Department of the Premier Report on the Economic and Socio- Economic State and Growth Prospects of the 12 Proclaimed Fishing Harbours in the Western Cape November 2012 Final consolidated report TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ i 1 Introduction and purpose ................................................................................. 1 1.1 Project approach ..................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Project background ................................................................................................. 3 2 Policy and institutional context ........................................................................ 4 2.1 Historical context ..................................................................................................... 4 2.2 Local government context ....................................................................................... 4 2.3 Policy governing fishing harbours ........................................................................... 6 2.4 Key legislation relevant to fishing harbour governance............................................ 8 2.5 Previous investigations into harbour governance and management models to promote local socio-economic gains ..................................................................... 10 3 Assessment of fishing harbours and communities ...................................... 15 3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 15 3.1 Overview of the different roles of harbours within diverse socio-economic contexts 15 3.2 West Coast harbours ............................................................................................ 15 3.2.1 Regional socio-economic context ................................................................ 15 3.2.2 Lamberts Bay .............................................................................................. 17 3.2.3 St Helena Bay ............................................................................................. 23 3.2.4 Saldanha Bay .............................................................................................. 30 3.2.5 Laaiplek ....................................................................................................... 38 3.3 Metropolitan harbours ........................................................................................... 44 3.3.1 City context ................................................................................................. 44 3.3.2 Hout Bay ..................................................................................................... 45 3.3.3 Kalk Bay ...................................................................................................... 52 3.3.4 Gordon’s Bay .............................................................................................. 58 3.4 South Coast harbours ........................................................................................... 66 3.4.1 Regional soio-economic context .................................................................. 66 3.4.2 Hermanus .................................................................................................... 66 3.4.3 Gansbaai ..................................................................................................... 76 3.4.4 Arniston ....................................................................................................... 85 3.4.5 Struisbaai .................................................................................................... 88 3.4.6 Stilbaai ........................................................................................................ 92 4 Benchmarking of international approaches to fishing harbour .................. 95 4.1 Introduction and approach to benchmarking ......................................................... 95 4.2 Benchmarking summary ....................................................................................... 95 4.3 Whitstable Port (UK) ............................................................................................. 96 4.4 Fishing harbours in Canada .................................................................................. 98 4.5 Coastal Resource Management Councils - (Philippines) ....................................... 99 4.6 Kaipara Harbour (New Zealand) ......................................................................... 100 4.7 The Netherlands ................................................................................................. 101 4.8 EU Fisheries Fund (AXIS 4) ................................................................................ 101 4.9 Key lessons from benchmarking for South Africa ................................................ 103 5 Market and value chain research ................................................................. 104 5.1 Overview of the relative scale of value chains and activity within harbours ......... 104 5.2 Review of the South African Fishing industry ...................................................... 105 5.2.1 Introduction ............................................................................................... 105 5.2.2 South African Fishery Macroeconomic Data .............................................. 106 5.2.3 Institutional and legal environment ............................................................ 107 5.2.4 Fishery resource management .................................................................. 107 5.2.5 Political economy ...................................................................................... 108 5.2.6 Infrastructure ............................................................................................. 109 5.2.7 Key locations, fishery landings and trends ................................................. 109 5.2.8 Industry issues, trends and strengths ........................................................ 112 5.2.9 Major fishery value chains ......................................................................... 119 3.2.5 Fishing gear manufacturer and repair service providers ............................ 127 5.3 Aquaculture ......................................................................................................... 128 5.3.1 The abalone aquaculture value chain ........................................................ 128 5.3.2 The mussel value chain ............................................................................. 130 5.3.3 The oyster value chain .............................................................................. 131 5.3.4 The salmon value chain ............................................................................. 132 5.3.5 Conclusions ............................................................................................... 134 5.4 Boatbuilding and repair ....................................................................................... 135 5.5 Tourism value chain ............................................................................................ 141 5.6 Fine food ............................................................................................................. 154 5.7 Crafts .................................................................................................................. 158 5.8 Other creative industries including film, performing arts, visual arts, music ......... 162 5.9 Value chain and harbour linkages ....................................................................... 168 6 Identification of opportunities and constraints ........................................... 170 6.1 Overall opportunities and constraints .................................................................. 171 6.2 Opportunities and constraints for groups of harbours .......................................... 173 6.2.1 West Coast ................................................................................................ 173 6.2.2 Metro ......................................................................................................... 173 6.2.3 South Coast .............................................................................................. 173 6.2.4 Overview of potential opportunities for communities .................................. 173 6.3 Opportunities and constraints per harbours ......................................................... 175 6.3.1 Lamberts Bay ............................................................................................ 175 6.3.2 Laaiplek ..................................................................................................... 175 6.3.3 St Helena Bay ........................................................................................... 176 6.3.4 Saldanha Bay ............................................................................................ 177 6.3.5 Hout Bay ................................................................................................... 177 6.3.6 Kalk Bay .................................................................................................... 178 6.3.7 Gordon’s Bay ............................................................................................ 179 6.3.8 Hermanus .................................................................................................. 180 6.3.9 Gansbaai 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