NATIONAL HISTORIC LANDMARK NOMINATION NTS Form l'J-9'X' USDI NTS XRHP Registration Form illev. S-Sfi Page 1 United States Departmen of the Interior. National Park Service____________________________________________National Register of Historic Places Registration Form i. NAME OF PROPERTY Historic Name: Madison Historic District Other Name/Site Number: n/a 2. LOCATION Street & Number: Roughly bounded by north bank of Crooked Creek (N). north boundary of Springdale Cemetery (N). Miclligan Road (N), New Hill Road (E), Telegraph Hill Road N). City Boundary (E), the Ohio River (S). and the western boundary of the Madison Country Club (W). Not for publication: n/a City/Town: Madison Vicinity: n/a State: Indiana County: Jefferson Code: 077 Zip Code: 47250 3. CLASSIFICATION Ownership of Property Category of Property Private: X Building(s): Public-Local: X District: X Public-State: X Site: Public-Federal: X Structure: Object: Number of Resources within Property Contributing Noncontributing 1666 392 buildings 14 7 sites 12 0 structures 2 objects 1695 401 Total Number of Contributing Resources Previously Listed in the National Register: 4 Individual listings: Lanier Mansion (also NHL). Crawford-Whitehead-Ross House. Jefferson County Jail. Charles Shrewsbury House (also NHL). National Register Historic District (More than 2r200 resources). Source: Historic Indiana. Indianapolis. IN": DN"R. Division of Historic Preservation and Archaeology. 2002. Name of Related Multiple Property Listing: n/a NTS Form USDI NTS KRHP RegistrationForm illev. 8-861 MADISON HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 2 United States Department of (he Interior. National Park Service National Register ot'Historic Places Resistration Form 4. STATE/FEDERAL AGENCY CERTIFICATION As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966. as amended. I hereby certify that this ___ nomination ___ request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property ___ meets ___ does not meet the National Register Criteria. Signature of Certifying Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau In my opinion, the property ___ meets ___ does not meet the National Register criteria. Signature of Commenting or Other Official Date State or Federal Agency and Bureau 5. NATIONAL PARK SERVICE CERTIFICATION I hereby certify that this property is: Entered in the National Register Determined eligible for the National Register Determined not eligible for the National Register Removed from the National Register Other (explain): Signature of Keeper Date of Action NPS Form 10-5 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-8 OMBNo. 1024-0018 MADISON HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 3 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 6. FUNCTION OR USE Historic: Agriculture/Subsistence Sub: Processing, Storage Commerce Business/Professional, Financial, Organizational, Restaurant, Specialty Store, Warehouse Defense Military Facility Domestic Hotel, Institutional Housing, Multiple Dwelling Secondary Structure, Single Dwelling Education Education-related, Library, School Funerary Cemetery Government City Hall, Correctional Facility, Courthouse Firehouse, Post Office, Public Works Health Care Clinic, Hospital, Medical Business, Landscape Garden, Park, Plaza, Street Furniture/Object Processing/Extraction Manufacturing Facility, Communications Facility, Extractive, Industrial Storage, Waterworks Recreation and Culture Monument/Marker, Museum, Outdoor Recreation, Sports Facility, Work of Art, Theater Religion Church School, Church-related Residence, Religious Facility Social Civic, Clubhouse, Meeting Hall Transportation Rail-related, Road-related, Water-related Current: Sub: Commerce Business/Professional, Financial, Organizational, Restaurant, Specialty Store, Warehouse Domestic Hotel, Institutional Housing, Multiple Dwelling Secondary Structure, Single Dwelling Education Education-related, Library, School Funerary Cemetery Government City Hall, Correctional Facility, Courthouse Firehouse, Post Office, Public Works Health Care Clinic, Hospital, Medical Business, Sanitarium Landscape Garden, Park, Plaza, Street Furniture, Object Processing/Extraction Manufacturing Facility, Communications Facility, Extractive, Industrial Storage, Waterworks Recreation and Culture Monument/Marker, Museum, Outdoor Recreation, Sports Facility, Work of Art, Theater Religion Church School, Church-related Residence, Religious Facility Social Civic, Clubhouse, Meeting Hall Transportation Rail-related, Road-related, Water-related NPS Form 10-5 USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-8 OMBNo. 1024-0018 MADISON HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 4 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form 7. DESCRIPTION Architectural Classification: (Primary Styles) CATEGORY: Early Republic Subcategory: Federal Mid-19th Century Greek Revival Gothic Revival Late Victorian Italianate Queen Anne (Romanesque) (Second Empire) Late 19th & 20th Century Revivals Classical Revival (Neo-Classical Revival) Late 19th & Early 20th Century American Movements Bungalow/Craftsman Prairie Modern Movement Art Deco Other: Formal Garden Materials: Foundation: Stone/limestone Concrete Walls: Brick Wood Stone/limestone Synthetics Roof: Asphalt Stone/slate Other: Stone Metal Wood USDI/NPS NRHP Registration Form (Rev. 8-8 OMBNo. 1024-0018 MADISON HISTORIC DISTRICT Page 5 United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service National Register of Historic Places Registration Form Describe Present and Historic Physical Appearance. The Madison, Indiana historic district contains 2096 resources in approximately 2050± acres and is a combination of residential, commercial, industrial, and landscape features. Description Setting and Plan The Madison historic district is situated along the second and third terraces of the Ohio River. At this location, the terraces provide a natural platform for the historic town, above most flood stages, and yet closely related to the river and the angle of its flow. The Ohio River flows westward at Madison, toward the Mississippi, oriented in a general east-west direction. Rising steeply on the north side of the district (and across the river in Kentucky) are high limestone bluffs that provide a backdrop to the town and provide much of its historic and scenic beauty. For thousands of years, they have protected the river terraces upon which the town is built from extreme winds and temperature changes. Plants that have difficulty surviving on the high bluffs luxuriate in the warmer, moister climate of the river valley. The steep hills have also served to hinder modern development, which has instead occurred on the easier-to-manipulate tops and the flatter land to the north. Three roads and a rail line traverse the hills from the river to the top of the bluff. One of them is the historic Michigan Road, which served as a major north-south artery through the former Old Northwest Territory. Two others take advantage of natural valleys to make the journey north from Madison, to its contemporary counterpart on the hill (formerly North Madison). In addition, an early nineteenth century railroad incline and road cut break through the hills at the western part of the district. Beyond the district to the northwest is Clifty Falls State Park, nestled in steep bluffs. To the east of the district, gentler hills interspersed with graceful hollows follow the curve of the river in a northeasterly direction to the small town of Vevay, in Switzerland County, about twenty miles upstream. Madison's town plan is a regular grid, which is canted at about the center (at West Street), allowing most of the east/west streets to maintain their relationship with the gently curving river. In general, the numbered streets run east/west and increase from south to north. The exceptions are major arteries, such as Main Street which is at the command center and is also the route of SR 56 and is extremely wide. North/south streets are variously named (Vine, Elm, Mill, and Depot). Main Street, which runs east/west, is extremely wide. The widest north/south streets are: Broadway, which is a boulevard containing a fountain and plaza north of Main Street; and Jefferson Street. The latter serves as the western border north of the courthouse block and it is the route of US Highway 421. Within the city blocks, alleys form a regular grid. Lots are evenly spaced in the oldest parts of town, near the original plat, which was laid out in 1809. Later subdivisions platted during the nineteenth century created smaller narrow lots in order to accommodate more residences. Today, there is a pleasant variety in the density of buildings, with some sections comprised mainly of rowhouses and others of more generously spaced residential lots. General Character of the Built Environment The historic district represents a mix of commercial, institutional and residential buildings. The two former types are concentrated at the center, for the most part, and the latter toward the outer edges. The few surviving industrial buildings are placed toward the outer rim of the district with only a few exceptions. Madison's orientation along the river benefited the nineteenth century businesses which depended on it as their major mode of transportation. Madison contains an impressive