Table of Contents Page Acknowledgements............................................................................................................................... 1 Report Introduction ............................................................................................................................. 2 Ambient Air Quality Networks Introduction ............................................................................................................................................ 3 Criteria Pollutant Monitoring Networks................................................................................................. 5 Visibility Monitoring Networks in National Parks and Wilderness Areas............................................. 7 Urban Haze Networks ............................................................................................................................ 8 Photochemical Assessment Monitoring Stations Network (PAMS)...................................................... 9 National Air Toxics Trends Sites (NATTS)......................................................................................... 10 PM2.5 Chemical Speciation Network (CSN)......................................................................................... 11 Annual Ambient Network Monitoring Plan ......................................................................................... 11 Monitoring Methods............................................................................................................................. 13 Monitoring Data Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 15 Criteria Pollutants - 2007 Data Carbon Monoxide................................................................................................................................. 16 Nitrogen Dioxide.................................................................................................................................. 18 Sulfur Dioxide ...................................................................................................................................... 20 Ozone.................................................................................................................................................... 22 Particulate Matter Smaller Than 10 Microns (PM10) and smaller than 2.5 Microns (PM2.5) ............... 28 Criteria Pollutants - Compliance Carbon Monoxide................................................................................................................................. 35 Nitrogen Dioxide.................................................................................................................................. 38 Sulfur Dioxide ...................................................................................................................................... 38 Ozone - One hour ................................................................................................................................. 39 Ozone - Eight hour ............................................................................................................................... 39 Particulate Matter - PM10...................................................................................................................... 43 Particulate Matter - PM2.5 ..................................................................................................................... 50 Visibility Data Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 53 Class I Areas......................................................................................................................................... 54 Urban Haze........................................................................................................................................... 57 Accomplishments and Special Projects Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 60 Miami PM10 Planning Area Maintenance Plan and Pending Redesignation........................................ 60 Five Percent Annual Reasonable Further Progress for Metropolitan Phoenix [Maricopa County- Apache Junction Pinal County] Serious PM10 Nonattainment Area Plan Revision....................... 61 Rillito PM10 Planning Area Limited Maintenance Plan and Pending Redesignation........................... 62 Yuma PM10 Maintenance Plan, Pending Redesignation Request and Exceptional Events Demonstrations .............................................................................................................................. 62 Maricopa 8-Hour Ozone Nonattainment Area Plan ............................................................................. 63 Ajo PM10 Clean Data Finding, Maintenance Plan and Redesignation Request ................................... 64 Western Arizona/Sonora Border Air Quality Study (WASBAQS)...................................................... 64 Joint Air Toxics Assessment Project (JATAP) .................................................................................... 64 Regional Haze ...................................................................................................................................... 65 EPA’s Revisions to Eight-Hour Ozone Standard................................................................................. 65 EPA’s Revisions to Lead Standard....................................................................................................... 66 i Table of Contents Page Trends Introduction .......................................................................................................................................... 68 Ozone One-Hour Ozone Concentrations ......................................................................................................... 68 Eight-Hour Ozone Concentrations ....................................................................................................... 69 Particulates PM10...................................................................................................................................................... 74 PM2.5 ..................................................................................................................................................... 80 Visibility............................................................................................................................................... 84 Carbon Monoxide................................................................................................................................. 88 Conclusions .......................................................................................................................................... 90 Appendices Appendix 1 - Site Index ....................................................................................................................... 92 Appendix 2 - Acronyms and Abbreviations....................................................................................... 104 Appendix 3 - Related Web Sites ........................................................................................................ 107 Appendix 4 - Maps............................................................................................................................. 110 ii Table of Contents Page Tables Table 1 - Monitoring Networks Operating in Arizona........................................................................... 4 Table 2 - Monitoring Objectives for Air Quality Monitoring Sites........................................................ 5 Table 3 - Measurement Scales for Air Quality Monitoring Sites........................................................... 6 Table 4 - History of PAMS Monitoring in Metropolitan Phoenix ....................................................... 10 Table 5 - 2007 Carbon Monoxide (in ppm).......................................................................................... 17 Table 6 - 2007 Nitrogen Dioxide (in ppm)........................................................................................... 19 Table 7 - 2007 Sulfur Dioxide (in ppm)............................................................................................... 21 Table 8 - 2007 Ozone (in ppm), One-Hour Averages .......................................................................... 24 Table 9 - 2007 Ozone (in ppm) Eight-Hour Averages ......................................................................... 26 3 Table 10 - 2007 PM10 Data (in µg/m ) ................................................................................................. 31 3 Table 11 - 2007 PM2.5 Data (in µg/m )................................................................................................. 34 Table 12 - 2006 - 2007 One Hour Carbon Monoxide Compliance (in ppm) ....................................... 35 Table 13 - 2006 - 2007 Eight Hour Carbon Monoxide Compliance (in ppm) ..................................... 37 Table 14 - 2007 Nitrogen Dioxide NAAQS Compliance Values by County....................................... 38 Table 15 - 2007 Sulfur Dioxide NAAQS Compliance Values............................................................. 39 Table 16 - 2005 to 2007 Eight-Hour Ozone Compliance (in ppm).....................................................