1.8 W DSEI 3rd cover EDEX 73 Embraer 2nd cover STIM318 is a design that is fi eld proven in Military Land