National Capacity Needs Self Assessment for Global Environmental Management - Republic of Mauritius Final NCSA Report Ministry of Finance and Economic Development and Ministry of Environment and National Development Unit in collaboration with UNEP & GEF October 2005 Acknowledgement Special thanks to: G Wong So, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Economic Development); S Seebaluck, Ministry of Environment and NDU; O Jadoo, Ministry of Environment and NDU; S N Sok Appadu, Meteorological Services; Y Mungroo, National Parks and Conservation Service; R Ramsurn, Ministry of Finance and Economic Development (Economic Development Wing); K Lan Chow Wing, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; M Nallee, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; Chief Commissioner, RRA; Island Chief Executive, RRA Project Coordinator J Seewoobaduth Project Assistant K D Naga Resource Persons J Allas, Agricultural Commission (Rodrigues); V Florens, University of Mauritius; P Goolaup, Meteorological Services; S A Paupiah, Forestry Services; J R Pierre Louis, Fisheries Research and Training Unit (Rodrigues); Dr. H Rojoa, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; Prof. S D D V Rughooputh, University of Mauritius Stakeholders R S P Amourdon, Ministry of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications; V Aodhora, Ministry of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications; L Appadu, Beach Authority; A Atawoo, Agricultural Research and Extension Unit; R Atkinson, Mauritian Wildlife Foundation; M Aumeer, SSR Botanical Garden Trust; M L Azie, Rodrigues Regional Assembly; V Bachraz, National Parks and Conservation Service; S Bagha, National Federation of Young Farmers Club; Dr. T Bahorun, University of Mauritius; Dr. C Baider, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; S P Beni-Madhu, Agricultural Research and Extension Unit; Assoc. Prof. S Bhagwant, University of Mauritius; R Bholah, Mauritius Institute of Education; R Bissoonauth, Mauritius Institute of Education; S Boodhoo, Water Resources Unit; Y Boodhoo, Meteorological Services; D Boodhun, Ministry of Environment and NDU; R Bundhun, Apexhom; F Casimir, Rodrigues Regional Assembly; Dr. T C Chetty, Ministry of Health and Quality of Life; S Conhye, Albion Fisheries Research Centre; Dr. A Dookun-Saumtally, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; B Dunputh, Meteorological Services; D Gangapersad, Mauritius Research Council; T Genave, Rodrigues Regional Assembly; V S Gopal, National Parks and Conservation Service; Dr. N Gopaul, Mauritius Research Council; N Gopaul, Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agro- Industry and Fisheries; R K Ghurburrun, Outer Island Development Coorporation; B L Gowreesunker, Ministry of Public Infrastructure, Land Transport and Shipping; P Hanoomanjee, Agricultural Research and Extension Unit; H Jodheea, Beach Authority; B S Joomun, National Remote Sensing Centre; R Joorawon, Ministry of Education and Human Resources; S Koonjah, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; Dr. B Lalljee, University of Mauritius; F Legentil, Rodrigues Regional Assembly; P Leste, Mauritius Chamber of Agriculture; D Lokee, Mauritius Vegetable Planters’ Association; R Luximon, Ministry of Environment and NDU; N Manic, Ministry of Environment and NDU; A I Mijjoo, Ministry of Tourism, Leisure and External Communications; J C Monty, Mauritius Chamber of Agriculture; a S Mooloo, Ministry of Environment and NDU; J Mosaheb, Mauritius Oceanography Institute; K Mulleegadoo, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; Y Mungroo, Mauritian Wildlife Foundation; R Mungur, Ministry of Public Utilities; M Nallee, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; Dr. J Naugah, Mauritius Institute of Education; F C Nayamuth, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; R Ng Cheong, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; N Padayatchy, Bioculture Ltd; Dr. B Pathack, Meteorological Services; C N Paupiah, Albion Fisheries Research Centre; A Perrine, Rodrigues Regional Assembly; S Persand, Mauritius Oceanography Institute; Dr. A Poonyth, Mauritius Oceanography Institute; D Prithipaul, Ministry of Environment and NDU; D Puchooa, University of Mauritius; M Puttoo, National Parks and Conservation Service; H Rajcoomar, Ministry of Housing and Lands; D Rajkoomar, Ministry of Environment and NDU; Dr. K Ramdoyal, Mauritius Sugar Industry Research Institute; Dr. S Ramen, Ministry of Health and Quality of Life; P Ramgolam, Ministry of Environment and NDU; I Ramma, Agricultural Research and Extension Unit; U Ramrecha, SSR Botanical Garden Trust; J D Ramrekha, Ministry of Environment and NDU; S Ramrekha, Ministry of Environment and NDU; D Rawojee, Ministry of Local Government; D Romooah, National Transport Authority; K Ruhomaun, National Parks and Conservation Service; Dr A Rumjaun, Mauritius Institute of Education; D Rumjeet, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; R Rutty, Forestry Service; R Sadal, Mauritius Oceanography Institute; O Sadasing, Beach Authority; J Sauzier, Mauritius Deer Farming Cooperative Society Ltd; S Seeruttun, Ministry of Agro-Industry and Fisheries; D Seesurrun, Ministry of Environment and NDU; R Seewoonauth, National Federation of Young Farmers Club; N Soogun, Ministry of Environment and NDU; S Sookhraz, Central Electricity Board; A Sookun, Ministry of Environment and NDU; V Tatayah, Mauritian Wildlife Foundation; D Tatur-Ramasamy, Ministry of Environment and NDU; V Tezoo, Forestry Service; Y Thorabally, Central Statistics Office; S Veerasamy, Meteorological Services and other Mauritian and Rodriguan stakeholders b Table of Content Page Chapter I Introduction 1 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Background 3 1.2 Rationale of the NCSA 5 1.3 Overview of Participation and Preparation Process 6 Chapter II Identified Thematic Priority Issues 7 2 Identified Thematic Priority Issues 8 2.1 Biodiversity – Summary Overview 8 2.2 Climate Change – Summary Overview 11 2.3 Land Degradation – Summary Overview 13 Chapter III Capacity Constraints and Opportunities for Capacity Building 16 3 Capacity Constraints and Opportunities for Capacity Building 17 Chapter IV Opportunities for Synergistic and Cross-Cutting Capacity Building 19 4 Opportunities for Synergistic and Cross-Cutting Capacity Building 20 4.1 Scientific and Technical Linkages 21 4.2 Barriers to Achieve Synergy 22 4.3 Synergies at the National Level 22 4.3.1 Institutional Requirement 22 4.3.2 Activities around which institutions can work synergistically 26 4.3.2.1 Education and Public Outreach 27 4.3.2.2 Data Management, Information Access and Networking 27 4.3.2.3 Training AND Re-training 30 4.3.2.4 Research 32 Chapter V Strategic Recommendations for Capacity Building to Protect the National and Global Environment 36 5.1 Policy Context 37 5.2 Systems and Institutional Framework 37 5.3 Synergy Opportunities for Cross Cutting Activities 39 5.4 Biodiversity 40 5.4.1 Forest/ Terrestrial Biodiversity 40 5.4.2 Inland Water, Coastal and Marine Biodiversity 43 5.4.3 Agricultural Biodiversity 49 5.4.4 Biotechnology 53 5.5 Climate Change 57 5.5.1 Science and Variability 57 5.5.2 Response and Mitigation: Energy Sector 59 5.5.3 Response and Mitigation: Transport 65 5.5.4 Vulnerability and Adaptation 69 5.6 Land Degradation 75 5.7 Capacity Building Strategy for Rodrigues 81 5.7.1 Biodiversity 81 5.7.1.1 Terrestrial Biodiversity in Rodrigues 81 c 5.7.1.2 Fresh Water, Coastal and Marine Biodiversity in Rodrigues 82 5.7.1.3 Agro-biodiversity and Biotechnology 84 5.7.2 Land Degradation 86 Chapter VI Way Forward 90 6 Way Forward 91 7 References 92 d List of Figures Page Figure 4.1 Present institutional structure for the implementation of the various 24 measures of relevance to the 3 Rio instruments Figure 4.2 Proposed revised institutional mechanism that would function as an inter- 25 ministerial coordination committee Figure 4.3 Concept of the Mauritius EIS 28 List of Tables Page Table 1.1 Main environment indicators for 1995 and 2004 4 Table 1.2 Stages in conducting the NCSA for the Republic of Mauritius 6 Table 2.1 Prioritised issues under the Biodiversity thematic area 10 Table 2.2 Prioritised issues under Climate Change thematic area 12 Table 2.3 Prioritised issues under land degradation thematic area 15 Table 4.1 Overlapping Requirements of Parties to the Rio Agreements 20 Annex 1 Table 3.1 Adapted Root Cause Matrix on Biodiversity: Terrestrial/ Forest I Biodiversity (mainland Mauritius) Table 3.2 Adapted Root Cause Matrix on Biodiversity: Inland Water, Coastal and V Marine Aquatic Biodiversity (mainland Mauritius) Table 3.3 Adapted Agro-biodiversity Root Cause Matrix (mainland Mauritius) Xi Table 3.4 Adapted Biotechnology Root Cause Matrix (mainland Mauritius) Xiv Table 3.5 Adapted Root Cause Matrix for Climate Change: Science and Variability Xvi (Mauritius and Rodrigues) Table 3.6 Adapted Root Cause Matrix for Climate Change: Response and Xx Mitigation: Energy (Mauritius and Rodrigues) Table 3.7 Adapted Root Cause Matrix for Climate Change: Response and Xxvii Mitigation: Transport (Mauritius and Rodrigues) Table 3.8 Adapted Root Cause Matrix for Climate Change: Vulnerability and Xxxiv Adaptation (Mauritius and Rodrigues) Table 3.9 Adapted Root Cause Matrix for Land Degradation (mainland Mauritius) Xl Table 3.10 a Adapted Root Cause Matrix – Terrestrial and Forest Biodiversity in Xliv Rodrigues Table 3.10 b Adapted Root Cause Matrix – Agro-biodiversity and Biotechnology in Xlvii Rodrigues Table 3.10 c Adapted Root Cause Matrix – Fresh Water, Coastal and Marine Xlix Biodiversity in Rodrigues Table 3.11 Adapted Root Cause Matrix – Land Degradation in Rodrigues Lii e Abbreviations