NeuroQuantology | June 2011 | Vol 9| Issue 2| Page 313-321 313 Limar IV., Carl G. Jung’s Synchronicity and Quantum Entanglement Opinion and Perspectives Carl G. Jung’s Synchronicity and Quantum Entanglement: Schrödinger’s Cat ‘Wanders’ Between Chromosomes Igor V. Limar Abstract One of the most prospective directions of study of C.G. Jung’s synchronicity phenomenon is reviewed considering the latest achievements of modern science. The attention is focused mainly on the quantum entanglement and related phenomena – quantum coherence and quantum superposition. It is shown that the quantum non-locality capable of solving the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox represents one of the most adequate physical mechanisms in terms of conformity with the Jung’s synchronicity hypothesis. An attempt is made on psychophysiological substantiation of synchronicity within the context of molecular biology. An original concept is proposed, stating that biological molecules involved in cell division during mitosis and meiosis, particularly DNA may be considered material carriers of consciousness. This assumption may be formulated on the basis of phenomenology of Jung’s analytical psychology. Key Words: consciousness, synchronicity, quantum entanglement, nucleic acids, mitosis, meiosis NeuroQuantology 2011; 2: 313-321 Problem formulation and related ‘manifestations of synchronicity’ caused to studies1 certain extent skeptical attitude by a number To be sure, the concept of synchronicity of researchers. Considering criticism of represents an integral part of analytical Jung’s theory of synchronicity by his psychology. Carl Jung believed, that opponents, it should be, nevertheless, synchronicity is closely related to numerous admitted that in doing his research the manifestations of psychic life of the humans, founder of analytical psychology was guided, both normal and affected by pathology. in particular, by principles of contemporary Determining the nature of the phenomenon theoretical physics. For instance, it is well of synchronicity may become important for known that Jung has developed the concept psychotherapeutic practice, particularly for of synchronicity in close collaboration with difficult clinical cases which today cannot be Wolfgang Pauli. Thus, the Swiss psychologist subjected to psychological correction using has always made sure that the data gathered methods of classical psychiatry. At the same from his clinical observations conforms to time, we know that exotic nature of the principles of natural science. Still, specific mechanisms which, Corresponding author: Igor V. Limar probably, lay at the core of synchronicity Address: Institute of Innovative and Postgraduate Education (IIPE). phenomena became a subject of discussion Department of computer science and informational technologies, only in the early 1980s thanks to the Dvoryanskaya str., 2, Odessa, 65026, Ukraine Phone: +38 048 725 3687 progress in experimental studies of certain Fax: +38 048 711 6533 concepts of quantum physics. In one of the e-mail: [email protected] relatively early papers devoted to this matter Received Dec 22, 2010. Revised Feb 19, 2011. Accepted Feb 22, 2011. (Keutzer, 1982), the synchronicity ISSN 1303 5150 www.neuroquantology.com NeuroQuantology | June 2011 | Vol 9| Issue 2| Page 313-321 314 Limar IV., Carl G. Jung’s Synchronicity and Quantum Entanglement phenomenon was juxtaposed with the other aspects of Jung’s theory without ‘morphic resonance’ hypothesis suggested by linking this phenomenon directly to the Rupert Sheldrake. In turn, the Sheldrake’s synchronicity phenomenon (Blutner and theory is interpreted in the above study in Hochnadel, 2010; Conte et al., 2010). the context of quantum non-locality, a Nevertheless, even though the consequence of solution of the so-called probable role of quantum non-locality in Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox. In his realization of synchronicity phenomena is later papers (Keutzer, 1984a; b), this author clearly emphasized in the above papers, the clearly associates quantum non-locality with question of what physiological mechanism Jung’s synchronicity. Afterwards, other might be responsible for the existence of researchers (Mansfield and Spiegelman, quantum entanglement between different 1989) have reviewed non-local quantum human bodies has not been considered so correlations, the Schrodinger’s cat paradox, far. The only exceptions in this respect are, and experiments verifying Bell’s inequalities perhaps, the studies by Michael Hyland, who in relation to the synchronicity phenomenon. also believes that the synchronicity The same researchers also reviewed the phenomenon is caused by quantum principle of superposition within the context entanglement (Hyland, 2004a). The criterion of attempts to explain the synchronicity enabling to consider that the mentioned phenomenon (Mansfield and Spiegelman, corresponding physiological mechanism has 1991). Furthermore, Mansfield, reviewing been suggested is a description of necessary Jung’s theory, has analyzed, among other and sufficient conditions for occurrence of aspects, the role of Bell’s inequalities per se quantum entanglement between biological in respect to the problems of analytical molecules of different people. Broadly psychology (Mansfield, 1991). A similar speaking, these molecules may not be paper (Germine, 1991) also dealing with the interconnected by quantum entanglement synchronicity phenomenon, the concept of prior to mutual interaction. As quantum quantum non-locality, and the Einstein- entanglement between biological molecules Podolsky-Rosen and Schrodinger’s cat of different people may not exist per se, in paradoxes, is devoted to determination of the the absence of once occurred special physical nature of consciousness. Study of relation interaction, it is only this criterion that can between quantum non-locality and Jung’s be valid. We cannot generally assume that synchronicity, and the matters concerning available quantum entanglement between Bell’s inequalities continued in later papers molecules of different people is taken for (Mansfield and Spiegelman, 1996). granted. In one of his papers (Hyland, Publications discussing, in one way or 2004b), Hyland made an assumption that another, the synchronicity phenomenon in quantum entanglement may exist both relation to the quantum entanglement between cells of the same human body and phenomenon have appeared during the past between different subjects. Apparently, this decade (Walach, 1999; Walach and Römer, author came very close to the solution of this 2000; Duch, 2002; Milgrom, 2002; Primas, problem in his another paper (Hyland, 2003; Stillfried and Walach, 2006; 2003a), where he not only assumes existence Teodorani, 2006). The latest papers in this of quantum entanglement at DNA level sphere of study contain quite detailed within the same body, but also describes research (Lucadou et al., 2007; Carminati possible role of quantum entanglement in and Martin, 2008; Martin et al., 2009; meiosis processes. It is quite possible that all Martin et al., 2010). that needs to be done is just one little step At the same time, it should be noted further – to expand this author’s perception that attempts to explain the synchronicity of existence of quantum entanglement at phenomenon by considering other physical DNA level within the same body and its role mechanisms not directly related to quantum in morphogenesis to the hypothesis of non-locality (Zabrizkie, 1995) are quite existence of quantum entanglement between scarce. DNAs of different bodies. As far as meiosis It should also be mentioned that processes are concerned, Hyland regards the some authors look at the quantum role of quantum entanglement exclusively as entanglement phenomenon in regard to regulating the cell division. The fact that ISSN 1303 5150 www.neuroquantology.com NeuroQuantology | June 2011 | Vol 9| Issue 2| Page 313-321 315 Limar IV., Carl G. Jung’s Synchronicity and Quantum Entanglement meiosis may represent a mechanism ‘functional’ (comparing to other physical ensuring quantum entanglement between mechanisms) instrument as far as attempts different bodies was left out by this author. to interpret Jung’s synchronicity are In the meantime, solution of the problem of concerned. Yet, it still remains unclear how existence of non-local quantum correlations exactly the quantum entanglement may exist between different bodies, in particular, at the level of material carrier of synchronicity phenomena, could be right consciousness, i.e. brain, and how the there. The answer to this question will be quantum entanglement may ensure non- proposed in this paper below. local correlations between different subjects which make synchronicity possible. Solution Study goal and hypothesis of this problem is the goal of the study this Synchronicity phenomena have been studied paper is devoted for. for quite a while and not just by Jung but (a Let’s assume that correlation of much lesser-known fact) by Sigmund Freud, mental processes in different people not the founder of psychoanalysis. His several exchanging any information among papers corroborate this fact (Freud, 1922; themselves, i.e. synchronicity, is caused by 1953a; 1953b). Naturally, the famous non-local quantum correlations (quantum Austrian psychiatrist used somewhat entanglement) between certain parts of these different terminology, but in the essence, he people’s brain (Persinger et al., 2008). At studied phenomena of the same nature. A this point, it needs to be noted that we can’t telling