Identification and Prioritization of accident black-spots in Kerala State IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION OF ACCIDENT BLACK SPOTS IN KERALA The accident-prone spots, according to road type, obtained as hard copy from IG Traffic on 05.11.2016 was analyzed based on the MoRTH definition of Black spots and prioritized based on District-wise Accident Severity Index (ASI) value. Definition of Black spot (MoRTH): According to Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MoRTH), Government of India, road accident black spot on National Highways is a road stretch of about 500m in length in which either 5 road accidents (involving fatalities/grievous injuries) took place during last three calendar years or 10 fatalities took place during last three calendar years. According to National Highway Authority of India (NHAI), hazardous locations are evaluated based on Accidents Severity index (ASI). Hazardous spots with Accidents Severity Index (ASI) more than Threshold value (Average Severity + 1.5*Standard Deviation) will be treated as Black spots. For estimation of ASI, the weightage to fatal accident will be assigned as 7 and to grievous injury accident as 3, was considered based on NHAI's criteria. The threshold value computation formula for first order, second order, third order, fourth and fifth order priority black spots are given in Table 1. Table 1: Threshold value of priority black spots Priority Threshold value First order black spots Average Severity + 1.5*Standard Deviation Second order black spots Average Severity + Standard Deviation Third order black spots Average Severity + 0.5*Standard Deviation Fourth order black spots Average Severity Fifth order black spots Below Average Severity A total of 355 black spots have been identified in Kerala based on MoRTH's definition and prioritized based on district-wise ASI value. Of 355 black spots, 200 Black spots are on National Highways, 110 black spots are on State Highways and 45 black spots are on Other roads. In case of Ernakulam district, the list of 1st order, 2nd order and 3rd order black spots identified as part of scientific study "Identification and Prioritization of Accident Black spots in Ernakulam district" conducted by NATPAC National Transportation Planning and Research Centre 1 Identification and Prioritization of accident black-spots in Kerala State has been incorporated in the list. Summary of black spots in Kerala according to district and road type are given in Table 2 & Table 3. Table 2: Summary of Black spots in Kerala - District wise Number of black spots Total Sl. Name of the district Black No. 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th order order order order order spots 1 Thiruvananthapuram 1 3 2 5 12 23 2 Kollam 1 2 5 5 14 27 3 Pathanamthitta 2 1 2 1 10 16 4 Alappuzha 3 2 6 10 36 57 5 Kottayam 2 1 0 2 10 15 6 Idukki 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 Ernakulam 16 16 35 1 7 75 8 Thrissur 2 0 4 3 12 21 9 Palakkad 1 0 0 0 0 1 10 Malappuram 10 5 9 14 33 71 11 Kozhikode 2 1 4 3 18 28 12 Wayanad 1 0 1 2 3 7 13 Kannur 0 1 0 0 2 3 14 Kasargod 1 0 3 0 7 11 Total 42 32 71 46 164 355 Table 3: Summary of Black spots in Kerala - Road Type Number of black spots Total Sl. No. Type of road 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th Black order order order order order spots 1 National Highway 28 18 41 27 86 200 2 State Highway 10 13 23 16 48 110 3 Other Roads 4 1 7 3 30 45 Total 42 32 71 46 164 355 A total of 42 first order black spots, 32 second order, 71 third order, 46 fourth order and 164 fifth order black spots have been identified and prioritized. List of first order, second order, third order, fourth order and fifth order black spots in Kerala identified and prioritized based on accident prone spots obtained from IG Traffic are given in Table 4, Table 5, Table 6, Table 7 and Table 8 respectively. National Transportation Planning and Research Centre 2 Table 4: List of 1st order Black spots based on district wise ASI values Type of Road Geographical Sl. No. Name of District Name of Police Station Location of Accident Spot Name of Road Road No road Length Starting Point 1 Thiruvananthapuram City Traffic Police Station Thiruvallam to Kovalam Thiruvananthapuram - Vizhinjam Road MDR OR 5 KM 8.441208, 76.954703 2 Kollam Karunagappally Kannetti to Karunagappally Jn. Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 9.039950, 76.539956 3 Pathanamthitta Pandalam Pandalam Medical Mission Jn to Pandalam Town MC Road (Main-Central Road) SH - 1 SH 500 m 9.218277, 76.680105 4 Pathanamthitta Adoor Adoor Central Toll to Parthasarathi Temple MC Road (Main-Central Road) SH - 1 SH 500 m 9.152805, 76.735811 5 Alappuzha Aroor Aroor Bypass to Aroor Temple Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 9.874638, 76.304274 6 Alappuzha Haripad Karuvatta - Vazhiyambalam Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 9.315977, 76.427670 7 Alappuzha Ramankary Ramankary Alappuzha - Changanassery Highway SH - 11 SH 500 m 9.424086, 8 Kottayam Kaduthuruthy Pattalamukku Ettumanoor - Ernakulam Road SH - 15 SH 500 m 9 Kottayam Mundakayam Chittady Dindigul - Kottarakkara Road NH - 183 NH 9.556133, 10 Ernakulam Angamaly Karukutty Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 650m 10.226784, 11 Ernakulam City Traffic Edappally Junction Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 810m 10.024596, 12 Ernakulam Perumbavoor Perumbavoor Junction MC Road (Main-Central Road) SH - 1 SH 920m 10.117023, 13 Ernakulam City Traffic ESI Road Jn - Kacheripady Jn Aroor - Thoppumpady (Old NH 47) SH SH 1600m 9.929345, 76.269738 14 Ernakulam Angamaly Angamaly Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 850m 10.192948, 15 Ernakulam City Traffic Palarivattom Bypass Junction Panvel - Kanyakumari Road, NH 66 (NH 47) NH - 66 NH 750m 10.005156, 16 Ernakulam Angamaly Karayamparambu Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 750m 10.210429, 17 Ernakulam Angamaly Vengoor MC Road (Main-Central Road) SH - 1 SH 500m 10.183660, 18 Ernakulam Airport Athani Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 750m 10.153021, 19 Ernakulam City Traffic Vyttila Panvel - Kanyakumari Road, NH 66 (NH 47) NH - 66 NH 700m 9.968252, 20 Ernakulam Aluva Thottakkattukara Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 550m 10.113692, 21 Ernakulam City Traffic GCDA Jn - Elamkulam Jn SA Road MDR OR 930m 9.966725, 76.298651 22 Ernakulam City Traffic Pallimukku MG Road (Old NH 47) SH SH 750m 9.963927, 23 Ernakulam City Traffic Lissie Jn - Kaloor Jn Banerji Road MDR OR 610m 9.990976, 76.287758 24 Ernakulam City Traffic Thrippunithura SN Jn Kochi - Tondi Point Road, NH 85 (NH 49) NH - 85 NH 650m 9.954359, 25 Ernakulam City Traffic Kalamassery - HMT Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 550m 10.056688, 76.321270 26 Thrissur Koratty Koratty Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 1 km 10.268021, 27 Thrissur Pudukad Pudukad Salem – Ernakulam Road, NH 544 (NH 47) NH - 544 NH 1 km 10.419094, 28 Palakkad Ottapalam Palappuram Palakkad - Ponnani Road MDR OR 500 M 10.766894, 29 Malappuram Malappuram Koottilangadi Ferokh - Palakkad Road NH - 966 NH 500M 11.033362, 30 Malappuram Thirurangadi Venniyoor Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 200 M 11.015240, 31 Malappuram Malappuram Munduparamba Tirur - Manjeri road SH - 71 SH 500 m 11.054368, 32 Malappuram Kadampuzha Vettichira Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 100 M 10.928612, 33 Malappuram Thenhippalam Idimuzhikakal Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 11.163443, 34 Malappuram Kottakkal Kottakkal Tirur - Manjeri road SH - 71 SH 500 m 11.001343, 35 Malappuram Kalpakanchery Palachiramad Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 10.994362, 36 Malappuram Kottakkal Chankuvetty Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 10.998726, 37 Malappuram Vazhakkad Azhinhilam Bypass Ferokh - Palakkad Road NH - 966 NH 200 M 11.200157, 38 Malappuram Ponnani Veliancodu Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 200 M 10.730488, 39 Kozhikode Traffic Police Station Feroke Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 11.183079, 40 Kozhikode Traffic Police Station Cheruvannur Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 11.677951, 41 Wayanad Vythiri Chundale Kozhikode – Mysore Road NH 766 NH 11.574432, 42 Kasaragod Hosdurg Padnakkad Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 12.269506, Note: Geographical co-ordinates of black spots are extracted from Google Map, and is not site verified. Table 5: List of 2nd order Black spots based on district wise ASI values Type of Road Geographical Sl. No. Name of District Name of Police Station Location of Accident Spot Name of Road Road No road Length Starting Point 43 Thiruvananthapuram Traffic PS Karamana Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 8.482041, 44 Thiruvananthapuram Traffic PS Pappanamcode Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 8.470939, 45 Thiruvananthapuram Traffic PS Pattom to Plamoodu Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 8.518554, 76.942560 46 Kollam Kottiyam Kottiyam Jn to Parakulam Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 8.865956, 76.670856 47 Kollam Sakthikulangara Kavanadu to Kappithans Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 8.919008, 76.558982 48 Pathanamthitta Pandalam Kurampala to Paranthal MC Road (Main-Central Road) SH - 1 SH 500 m 9.198246, 76.697015 49 Alappuzha Alappuzha Traffic Pathirappally Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 9.537361, 50 Alappuzha Kareelakulangara Kareelakulangara Panvel - Kanyakumari Road NH - 66 NH 500M 9.200331, 51 Kottayam Changanasserry Parakal Kalunku Alappuzha - Changanassery Highway SH - 11 SH 500 M 52 Ernakulam City Traffic Kundanoor Panvel - Kanyakumari Road, NH 66 (NH 47) NH - 66 NH 560m 9.936774, 53 Ernakulam Kurupanpady Pulluvazhy MC Road (Main-Central Road)