A Publication of The Science and Information Organization (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 IJACSA Editorial From the Desk of Managing Editor… May 2011 bring something new in life. Let us bathe in a resolution to bring hopes and a spirit to overcome all the darkness of past year. We hope it provide a determination to start all things with a new beginning which we failed to complete in the past year, some new promises to make life more beautiful, peaceful and meaningful. Happy New Year and welcome to the first issue of IJACSA in 2011. With the onset of 2011, The Science and Information Organization enters into agreements for technical co- sponsorship with SETIT 2011 organizing committees as one means of promoting activities for the interest of its members. It’s a great opportunity to explore and learn new things, and meet new people The number of submissions we receive has increased dramatically over the last issues. Our ability to accommodate this growth is due in large part to the terrific work of our Editorial Board. In order to publish high quality papers, Manuscripts are evaluated for scientific accuracy, logic, clarity, and general interest. Each Paper in the Journal not merely summarizes the target articles, but also evaluates them critically, place them in scientific context, and suggest further lines of inquiry. As a consequence only 30% of the received articles have been finally accepted for publication. IJACSA emphasizes quality and relevance in its publications. In addition, IJACSA recognizes the importance of international influences on Computer Science education and seeks international input in all aspects of the journal, including content, authorship of papers, readership, paper reviewers, and Editorial Board membership The success of authors and the journal is interdependent. While the Journal is advancing to a new phase, it is not only the Editor whose work is crucial to producing the journal. The editorial board members , the peer reviewers, scholars around the world who assess submissions, students, and institutions who generously give their expertise in factors small and large— their constant encouragement has helped a lot in the progress of the journal and earning credibility amongst all the reader members. We hope to continue exploring the always diverse and often astonishing fields in Advanced Computer Science and Applications Thank You for Sharing Wisdom! Managing Editor IJACSA January 2011 [email protected] (i) http://ijacsa.thesai.org/ (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 Editorial Board Dr. Kohei Arai – Editor-in-Chief Saga University Domains of Research: Human-Computer Interaction, Networking, Information Retrievals, Optimization Theory, Modeling and Simulation, Satellite Remote Sensing, Computer Vision, Decision Making Methodology Dr. Ka Lok Man Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University (XJTLU) Domain of Research: Computer Science and Microelectronics Dr. Sasan Adibi Research In Motion (RIM) Domain of Research: Security of wireless systems, Quality of Service Dr. Zuqing Zuh University of Science and Technology of China Domains of Research : Optical Communication Systems, Optical network architecture and design, Next generation Internet, Signal processing, Broadband access network, such as cable access (DOCSIS) networks, passive optical networks (PON), fiber to the home (FTTH), Energy-efficient network and green technologies Dr. Sikha Bagui University of West Florida Domain of Research: Database, database modeling, ER diagrams, XML data, web databases, data mining, association rule mining, data preprocessing Dr. T. V. Prasad Lingaya's University Domain of Research: Bioinformatics, Natural Language Processing, Image Processing, Robotics, Knowledge Representation Dr. Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia Domain of Research: Data Mining, Database, Web-based Application, Mobile Computing (ii) www.ijacsa.thesai.org (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 IJACSA Reviewer Board Abbas Karimi I.A.U_Arak Branch (Faculty Member) & Universiti Putra Malaysia Dr. Abdul Wahid University level Teaching and Research, Gautam Buddha University, India Abdur Rashid Khan Dr. Ahmed Nabih Zaki Rashed Menoufia University, Egypt Md. Akbar Hossain Doctoral Candidate, Marie Curie Fellow, Aalborg University, Denmark and AIT, Greeceas Albert Alexander Kongu Engineering College,India Prof. AlcÕnia Zita Sampaio Technical University of Lisbon Amit Verma Rayat & Bahra Engineering College, Mohali, India Arash Habibi Lashakri University Technology Malaysia (UTM), Malaysia Aung Kyaw Oo B R SARATH KUMAR Principal of Lenora College of Engineering, India Dr.C.Suresh Gnana Dhas Professor, Computer Science & Engg. Dept Mr. Chakresh kumar Assistant professor, Manav Rachna International University, India Chandrashekhar Meshram Shri Shankaracharya Engineering College, India Prof. D. S. R. Murthy Professor in the Dept. of Information Technology (IT), SNIST, India. (iii) http://ijacsa.thesai.org/ (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 Prof. Dhananjay R.Kalbande Assistant Professor at Department of Computer Engineering, Sardar Patel Institute of Technology, Andheri (West),Mumbai, India Dhirendra Mishra SVKM's NMIMS University, India Hanumanthappa.J Research Scholar Department Of Computer Science University of Mangalore, Mangalore, India Dr. Himanshu Aggarwal Associate Professor in Computer Engineering at Punjabi University, Patiala, India Dr. Jamaiah Haji Yahaya Senior lecturer, College of Arts and Sciences, Northern University of Malaysia (UUM), Malaysia Prof. Jue-Sam Chou Professor, Nanhua University, College of Science and Technology, Graduate Institute and Department of Information Management, Taiwan Dr. Juan Josè Martínez Castillo Yacambu University, Venezuela Dr. Jui-Pin Yang Department of Information Technology and Communication at Shih Chien University, Taiwan Dr. K.PRASADH METS SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, India Dr. Kamal Shah Associate Professor, Department of Information and Technology, St. Francis Institute of Technology, India Lai Khin Wee Technischen Universität Ilmenau, Germany Mr. Lijian Sun Research associate, GIS research centre at the Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, China Long Chen Qualcomm Incorporated M.V.Raghavendra Head, Dept of ECE at Swathi Institute of Technology & Sciences,India. (iv) http://ijacsa.thesai.org/ (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 Mahesh Chandra B.I.T., Mesra, Ranchi, India Md. Masud Rana Khunla University of Engineering & Technology, Bangladesh Dr. Michael Watts Research fellow, Global Ecology Group at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Australia Mohd Nazri Ismail University of Kuala Lumpur (UniKL) Mueen Malik University Technology Malaysia (UTM) Dr. N Murugesan Assistant Professor in the Post Graduate and Research Department of Mathematics, Government Arts College (Autonomous), Coimbatore, India Dr. Nitin Surajkishor Professor & Head, Computer Engineering Department, NMIMS, India Dr. Poonam Garg Chairperson IT Infrastructure, Information Management and Technology Area, India Pradip Jawandhiya Assistant Professor & Head of Department Rajesh Kumar Malaviya National Institute of Technology (MNIT), INDIA Dr. Rajiv Dharaskar Professor & Head, GH Raisoni College of Engineering, India Prof. Rakesh L Professor, Department of Computer Science, Vijetha Institute of Technology, India Prof. Rashid Sheikh Asst. Professor, Computer science and Engineering, Acropolis Institute of Technology and Research, India Rongrong Ji Harbin Institute of Technology (v) http://ijacsa.thesai.org/ (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 Dr. Ruchika Malhotra Delhi Technological University, India Dr.Sagarmay Deb University Lecturer, Central Queensland University, Australia Dr. Sana'a Wafa Al-Sayegh Assistant Professor of Computer Science at University College of Applied Sciences UCAS-Palestine Dr. Smita Rajpal ITM University Gurgaon,India Suhas J Manangi Program Manager, Microsoft India R&D Pvt Ltd Sunil Taneja Smt. Aruna Asaf Ali Government Post Graduate College, India Dr. Suresh Sankaranarayanan Department of Computing, Leader, Intelligent Networking Research Group, in the University of West Indies, Kingston, Jamaica T V Narayana Rao Professor and Head, Department of C.S.E –Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management, India Totok R. Biyanto Engineering Physics Department - Industrial Technology Faculty, ITS Surabaya Varun Kumar Institute of Technology and Management, India Dr. V. U. K. Sastry Dean (R & D), SreeNidhi Institute of Science and Technology (SNIST), Hyderabad, India. Vinayak Bairagi Sinhgad Academy of engineering, Pune Vuda Sreenivasarao St.Mary’s college of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad, India. Mr.Zhao Zhang Department of Electronic Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong (vi) http://ijacsa.thesai.org/ (IJACSA) International Journal of Advanced Computer Science and Applications, Vol. 2, No.1, January 2011 CONTENTS Paper 1: Computing knowledge and Skills Demand: A Content Analysis of Job Adverts in Botswana Authors: Y. Ayalew, Z. A. Mbero, T. Z. Nkgau, P. Motlogelwa, A.