World Vision Ethiopia The Sodo Community Managed Reforestation (Forest Regeneration) Project “Many Species, one planet, one future”. Image: Grevillea seedlings at the Sodo Nursery, in the vicinity of Mt Damota Wolayita Zone, Soddo Zuria and Damot Gale Woredas Southern Highlands of Ethiopia Submission to the Climate, Community and Biodiversity Standard TABLE OF CONTENTS E. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .....................................................................................................................................................4 G1. ORIGINAL CONDITIONS IN THE PROJECT AREA ..............................................................................................................................6 G2. BASELINE PROJECTIONS ........................................................................................................................................................35 G3. PROJECT DESIGN & GOALS ....................................................................................................................................................46 G4. MANAGEMENT CAPACITY AND BEST PRACTICES ........................................................................................................................65 G5. LEGAL STATUS AND PROPERTY RIGHTS ......................................................................................................................................73 C. CLIMATE SECTION .......................................................................................................................................................... 76 CL1. NET POSITIVE CLIMATE IMPACTS ...........................................................................................................................................76 CL2. OFFSITE CLIMATE IMPACTS (“LEAKAGE”) ................................................................................................................................79 CL3. CLIMATE IMPACT MONITORING .............................................................................................................................................83 CM. COMMUNITY SECTION ............................................................................................................................................... 87 CM1. NET POSITIVE COMMUNITY IMPACTS ....................................................................................................................................87 CM2. OFFSITE STAKEHOLDER IMPACTS ..........................................................................................................................................97 CM3. COMMUNITY IMPACT MONITORING .....................................................................................................................................98 B. BIODIVERSITY SECTION .................................................................................................................................................. 99 B1. NET POSITIVE BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS .......................................................................................................................................99 B2. OFFSITE BIODIVERSITY IMPACTS ........................................................................................................................................... 107 B3. BIODIVERSITY IMPACT MONITORING ..................................................................................................................................... 108 GL. GOLD LEVEL SECTION ................................................................................................................................................. 110 GL1. CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION BENEFITS ............................................................................................................................ 110 GL2. EXCEPTIONAL COMMUNITY BENEFITS .................................................................................................................................. 113 GL3. EXCEPTIONAL BIODIVERSITY BENEFITS ................................................................................................................................. 116 2 Supported by World Vision Australia LIST OF TABLES / FIGURES TABLE 1 - DAILY MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM TEMPERATURES FOR ADDIS ABABA AND AWASA, ETHIOPIA (SIMILAR CLIMATE TO SODO) ...................11 TABLE 2 - COMMON TREE SPECIES FOUND IN THE SODO COMMUNITY MANAGED NATURAL PROJECT ZONE .....................................................13 TABLE 3: AREA AND POPULATION SIZE OF PROJECT AREA AND PROJECT ZONE ..............................................................................................19 TABLE 4 - COMMUNITY RISKS AND SODO PROJECT MITIGATION TECHNIQUES ..............................................................................................21 TABLE 5 - LIST OF FAUNA FOUND IN THE PROJECT SITE ............................................................................................................................26 TABLE 6 - LIST OF IUCN RED LISTED SPECIES IDENTIFIED USING THE IBAT SPECIES GRID ................................................................................32 TABLE 7 PROJECT CONCEPTUALISATION AND EARLY IMPLEMENTATION ACTIVITIES ........................................................................................36 TABLE 8 - SODO PROJECT ACTIVITIES ...................................................................................................................................................48 TABLE 9 - SIZE OF PROJECT AREA AND PROJECT ZONE ..............................................................................................................................50 TABLE 10 - ANTICIPATED PROJECT TIMELINE.........................................................................................................................................52 TABLE 11 - COMMUNITY CONSULTATION ACTIVITIES ..............................................................................................................................57 TABLE 12 - STAKEHOLDER FEEDBACK ..................................................................................................................................................58 TABLE 13 - MANAGEMENT STAFF CAPACITY AND QUALIFICATIONS ............................................................................................................68 TABLE 14 - SODO PROJECT LEAKAGE ANALYSIS - ACTIVITY DISPLACEMENT ...................................................................................................80 TABLE 15 - SODO PROJECT - DATA TO BE RECORDED DURING FIELD MONITORING ........................................................................................85 TABLE 16 - SODO PROJECT - OVERALL OBJECTIVES AND INTENDED COMMUNITY IMPACTS .............................................................................87 TABLE 17 PARAMATERS FOR COMMUNITY IMPACT MONITORING .............................................................................................................90 TABLE 18 - SODO INDIGENOUS SPECIES LIST ...................................................................................................................................... 103 TABLE 19 - RECORD OF SODO PROJECT SEEDLING DISTRIBUTION ........................................................................................................... 104 TABLE 20 EXOTIC TREES PLANTED WITHIN THE PROJECT AREA ............................................................................................................... 105 TABLE 21 PARAMETERS TO MONITOR BIODIVERISTY IMPACT ................................................................................................................. 109 FIGURE 1 - SODO PROJECT NURSERY IN THE MT DAMOTA PROJECT REGION. ...............................................................................................5 FIGURE 2 - SODO ASSISTED NATURAL REGENERATION PROJECT - PROJECT ZONE ...........................................................................................7 FIGURE 3 - MAP OF THE PROJECT ZONE AND AREAS .................................................................................................................................8 FIGURE 4 - SODO PROJECT - LOCATION ETHIOPIAN NATIONAL CONTEXT .....................................................................................................8 FIGURE 5 - RAINFALL ISOHYETS - RIFT VALLEY – ETHIOPIA ......................................................................................................................10 FIGURE 6 - FORESTED AREAS WITHIN ETHIOPIA’S SOUTHERN NATIONS, NATIONALITIES AND PEOPLE’S REGIONAL STATE (SNNPRS). WOLAYITA ZONE IS MARKED ON THE MAP AS FOLLOWS: ................................................................................................................................22 FIGURE 7 - LAND USES WITHIN ETHIOPIA’S SOUTHERN NATIONS, NATIONALITIES AND PEOPLE’S REGIONAL STATE (SNNPRS) ............................23 FIGURE 8 PROTECTED AREAS LOCATED NEAR SODDO (HTTPS://WWW.IBATFORBUSINESS.ORG/DYNDISPLAY.PHP?P=2, ACCESSED 14 JUNE 2012) ..29 FIGURE 9 SPECIES ON THE IUCN RED LIST USING THE IBAT SPECIES GRID ..................................................................................................31 FIGURE 10 - LAND DEGRADATION IN SNNPRS DUE TO WATER EROSION (2002) ........................................................................................40 FIGURE 11 - NATIONAL PARK AND SANCTUARY AREAS UNDER PROTECTION IN ETHIOPIA. APPROXIMATE LOCATION OF SODDO MARKED AS FOLLOWS: ..........................................................................................................................................................................................43