ARCH 242: BUILDING HISTORY II HISTORY OF THE PROFESSION: RENAISSANCE & BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE 01 AGENDA FOR TODAY... ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580) - The Commercial Architect - I Quattro Libri dell’Architettura - Palladio’s Thematics - Palazzo della Ragione - Villa Barbaro - Villa Rotunda - San Giorgio Maggiore - Il Redentore 02 ANDREA PALLADIO Andrea Palladio 1508-1580 - born in Padua, Italy near Venice - projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice 03 LOCATIONS IN ITALY Vicenza Padua Venice Map of Italy 04 SACK OF ROME, 1527 The Sack of Rome in 1527 by Johannes Lingelbach 05 ANDREA PALLADIO Andrea Palladio 1508-1580 - born in Padua, Italy near Venice - projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice - originally trained as a stonemason - studied latin literature, music, mathematics, and the treatise of Vitruvius 06 PALLADIO IN ROME Rome in 1551 07 I QUATTRO LIBRI DELL’ ARCHITETTURA Andrea Palladio’s Four Books of Architecture - published in 1570 - inspired by Vitruvius and Alberti - Palladio believed there was a “correct” way to design - This document issued standards for that way 08 PALLADIO’S THEMATICS Prevedari Etching, Bramante Pantheon Drawing, Palladio 09 PALLADIO’S THEMATICS Palladio’s thematics are rooted in proportion - Palladio is one of the most copied architects in history - did not look at the part to whole relationship like Bramante - Palladio looked at architecture as a “whole” that was independent of its parts 10 ANDREA PALLADIO Andrea Palladio 1508-1580 - born in Padua, Italy near Venice - projects in & near Vicenza as well as Venice - originally trained as a stonemason - studied latin literature, music, mathematics, and the treatise of Vitruvius - The Commercial Architect 11 VICENZA, ITALY 01 Palazzo della Ragione 02 02 Villa Barbaro 03 Villa Rotunda 01 03 12 PALAZZO DELLA RAGIONE, begun 1548 13 PALAZZO DELLA RAGIONE, begun 1548 14 VILLAS & PALAZZOS The Palladian Villa - the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa - Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources 1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516) 15 VILLAS & PALAZZOS The Palladian Villa - the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa - Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources 1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516) 2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536) 16 VILLAS & PALAZZOS The Palladian Villa - the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa - Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources 1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516) 2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536) 3 - Mannerist villas, like Giulio Romano’s Palazo Te (1527) 17 VILLAS & PALAZZOS The Palladian Villa - the transition from High Renaissance to Mannerism initiated with the villa - Palladio’s villa & palazzo designs derive from four (4) sources 1 - High Renaissance villas built before 1527, like Raphael’s Villa Madama (1516) 2- Regional work completed in Verona & Venice, like Sansovino’s Biblioteca Nazionale (1536) 3 - Mannerist villas, like Giulio Romano’s Palazo Te (1527) 4 - Ancient architecture, like the Pantheon 18 PALLADIAN VILLA The Palladian Villa - Three (3) main ideas emerge 1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented, like in the Villa Rotunda 19 PALLADIAN VILLA The Palladian Villa - Three (3) main ideas emerge 1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented 2- The villas are arranged by a cellular floor plan, like in the Villa Rotunda 20 PALLADIAN VILLA The Palladian Villa - Three (3) main ideas emerge 1 - The sacred idea behind a Greek Temple front is implemented 2- The villas are arranged by a cellular floor plan 3- The villas break down the traditional notion of a villa, like the break down of Sangallo’s Villa Medici 21 ROMAN SPACE VERSUS GREEK SPACE Pantheon in Rome Parthenon in Greece 22 GREEK SPACE Parthenon in Greece , 400 BC 23 ROMAN SPACE Pantheon in Rome, 1st century AD 24 ROMAN SPACE Maison Carree in Nimes, France, 16 BC 25 PALLADIAN VILLA 26 VILLA BARBARO, 1550’s-1560’s 27 VILLA BARBARO, 1550’s-1560’s 28 VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s 29 VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s 30 VILLA ROTUNDA, 1550’s 31 VENICE, ITALY 01 San Giorgio Maggiore 02 Il Redentore 01 02 32 SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566 33 SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566 34 SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566 35 SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566 36 SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE, 1566 37 IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577 38 IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577 39 IL REDENTORE & SAN GIORGIO MAGGIORE 40 IL REDENTORE, 1575-1577 41 IL REDENTORE & VILLA ROTUNDA 42 ANDREA PALLADIO Andrea Palladio 1508-1580 - Questions? 43.