WATERS OF THE FUR TRADE Self-Directed Drive & Paddle One or Two Day Tour Welcome to a Routes on the Red self-directed tour of the Red River Valley. These itineraries guide you through the history and the geography of this beautiful and interesting landscape. Several different Routes on the Red, featuring driving, cycling, walking or canoeing/kayaking, lead you on an exploration of four historical and cultural themes: Fur Trading Routes on the Red; Settler Routes on the Red; Natural and First Nations Routes on the Red; and Art and Cultural Routes on the Red. The purpose of this route description is to provide information on a self-guided drive and canoe/kayak trip. While you enjoy yourself, please drive and canoe or kayak carefully as you are responsible to ensure your own safety and that these activities are within your skill and abilities. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information in this description is accurate and up to date. However, we are unable to accept responsibility for any inconvenience, loss or injury sustained as a result of anyone relying upon this information. Embark on a one or two day exploration of the Red River and plentiful waters of the Red. At the end of your second day, related waters. Fur trading is the main theme including a canoe you will have a lovely drive back to Winnipeg along the east or kayak paddle along the Red River to arrive at historic Lower side of the Red River. Fort Garry and its costumed recreation and interpretation of Accommodations in Selkirk are listed at the end of Day 1. life at a bustling trading fort. Relax with other water-themed If you do not want to do the full 2 day tour, you can enjoy activities, including a choice of paddling north along the Red Day 1 or Day 2 independently of each other. Additionally, to St. Peter Dynevor Church or along Cooks Creek, splashing if you do not wish to stay overnight in Selkirk, you can return in water slides and fishing for catfish in the Red River. home for the night and come back the next day to participate The first day is a full day tour with a short drive up to Selkirk in whatever activity you did not do the day before. Some Municipal Park and with the rest of the day for your canoe activities on Day 2 require reservations, so please read ahead or kayak excursion to Lower Fort Garry. The second day to identify what you would like to do and phone to reserve you have a number of options for water-based activities space, if necessary. It is also possible to enjoy the activities in the Selkirk region, including a second day of canoeing for Day 2 on any other excursion to the Selkirk area. or kayaking or perhaps trying your hand at fishing the Canoeing and Kayaking Responsibilities and Tips: Federal regulations require the following: • in a large river such as the Red avoid paddling down • waterproof flashlight if paddling at dawn or dusk; the middle as there is plenty of boat traffic in the summer; • lifejacket for each person and of the appropriate size; • bring more drinking water than you think you will need • signalling device (such as a whistle); (in a non breakable container); • bailing device (half a 2 litre coke bottle, bucket etc.); • be a competent swimmer; • at least 15 meters of floating rope. • be prepared to get wet; • dress for the temperature and in layers that can be added or taken off during the day (don’t forget a sun hat or toque); • bring extra clothes in a waterproof bag (being cold and wet is a very bad thing!); • wear shoes in case you need to get out of the canoe/kayak quickly; • you may wish to bring a bike chain and lock – to secure your canoe/kayak when you arrive at your destination. 2 On today’s trip you will visit the following sites: St. Andrew’s-on-the-Red Church and Captain Kennedy House and Garden Cemetery, and Rectory – River Road,(PR 238) River Road, (PR 238) phone: (204) 334-6405 phone: (204) 334-2498 Open daily 10:00-5:00 Open mid-May to Labour Day. In May & June mid-May to Labour Day weekend call for hours. July & August: Tuesday - Friday: 11:00-4:30; Saturday, Sunday and Lower Fort Garry – 5981 PTH 9, Holiday Monday': 11:00-5:00 St. Andrews, Manitoba phone: 1-877-534-3678 St. Peter Dynevor Church – Selkirk, Manitoba fax: (204)-486-5887 phone: (204) 482-8602 email: [email protected]. www.rmofstclements.com Open May 15 to Labour Day 1, 9:00-5:00 Pick up supplies at The Forks or in Selkirk for each day of activity. Day 1 For the First Nations peoples and the Europeans who first eastern side of the lake to Norway House, where they picked arrived in the west, the rivers that crisscrossed the continent up supplies for the Mackenzie River district. The brigade had constituted a great transportation network. This was certainly left these supplies there on its way back from York Factory the the case for the Hudson’s Bay Company in the 17th to 19th previous year. From Norway House the brigade headed west centuries. In 1670 it had been granted control of all the territory across Lake Winnipeg and then through a series of lakes and drained by waters flowing into Hudson Bay. To ensure economic rivers until they arrived at La Loche. There a brigade from the success in their fur trading ventures, the company’s primary Mackenzie River district would be waiting with the proceeds challenge was to find the most efficient way of moving men, (furs) of the winter’s trade and men who were leaving the trade goods, and furs through this network. The HBC’s company’s service. The brigades would exchange cargo and headquarters were in London and each spring ships set off the Portage La Loche Brigade would head for York Factory, from there for Hudson Bay. As soon as they arrived at York where the ships would be waiting. It had become a tradition Factory on the shores of the bay and the company’s main that the tripmen would receive a regale of rum as a reward for depot, there was a flurry of activity as the cargo was unloaded completing the journey to York Factory, so their sojourn there and furs destined for Europe were stowed aboard ship and was not all work. Nevertheless, it was crucial that the ships be the vessels hurried back out to sea. They could not stay long loaded as quickly as possible and that the brigade set off on because if the bay froze they were marooned until the follow- the journey back to Lower Fort Garry as quickly as possible. ing spring. Timing was, therefore, everything, and a great deal They also had to stop briefly at Norway House to deposit the depended on the arrival of the brigades from the interior with supplies that would be stored there for next year’s brigade to their loads of furs. By the 1830s the Red River was an important pick up on its way to Portage La Loche. The whole journey part of this whole system because Lower Fort Garry was the took them about 4 months. beginning and the end of the brigades’ journey and Métis men As you paddle along the Red River to Lower Fort Garry, who lived in the area worked as the tripmen in the boats that you’ll see it from the same perspective as the Portage La Loche made up the brigades. tripmen as they neared the end of their long journey across The men were hired during the winter, but their tour of duty much of western Canada.. However, keep in mind as you paddle began the first week of the following June when they departed serenely up the river, you’re steering small, light canoes while from the Red River settlement. The most important brigade was they were rowing heavy, large York boats. Named after York known as the Portage La Loche Brigade because it travelled all Factory, these boats were adopted by the HBC during the 18th the way to the Lac La Loche, far in the northwest of present-day century because they were more durable than canoes and Saskatchewan. The brigade was made up of 4 to 8 boats. carried more cargo with the same size crew. They varied in size It first travelled down the Red River to Lake Winnipeg, along the but were usually 12.6 metres long and could carry over 2700 kg. 3 The crew was made up of 6 to 8 men. The steersman and the Factory with the furs so that the ships could leave the Bay bowsman were in charge, while the rest of the men rowed. It before the ice set in and make sure they themselves left was hard work: the oars weighed over 11kg and were almost York Factory in good time, since they spent the fall hunting 5 metres long and the men often had to row 16 hours a day. on the plains in order to lay up a stock of food for the winter. At points along the route where rivers could not be rowed it Fortunately, you can take your time, enjoy the beauty of the was necessary to pull the boat over rollers, so a portage with river, and not have to worry about unloading huge bundles a York boat was far more onerous than one with a canoe.