ENGLISH CONTENTS (for Color Plates, see pages 23–38) 122 Participants 217 Appendices 218 (1) Geology 124 Institutional Profiles 219 (2) Vascular Plants 128 Acknowledgments 248 (3) Hydrology 130 Mission 249 (4) Fish Sampling Stations 250 (5) Fishes 131 Report at a Glance 258 (6) Amphibians and Reptiles 140 Why Sierra del Divisor? 263 (7) Birds 274 (8) Large Mammals 141 Conservation of the Sierra del Divisor 280 (9) Regional Mammal Inventories 141 Current Status 283 (10) Bats 143 Conservation Targets 285 (11) Human Settlements 146 Threats 286 (12) Social Assets 147 Recommendations 292 Literature Cited 153 Opportunities Previous Reports 155 Technical Report 298 155 Regional Overview and Inventory Sites 160 Geology and Hydrology 163 Flora and Vegetation 173 Fishes 182 Amphibians and Reptiles 186 Birds 196 Mammals 204 Sociocultural Assets for Conservation 210 Legal Status of Territorial Reserves PERÚ: SIERRA DEL DIVISOR DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2006 121 PARTICIPANTS FIELD TEAM Christian Albujar (birds) Guillermo Knell (amphibians and reptiles, field logistics) Instituto de Investigación de Enfermedades Tropicales Environmental and Conservation Programs Virology Program, U.S. Naval Medical Research The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Center Detachment Lima, Peru Presila Maynas (social assessment) Federación de Comunidades Nativas del Alto Ucayali Moisés Barbosa da Souza (amphibians and reptiles) Pucallpa, Peru Universidade Federal do Acre Rio Branco, Brazil Italo Mesones (plants) Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Nállarett Dávila Cardozo (plants) Iquitos, Peru Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Orlando Mori (social assessment) Iquitos, Peru Federación de Comunidades Nativas del Bajo Ucayali Iquitos, Peru Francisco Estremadoyro (logistics) ProNaturaleza Debra K. Moskovits (coordinator) Lima, Peru Environment, Culture, and Conservation The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Robin B. Foster (plants) Environmental and Conservation Programs Andrea Nogués (social assessment) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Center for Cultural Understanding and Change The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Thomas Hayden (journalist) U.S. News and World Report José F. Pezzi da Silva (fishes) Washington, DC, USA Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre, Brazil Max H. Hidalgo (fishes) Museo de Historia Natural Renzo Piana (social assessment) Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos Instituto del Bien Común Lima, Peru Lima, Peru Dario Hurtado (transport logistics) Carlos Rivera (amphibians and reptiles) Policía Nacional del Perú Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana Lima, Peru Iquitos, Peru Maria Luisa S. P. Jorge (mammals) José-Ignacio (Pepe) Rojas Moscoso (field logistics, birds) University of Illinois – Chicago Rainforest Expeditions Chicago, IL, USA Tambopata, Peru 122 RAPID BIOLOGICAL INVENTORIES INFORME / REPORT NO. 17 COLLABORATORS Thomas S. Schulenberg (birds) Asociación Interétnica de Desarrollo de la Selva Peruana Environmental and Conservation Programs (AIDESEP) The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Lima, Peru Jaime Semizo (social assessment) Centro de Datos para la Conservación (CDC) Instituto del Bien Común Lima, Peru Lima, Peru Centro de Investigación y Manejo de Áreas Naturales (CIMA) Robert Stallard (geology) Lima, Peru Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Panama City, Panama Derecho, Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (DAR) Lima, Peru Vera Lis Uliana Rodrigues (plants) Universidade de São Paulo Federación de Comunidades Nativas del Alto Ucayali (FECONAU) São Paulo, Brazil Pucallpa, Peru Raúl Vásquez (social assessment) Federación de Comunidades Nativas del Bajo Ucayali (FECONBU) ProNaturaleza Iquitos, Peru Pucallpa, Peru Fuerza Aérea del Perú (FAP) Claudia Vega (logistics) Lima, Peru The Nature Conservancy-Peru Gobierno Regional de Loreto (GOREL) Lima, Peru Iquitos, Peru Paúl M. Velazco (mammals) Gobierno Regional de Ucayali (GOREU) Division of Mammals Pucallpa, Peru The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Instituto Nacional de Recursos Naturales (INRENA) Corine Vriesendorp (plants) Lima, Peru Environmental and Conservation Programs The Field Museum, Chicago, IL, USA Policía Nacional del Perú (PNP) Lima, Peru Universidade Federal do Acre (UFAC) Rio Branco, Brazil Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS) Porto Alegre, Brazil PERÚ: SIERRA DEL DIVISOR DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2006 123 INSTITUTIONAL PROFILES The Field Museum The Nature Conservancy – Peru The Field Museum is a collections-based research and The Nature Conservancy is an international non-profit educational institution devoted to natural and cultural diversity. organization, founded in 1951. It is headquartered in the United Combining the fields of Anthropology, Botany, Geology, Zoology, States, but also works in more than 30 other countries around the and Conservation Biology, museum scientists research issues in world. The mission of The Nature Conservancy is to preserve the evolution, environmental biology, and cultural anthropology. plants, animals and natural communities that represent the One division of the museum—Environment, Culture, and diversity of life on Earth by protecting the lands and waters they Conservation (ECCo)—through its two departments, Environmental need to survive. The Nature Conservancy’s vision is to conserve and Conservation Programs (ECP) and the Center for Cultural portfolios of functional conservation areas within and across Understanding and Change (CCUC), is dedicated to translating ecoregions. In Peru, TNC has three main initiatives: Pacaya science into action that creates and supports lasting conservation Samiria National Park, the forests of the Selva Central, as well of biological and cultural diversity. ECCo works closely with local as creating a protected area in the Sierra del Divisor region that communities to ensure their involvement in conservation through is a sister conservation area to the Serra do Divisor National Park their existing cultural values and organizational strengths. With across the Brazilian border. losses of natural diversity accelerating worldwide, ECCo’s mission is to direct the museum’s resources—scientific expertise, worldwide The Nature Conservancy – Peru collections, innovative education programs—to the immediate Av. Libertadores 744, San Isidro needs of conservation at local, national, and international levels. Lima, Peru 51.1.222.8600 tel The Field Museum 51.1.221.6243 fax 1400 South Lake Shore Drive www.nature.org/wherewework/southamerica/peru Chicago, Illinois 60605-2496 U.S.A. 312.922.9410 tel www.fieldmuseum.org 124 RAPID BIOLOGICAL INVENTORIES INFORME / REPORT NO. 17 ProNaturaleza – Fundación Peruana para la Insituto del Bien Común (IBC) Conservación de la Naturaleza ProNaturaleza— the Fundación Peruana para la Conservación de The Instituto del Bien Común is a Peruvian non-profit organization la Naturaleza is a non-profit organization, created in 1984 with devoted to promoting the best use of shared resources. Sharing the purpose of contributing to the conservation of the natural resources is the key to our common well-being today and in the patrimony of Peru, with particular emphasis on its biodiversity, the future, as a people and as a country; to the well-being of the large promotion of sustainable development, and the betterment of the number of Peruvians who live in rural areas, in forests and on the quality of life of the Peruvian people. In order to achieve these coasts; to the long-term health of the natural resources that sustain goals, ProNaturaleza executes projects, primarily in natural areas, us; and to the sustainability and quality of urban life at all social along three principal lines: the protection of biological diversity, levels. IBC is currently working on four projects: the Pro Pachitea the sustainable use of the natural resources and the promotion of project, which focuses on local management of fish and aquatic a culture of conservation in the national society. ecosystems; the Indigenous Community Mapping project, which aims to defend indigenous territories; and the Large Landscapes ProNaturaleza – Fundación Peruana para la Management Program, which aims to the creation of a mosaic of Conservación de la Naturaleza sustainable use and protected areas in the Ampiyacu, Apayacu, Av. Alberto del Campo 417 Yaguas and Putumayo rivers. The mosaic will be constituted by the Lima 17, Peru enlargement of communal lands, a system of regional conservation 51.1.264.2736, 51.1.264.2759 tel areas and a national protected area. We are also promoting the 51.1.264.2753 fax participation of indigenous organizations in the creation and www.pronaturaleza.org categorization of the Zona Reservada Sierra del Divisor. The IBC recently completed the ACRI project, a study of how communities manage natural resources, and distributed the results in a number of publications. Instituto del Bien Común Av. Petit Thouars 4377 Miraflores, Lima 18, Peru 51.1.421.7579 tel 51.1.440.0006 tel 51.1.440.6688 fax www.ibcperu.org PERÚ: SIERRA DEL DIVISOR DICIEMBRE/DECEMBER 2006 125 INSTITUTIONAL PROFILES Organizacion Regional AIDESEP–Iquitos (ORAI) Organizacion Regional AIDESEP–Ucayali (ORAU) The Regional Organization AIDESEP-Iquitos (ORAI) is The Organización Regional AIDESEP–Ucayali (ORAU) is registered publicly in Iquitos, Loreto. This institution consists registered publicly in Pucallpa, Peru. The institution brings of 13 indigenous federations, and represents 16 ethnic groups together 12 indigenous federations representing 14 ethnic groups located along the Putumayo, Algodón, Ampiyacu,