the Skeptical Inquirer SPONTANEOUS HUMAN COMBUSTION Facts vs. Myth Subliminal Deception Linguistics & Past Lives Is the Universe Improbable? JAL Pilot UFO Psychic Exposed Psi & Children's Literature A 'Psychic' Computer VOL. XI NO. 4 / SUMMER 1987 $5.00 Published by the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal the Skeptical Inquirer THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is the official journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal. Editor Kendrick Frazier. Editorial Board James E. Alcock, Martin Gardner, Ray Hyman, Philip J. Klass, Paul Kurtz, James Randi. Consulting Editors Isaac Asimov, William Sims Bainbridge, John R. Cole, Kenneth L. Feder, C. E. M_ Hansel, E. C. Krupp, Andrew Neher, James E. Oberg, Robert Sheaffer, Steven N. Shore. Managing Editor Doris Hawley Doyle. Public Relations Director Barry Karr. Production Editor Kelli Sechrist. Business Manager Mary Rose Hays. Systems Programmer Richard Seymour. Typesetting Paul E. Loynes. Audio Technician Vance Vigrass. Librarian, Peter Kalshoven. Stall Norman Forney, Mary Beth Gehrman, Diane Gerard, Erin O'Hare, Alfreda Pidgeon, Andrea Sammarco, Lori Van Amburgh. Cartoonist Rob Pudim. The Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Paul Kurtz, Chairman; philosopher, State University of New York at Buffalo. Lee Nisbet, Special Projects Director. Mark Plummer, Executive Director. Fellows of the Committee James E. Alcock, psychologist, York Univ., Toronto; Eduardo Amaldi, physicist, University of Rome, Italy. Isaac Asimov, biochemist, author; Irving Biederman, psychologist, SUNY at Buffalo; Brand Blanshard, philosopher, Yale; Mario Bunge, philosopher, McGill University; Bette Chambers, A.H.A.; John H. Cole, anthropologist, Institute for the Study of Human Issues; F. H. C. Crick, biophysicist, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, Calif.; L. Sprague de Camp, author, engineer; Bernard Dixon, science writer, consultant; Paul Edwards, philos­ opher, Editor, Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Antony Flew, philosopher, Reading Univ., U.K.; Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer, executive officer, Astronomical Society of the Pacific; editor of Mercury; Kendrick Frazier, science writer, Editor, THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER; Yves Galifret, Exec. Secretary, l'Union Rationaliste; Martin Gardner, author, critic; Murray Gell-Mann, professor of physics, California Institute of Technology; Henry Gordon, magician, columnist, broadcaster, Toronto; Stephen Jay Gould, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard Univ.; C. E. M. Hansel, psychologist, Univ. of Wales; Al Hibbs, scientist, Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Sidney Hook, prof, emeritus of philosophy, NYU; Ray Hyman, psychologist, Univ. of Oregon; Leon Jaroff, sciences editor, Time; Lawrence Jerome, science writer, engineer; Philip J. Klass, science writer, engineer; Marvin Kohl, philosopher, SUNY College at Fredonia; Edwin C. Krupp, astronomer, director, Griffith Observatory; Lawrence Kusche, science writer; Paul MacCready, scientist/engineer, AeroVironment, Inc., Monrovia, Calif.; David Marks, psychologist. University College London; William V. Mayer, biologist, University of Colorado, Boulder; David Morrison, professor of astronomy. University of Hawaii; Dorothy Nelkin, sociologist, Cornell University. Lee Nisbet, philosopher, Medaille College; James E. Oberg, science writer; Mark Plummer, lawyer, acting executive director, CSICOP, Buffalo, N. Y.; W. V. Quine, philosopher, Harvard Univ.; James Randi, magician, author; Carl Sagan, astronomer, Cornell Univ.; Evry Scbatzman, President, French Physics Association; Thomas A. Sebeok, anthropologist, linguist, Indiana University; Robert Sheaffer, science writer; B. F. Skinner, psychologist, Harvard Univ.; Dick Smith, film producer, publisher, Terrey Hills, N.S.W., Australia; Robert Steiner, magician, author, El Cerrito, California; Stephen Toulmin, professor of social thought and philosophy, Univ. of Chicago; Marvin Zelen, statistician, Harvard Univ.; Marvin Zimmerman, philosopher, SUNY at Buffalo. (Affiliations given for identification only.) Manuscripts, letters, books for review, and editorial inquiries should be addressed to Kendrick Frazier, Editor, THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER. 3025 Palo Alto Dr., N.E., Albuquerque, NM 87111. Subscriptions, change of address, and advertising should be addressed to: THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER, Box 229, Buffalo, NY 14215-0229. Old address as well as new are necessary for change of subscriber's address, with six weeks advance notice. Inquiries from the media and the public about the work of the Committee should be made to Paul Kurtz, Chairman, CSICOP, Box 229, Buffalo, NY 14215-0229. Tel.: (716) 834-3222. Articles, reports, reviews, and letters published in THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER represent the views and work of individual authors. Their publication does not necessarily constitute an endorsement by CSICOP or its members unless so stated. Copyright 11987 by the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal, 3159 Bailey Ave., Buffalo, NY 14215-0229. Subscription Rates: Individuals, libraries, and institutions, $20.00 a year; back issues, $5.00 each (vol. 1, no. I through vol. 2, no. 2, $7.50 each). Postmaster: THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER is published quarterly. Spring, Summer, Fall, and Winter. Printed in the U.S.A. Second-class postage paid at Buffalo, New York, and additional mailing offices. Send changes of address to THE SKEPTICAL INQUIRER, BOX 229, Buffalo, NY 14215-0229. Skeptical Inquirer Journal of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal Vol. XI, No. 4 ISSN 0194-6730 Summer 1987 SPECIAL REPORTS 322 FAA Data Sheds New Light on JAL Pilot's UFO Report by Philip J. Klass 327 The Unmasking of Psychic Jason Michaels by Richard Busch ARTICLES 352 Incredible Cremations: Investigating Spontaneous Combustion Deaths by Joe Nickell and John F. Fischer 358 Subliminal Deception: Pseudosclence on the College Lecture Circuit by Thomas L. Creed 367 Past Tongues Remembered? by Sarah G. Thomason 376 Is the Universe Improbable? by David A. Shotwell 383 Psychics, Computers, and Psychic Computers by Thomas A. Easton 389 Pseudosclence and Children's Fantasies by Gwyneth Evans NEWS AND COMMENT 331 Time-Life and the Paranormal / Mainlining of Mysticism / Darts from Omni I Psychic Predictions / No Comment NOTES OF A FRINGE-WATCHER 337 Thoughts on Science and Superstrings by Martin Gardner PSYCHIC VIBRATIONS 341 New Age Yellow Pages, extraterrestrial experiences, and faster-than-light travel by Robert Sheaffer FORUM 346 The Cold Reading of Writing by Kenneth Feder 348 Out-of-Body Travel and Other New Age Wonders by Henry Gordon 350 Subliminal Influence by Loren Pankratz BOOK REVIEWS 400 K. D. Moore, A Field Guide to Inductive Arguments (Ray Hyman) 405 Keith E. Stanovich, How to Think Straight About Psychology (Wayne Bartz) 407 Richard Dawkins, The Blind Watchmaker (Gordon Stein) 409 Vladimir Markotic, ed., The Sasquatch and Other Unknown Hominoids (Michael R. Dennett) 412 John Putnam Demos, Entertaining Satan: Witchcraft and the Culture of Early New England (Michael R. Dennett) 415 SOME RECENT BOOKS 416 ARTICLES OF NOTE FOLLOW-UP 418 Statistics on Dean's Astrology Article, /. J. Good, Paul A. Reeves, and Geoffrey Dean 423 FROM OUR READERS Special Reports FAA Data Sheds New Light On JAL Pilot's UFO Report Philip J. Klass HE UFO MOVEMENT, suffering FAA controllers during the incident, tape Tfrom an extended drought of excit­ recordings and transcripts of FAA inter­ ing new UFO incidents to attract media views with the three JAL crew members and public interest, got a sorely needed in early January, about six weeks after shot in the arm in early January, when it the incident occurred, and a copy of the was disclosed that the pilot of a Japan revealing report that Captain Terauchi Air Lines 747 cargo airliner had reported submitted to the FAA, also in early an encounter with a giant UFO over January. Alaska on November 17, while flying to In releasing all available data on the Anchorage from France. The incident had incident, the FAA's Alaskan Region pub­ occurred in twilight conditions, starting lic affairs officer, Paul Steucke, noted about 6:15 P.M. local time, with the sun that his agency "does not have the re­ about 11 degrees below the horizon. sources or the Congressional mandate to According to initial press reports, the investigate sightings of unidentified flying incident seemed a classic. The principal objects. We have not tried to determine witness was an experienced captain, what the crew of Japan Air Lines flight Kenju Terauchi, whose reported visual #1628 saw based on scientific analysis of observations seemingly were confirmed the stars, planets, magnetic fields, angle by a USAF/Federal Aviation Admini­ of view, etc." stration radar. Additionally, the UFO During the initial phase of the seemingly paced the JAL 747 for more November 17 UFO incident, a long-range than 40 minutes, offering an extended USAF/FAA radar sporadically seemed period for observation by two other crew to show a single blip in the vicinity of members of the cargo aircraft loaded with the 747's radar blip—at a time when the French wine destined for Japan. pilot was reporting seeing several UFOs. Important new insights into the inci­ Fortunately, the FAA records radar data dent have since emerged as a result of (for subsequent analysis in event of a the FAA's wise decision to offer a com­ mid-air collision or a near-miss), and it plete data package to the public at modest was sent to the FAA's