Eco-friendly and energy efficient sewage SLUDGE dewaTeRing through novEl nanomAterials and elecTro-osmotic process Project number: 611593 Duration: 48 months Start date of project: 01/09/2014 “D4.2b – Further Market Analysis” WP n°2; Requirements definition and lab-scale studies WP leader: AIN Planned delivery date: October 2018 Actual delivery date: October 2018 Reporting Period: RP2 Deliverable Responsible: AIN Contribution of the following organisations and people: Association of Navarra Industry, Surface Engineering Department: Cristina Díaz, Gonzalo García X2 Solutions: Vittorio Bosi, Emanuele De Risio, Giuseppe Di Florio Politecnico di Milano, DICA – Environmental Section: Roberto Canziani, Simone Visigalli, Andrea Turolla Project Coordinator: Roberto Canziani Organisation name: Politecnico di Milano Dissemination Level PU Public x PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) Project co-funded by the European Commission within the FP7 (2007–2013) Marie Curie Actions— Industry-Academia Partnerships and Pathways (IAPP) Call: FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IAPP D2.2b – Further Market Analysis Dissemination level: PU Table of Content Table of Content ................................................................................................................................................ 2 List of Figures ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 List of Tables ...................................................................................................................................................... 5 1. List of Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 7 3. Sludge Dewatering ....................................................................................................................................... 10 3.1 Machine designs existing in the market ................................................................................................ 10 3.1.1 Belt filter press................................................................................................................................ 10 3.1.3 Centrifuge ....................................................................................................................................... 11 3.1.4 Plate filter press .............................................................................................................................. 12 3.1.5 Screw press ..................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 Rotary press .................................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.5 Electro-dewatering technology ...................................................................................................... 15 4. Comparison of conventional screw presses with the EDW prototype ........................................................ 18 4.1 Screw press dewatering of sludge ......................................................................................................... 18 4.1.1 Vodatech (Czech Republic) ............................................................................................................. 18 4.1.2 Huber Technology (Germany) ........................................................................................................ 19 4.1.3 Amcon (Japan) ................................................................................................................................ 20 4.1.4 Ishigaki (Japan) ............................................................................................................................... 21 4.1.5 X2 Solutions (Italy) .......................................................................................................................... 21 4.2 EDW machine prototype ....................................................................................................................... 22 5. Applications of dewatering units in the market .......................................................................................... 24 5.1 Separators for fruit and vegetable ........................................................................................................ 24 5.1.1 Citrus and tropical fruit ................................................................................................................... 26 5.1.2 Tomato juice ................................................................................................................................... 26 5.1.3 Wine................................................................................................................................................ 28 5.1.4 Olive oil (pomace) ........................................................................................................................... 30 5.1.5 Other applications .......................................................................................................................... 32 5.2 Separators for animal and vegetable fats and oils ................................................................................ 32 5.2.1 Vegetable oil - degumming ............................................................................................................. 32 GA n. 611593 Page 2 of 46 D2.2b – Further Market Analysis Dissemination level: PU 5.2.2 Neutralization of vegetable oils ...................................................................................................... 33 5.2.3 Bio-diesel ........................................................................................................................................ 33 5.2.4 Raw fats .......................................................................................................................................... 33 5.2.5 Secondary products ........................................................................................................................ 33 5.2.6 Broths for cooking .......................................................................................................................... 33 5.2.7 Fish oil ............................................................................................................................................. 33 5.2.8 Eggs ................................................................................................................................................. 34 5.2.9 Coffee ............................................................................................................................................. 34 5.3 Separators for food, yeast and starch ................................................................................................... 34 5.3.1 Gelatine .......................................................................................................................................... 34 5.3.2 Wheat starch .................................................................................................................................. 34 5.3.3 Root starch ..................................................................................................................................... 34 5.3.4 Rice starch ...................................................................................................................................... 34 5.4 Beer recovery ........................................................................................................................................ 35 5.5 Separators in dairies .............................................................................................................................. 35 5.5.1 Milk skimming ................................................................................................................................. 35 5.5.2 Whey skimming .............................................................................................................................. 36 5.5.3 Milk cleaning ................................................................................................................................... 36 5.5.4 Removal of cheese fines from whey............................................................................................... 36 5.5.5 Butter oil ......................................................................................................................................... 36 5.5.6 Lactose production ......................................................................................................................... 36 5.5.7 Concentration of cheese fines ........................................................................................................ 36 5.6 Plastics recycling .................................................................................................................................... 36 6. Use of the EDW prototype for sewage sludge and other applications ......................................................