The Republic of The Gambia Office of the President, Energy Division Renewable Energy Study for The Gambia FEASIBILITY STUDY Solar Home System Program FINAL Prepared by: Lahmeyer International GmbH LI/GE5 24.0203 December 2006 GOVERNMENT OF THE GAMBIA, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, ENERGY DIV IS ION Renewable Energy Study for The Gambia Feasibility Study SHS Program Table of Contents 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY............................................................................1-1 2 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................2-1 3 DEMAND ASSESSMENT...........................................................................3-1 3.1 Introduction..............................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Households .............................................................................................................3-1 3.2.1 Demand ............................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2.2 Screening ............................................................................................................. 3-2 3.2.3 Estimation of the overall population to be covered by the Program ........................... 3-7 3.2.4 Market Assessment............................................................................................... 3-8 3.3 Health Centres ......................................................................................................3-10 3.3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 3-10 3.3.2 Typical Clinic Services......................................................................................... 3-10 3.3.3 Typical Applications ............................................................................................ 3-11 3.3.4 Typical Electrical Appliance Data ......................................................................... 3-12 3.3.5 Health Centres in The Gambia............................................................................. 3-12 3.4 Schools..................................................................................................................3-14 3.4.1 Target Schools ................................................................................................... 3-14 3.4.2 Defined Typical Needs ........................................................................................ 3-14 3.5 ICT Centres ...........................................................................................................3-16 3.5.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 3-16 3.5.2 The rural market place......................................................................................... 3-17 3.5.3 Rural telecommunications fundamentals............................................................... 3-17 3.5.4 Power issues ...................................................................................................... 3-20 3.5.5 Low cost end-user terminals & delivery devices .................................................... 3-20 3.5.6 Development of an ICT Project in The Gambia...................................................... 3-21 3.5.7 Location ............................................................................................................. 3-22 3.5.8 Load assessment................................................................................................ 3-24 4 CONCEPTUAL DESIGN AND TECHNICAL LAYOUT ................................4-1 4.1 Households .............................................................................................................4-1 4.2 Health Centres ........................................................................................................4-3 4.3 Schools....................................................................................................................4-4 4.3.1 Upper Basic Schools ............................................................................................. 4-4 4.3.2 Senior Secondary Schools..................................................................................... 4-5 4.4 ICT Centres .............................................................................................................4-6 December 2006 Final Report feasibility_study_shs_final_061215.doc page i GOVERNMENT OF THE GAMBIA, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, ENERGY DIV IS ION Renewable Energy Study for The Gambia Feasibility Study SHS Program 5 COSTS ASSESSMENT..............................................................................5-1 5.1 Households .............................................................................................................5-1 5.1.1 Investment Costs .................................................................................................. 5-1 5.1.2 O&M Costs........................................................................................................... 5-2 5.2 Health Centres ........................................................................................................5-3 5.2.1 Investments Costs ................................................................................................ 5-3 5.2.2 O&M Costs........................................................................................................... 5-5 5.3 Schools....................................................................................................................5-6 5.3.1 Investments Costs ................................................................................................ 5-6 5.3.2 O&M Costs........................................................................................................... 5-8 5.4 ICT Centres .............................................................................................................5-8 5.4.1 Investments Costs ................................................................................................ 5-8 5.4.2 O&M Costs........................................................................................................... 5-9 6 INSTITUTIONAL ARRANGEMENTS, FINANCING MECHANISMS AND MANAGEMENT STRUCTURE ...................................................................6-1 6.1 Management of SHS Programme...........................................................................6-1 6.2 Financing mechanisms ...........................................................................................6-1 6.3 Product delivery mechanisms .................................................................................6-4 6.4 Financing of the Programme ..................................................................................6-6 6.5 Staged approach.....................................................................................................6-6 7 SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT .....................................7-1 7.1 The role of assessing and evaluating project impacts in the project cycle............7-1 7.1.1 Approach to the role of monitoring and evaluation in the project cycle....................... 7-1 7.1.2 Indicators for planning and project development...................................................... 7-1 7.1.3 Monitoring and evaluation...................................................................................... 7-4 7.2 Impacts on end users and changes in socio-economic environment ....................7-4 7.2.1 Rural households.................................................................................................. 7-4 7.2.2 Power for community-based services ..................................................................... 7-7 7.3 Strengthening policy and institutional support for solar energy .............................7-7 7.4 Strengthening the product support system.............................................................7-8 7.5 Capacity building and awareness creation.............................................................7-8 7.6 Environmental impacts............................................................................................7-9 8 FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC ANALYSIS .................................................8-1 8.1 Financial Analysis ...................................................................................................8-1 8.1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 8-1 8.1.2 Approach & Methodology ...................................................................................... 8-1 8.1.3 Assumptions......................................................................................................... 8-2 December 2006 Final Report feasibility_study_shs_final_061215.doc page ii GOVERNMENT OF THE GAMBIA, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT, ENERGY DIV IS ION Renewable Energy Study for The Gambia Feasibility Study SHS Program 8.1.4 Results................................................................................................................. 8-3 8.1.5 Conclusions.......................................................................................................... 8-5 8.2 Economic Analysis ..................................................................................................8-6 8.2.1 General 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