Cambodia Post Disaster Needs Assessment January 4, 2010 East Asia Pacific The World Bank TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ........................................................................................................................................................ I ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................................................... II ACRONYMS ...................................................................................................................................................... III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................ VI DAMAGE AND LOSS ........................................................................................................................................................ VI MACRO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ......................................................................................................................................... IX LIVELIHOOD AND OTHER SOCIAL IMPACTS ............................................................................................................... IX DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................... IX RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS ................................................................................................. X EXECUTIVE SUMMARY (KHMER) ........................................................................................................... XII SECTION I THE 2009 KETSANA TYPHOON AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF CAMBODIA ........................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 IMMEDIATE IMPACT ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 IMMEDIATE RESPONSE ............................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC BACKGROUND OF THE COUNTRY AND THE AFFECTED AREAS .............................. 3 1.4 VULNERABILITIES TO NATURAL DISASTERS ....................................................................................................... 5 SECTION II SUMMARY OF ASSESSMENT AND SECTORAL REPORTS ............................................. 9 2.1 PDNA METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................................................... 9 2.1.1 Rationale ................................................................................................................................................................. 9 2.1.2 Methodology ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 2.2 SUMMARY OF DAMAGE AND LOSS ....................................................................................................................... 12 2.3 INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR ................................................................................................................................... 15 2.3.1 Transport .............................................................................................................................................................. 15 2.3.2 Water Supply and Sanitation ....................................................................................................................... 20 2.3.3 Water Management and Irrigation .......................................................................................................... 27 2.3.4 Energy ..................................................................................................................................................................... 30 2.4 SOCIAL SECTORS ..................................................................................................................................................... 37 2.4.1 Housing .................................................................................................................................................................. 37 2.4.2 Health ...................................................................................................................................................................... 45 2.4.3 Education .............................................................................................................................................................. 52 2. 5 PRODUCTIVE SECTOR ........................................................................................................................................... 59 2.5.1 Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries .................................................................................................... 59 2.5.2 Industry and Commerce ................................................................................................................................. 64 2.6 CROSS-CUTTING ISSUES ........................................................................................................................................ 72 2.6.1 Environment ........................................................................................................................................................ 72 2.6.2 Public Administration ..................................................................................................................................... 84 SECTION III MACRO-ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS ................................................................. 90 3.1 MACRO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ................................................................................................................................. 90 3.1.1 The Cambodian Economy Pre-Ketsana ................................................................................................... 90 3.1.2 Impact of Ketsana on the Economy .......................................................................................................... 93 3.2 SOCIAL IMPACT ....................................................................................................................................................... 94 3.2.1 Impact on Livelihoods and Income ........................................................................................................... 94 3.2.2 Other Social Impacts ........................................................................................................................................ 98 3.2.3 Vulnerable Groups .......................................................................................................................................... 100 SECTION IV DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN CAMBODIA ........................................................ 102 4.1 COUNTRY RISK PROFILE .................................................................................................................................... 102 4.2 INSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT ..................................... 102 4.3 DISASTER RISK MANAGEMENT IN THE POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY AND COUNTRY DEVELOPMENT PLANS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 104 4.4 ASSESSMENT OF DISASTER PREPAREDNESS AND RESPONSE INTERVENTIONS ........................................ 105 4.5 PRIORITIES FOR DISASTER RISK REDUCTION IN CAMBODIA ....................................................................... 109 SECTION V RECOVERY AND RECONSTRUCTION REQUIREMENTS ............................................ 117 5.1 GUIDING PRINCIPLES FOR RECOVERY .............................................................................................................. 117 5.2 OVERVIEW OF SECTOR REQUIREMENTS ......................................................................................................... 119 5.3 STRATEGIC PRIORITIES ...................................................................................................................................... 120 5.3.1 Transport (USD 90,749,342.91) .............................................................................................................. 120 5.3.2 Agriculture, Livestock, and Fisheries (USD50-70 million) .......................................................... 121 5.3.3 Water Management and Irrigation (USD 8,982,000) ................................................................... 123 5.3.4 Industry and Commerce (USD 9,960,000) .......................................................................................... 123 5.3.5 Education (USD 1,900,000) ....................................................................................................................... 124 5.3.6 Housing (USD 14,176,800) ......................................................................................................................... 125 5.4 ADDITIONAL SECTOR RECOVERY NEEDS ........................................................................................................ 127 5.4.1 Infrastructure Sector .................................................................................................................................... 127 5.4.2