Maynooth Library 00353817 L O - m m m NUC MAYNOOTH Land and people in Wicklow, 1660-1840. Vol. 2 of 2 by BRIAN FRANCIS GURRIN in two volumes THESIS FOR THE DEGREE OF PhD DEPARTMENT OF MODERN HISTORY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF IRELAND MAYNOOTH HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: Professor R. V. Comerford Supervisor of research: Professor Raymond Gillespie September 2006 Table of contents, volume 2 List of figures..................................................................................................................... ii List of tables........................................................................................................................ v Chapter 6 - Social relationships, shared morals and structural hierarchies................1 Marriage and family formation.................................................................................... 1 Fluctuating marriage age, and stagnating population levels....................................8 Sexuality, the public consciousness and popular conventions...............................10 Gender balances and imperfect unions.....................................................................24 ‘Mixed’ marriages....................................................................................................... 36 Inside the eighteenth-century household, a view on south-Wicklow...................39 Conclusion.....................................................................................................................44 References, chapter 6 ...................................................................................................47 Chapter 7 - Communities, relationships, and the organisation of local societies... 51 The parish as a social network....................................................................................51 Parish administration, and the the canons of 1634..................................................54 A creeping disenfranchisement: vestry politics, and the problem of Catholic pluralities....................................................................................................................... 61 Parish pews and parish politics: the social hierarchies underpinning community order...........................................................................................................66 No taxation without representation: the declining loyalty of the Protestant parishioner.....................................................................................................................77 Parish officials - the churchwarden, and his assistant............................................85 Parish officials - other officers...................................................................................96 Parish office, confessional loyalty and the hierarchy of wealth.......................... 101 Catholic Church structures in eighteenth-century Wicklow................................117 Hidden tensions, and the portents for civil war......................................................126 References, chapter 7 .................................................................................................134 Conclusion........................................................................................................................... 152 Appendices........................................................................................................................... 160 References, appendices............................................................................................. 349 Bibliography........................................................................................................................ 356 Figures, volume 2 Chapter 6 Figure 153 - Age at marriage for females in Wicklow Church of Ireland parish registers.......................................................................................................................6 Figure 154 - Calculated mean and median ages of Protestant brides throughout Wicklow, 1681-1800................................................................................................ 9 Figure 155 - Interval between marriage and the baptism of a first child, Anglican marriage registers, 1660- 1805............................................................................ 15 Figure 156 - Interval between marriage and the baptism of a first child, Wicklow Catholic marriage registers, 1750 - 1777...........................................................17 Figure 157 - Illegitimacy rates in Wicklow Catholic parish, 1749 - 1775............20 Figure 158 - Number of first baptisms occurring per monthly interval before and after marriage, Anglican registers........................................................................ 24 Figure 159 - Number of first baptisms occurring per monthly interval before and after marriage, Catholic registers..........................................................................24 Figure 160 - Female and male literacy levels, 1841..................................................26 Figure 161 - Householder gender ratios in 1766, various parishes......................... 27 Figure 162 - Aggregate sums received from weekly charity collections at Delgany, January 1790 - December 1809.......................................................... 32 Figure 163 - Cumulative charity contributions and amounts paid each year per pensioner, Delgany, twenty-year period, 1790-1809.........................................34 Figure 164 - Nominal and real value (normalised to 1785-9 price levels) of the Delgany union’s pension, 1790-1809.................................................................. 35 Figure 165 - Mean household size (MHS) in south Wicklow, c. 1729.................. 40 Figure 166 - Proportionate increse in household size in three areas of greater Wicklow between 1766 and 1821........................................................................ 43 Figure 167 - Nuclear family size in south Wicklow, c. 1729...................................44 Figure 168 - Number of offspring living with one or both parents, south Wicklow, c. 1729......................................................................................................................44 Chapter 7 Figure 169 - Cess payments in Wicklow town, 1761................................................84 Figure 170 - Rotating the office of churchwarden.....................................................86 Figure 171 - Rotating the office of sidesman............................................................. 96 Figure 172 - Confessional allegiances of constables in Monkstown union, 1760- 71............................................................................................................................. 104 Figure 173 - Distribution of the constableship among confessional groupings in Monkstown, 1760-71............................................................................................105 Figure 174 - Confessional allegiances of overseers / appraisers in Monkstown union, 1760-70.......................................................................................................110 Figure 175 - Changing denominational focus in the appointment of overseers in Monkstown union, 1760-9...................................................................................112 Figure 176 - Catholic involvement in the operation of parish structures and local government in various Wicklow parishes, 1760s............................................ 116 Figure 177 - Catholic church structures in 1731..................................................... 120 Figure 178 - Catholic patterns and holy wells in Wicklow during the eighteenth century....................................................................................................................122 Figure 179 - Catholic church structures, 1760s........................................................125 Figure 180 - Claims for losses arising from 1798 Rebellion, by barony.............. 131 Figure 181 - Attacks on ecclesiastical infrastructures in Wicklow, 1798-99.......132 Appendices Figure 182-1615 regal visitation data for Wicklow...............................................162 Figure 183 - The character of the surviving 1766 material for Wicklow 167 Figure 184 - Comparison between Irish estimated population-growth rates and English, Scottish and Norwegian rates..............................................................180 Figure 185 - Ballydonagh Lane, July 2005...............................................................184 Figure 186 - Ballydonagh Lane on Jacob Nevill’s Map and modem OS map ..185 Figure 187 - Confessional distribution in Athy baptismal registers, 1669-1677.240 Figure 188 - Confessional distribution in Athy burial registers, 1669-1677........240 Figure 189 - Aghowle union, aggregation of baptisms and burials...................... 247 Figure 190 - Athy union, aggregation of baptisms and burials............................. 248 Figure 191 - Blessington union, aggregation of baptisms and burials..................249 Figure 192 - Bray union, aggregation of baptisms and burials............................. 250 Figure 193 - Carlow union, aggregation of baptisms and burials.........................251 Figure 194 - Castlemacadam union, aggregation of baptisms and burials 252 Figure 195 - Delgany union, aggregation of baptisms and burials........................253 Figure 196 - Donaghmore parish, aggregation of baptisms and burials.............. 254 Figure 197 - Dunlavin union, aggregation