Fish and Wildlife Service - Oregon Restoration Programs: Coastal, Greenspaces, Jobs in the Woods, Partners for Fish and Wildlife, and Private Stewardship Grants Programs Final Amended Programmatic Biological Assessment List of Preparers: Dan Perritt, Timmie Mandish, and Jarvis Gust List of Reviewers: Stephan Zylstra, Amy Horstman, Jennifer Thompson, Rich Szlemp, Fred Seavey, and David Leal Fish and Wildlife Service Oregon Fish and Wildlife Office 2600 SE 98th Avenue, Suite 100 Portland, Oregon 97266 May 5, 2003 (Final - Amended January 16, 2004) Table of Contents Chapter 1 - Introduction ..........................................................8 Coastal Program .........................................................8 Greenspaces Program .....................................................8 Jobs in the Woods Program .................................................9 Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program .........................................9 Private Stewardship Grants Program ..........................................9 Rational for a Programmatic Biological Assessment ...............................10 Chapter 2 - Affected Habitats ....................................................13 Coastal Program ........................................................13 Greenspaces Program ....................................................13 Jobs in the Woods Program ................................................13 Partners for Fish and Wildlife Program ........................................13 Private Stewardship Grants Program .........................................14 Extent of Restoration Efforts ................................................14 Chapter 3 - Description of Proposed Actions .........................................17 Project Category I - Riparian Habitat Restoration ................................17 Installation of livestock fencing ........................................17 Installation of livestock watering facilities .................................18 Installation of livestock crossings .......................................18 Breaching, removing, and constructing berms and dikes ......................18 Installation of bio-engineered stream bank stabilization structures ...............19 Installation of wildlife habitat structures ..................................19 Planting native riparian plant species ....................................19 Silvicultural treatments ..............................................19 Control and removal of invasive/non native plant species .....................20 Project Category II - Wetland Habitat Restoration ...............................21 Installation of livestock fencing ........................................21 Installation of livestock watering facilities .................................21 Installation of livestock crossings .......................................21 Breaching, removing, and constructing berms and dikes ......................21 Converting former wetlands and restoring current wetlands ...................21 Installation of wildlife habitat structures ..................................22 Planting native wetland plant species ....................................22 Control and removal of invasive/non native plant species .....................22 Project Category III - Instream Habitat Restoration ..............................22 Installation of wood and boulder instream structures ........................22 Hydrologic modifications of natural alcoves and side channels .................22 Re-channeling of streams into their historic locations ........................23 2 Salmon carcass placements ..........................................23 Project Category IV - Fish Passage Improvements ...............................23 Installation and modification of artificial fishways ...........................23 Re-engineering of existing irrigation diversions .............................24 External and internal modifications to roadway culverts ......................24 Realignment of roadway culverts to stream flows ...........................24 Replacement of undersized roadway culverts with appropriately sized culverts .....24 Replacement of roadway culverts with bridges ............................25 Permanent removal of roadway culverts, tide gates, and other artificial fish passage barriers .....................................................25 Project Category V - Upland Habitat Restoration ................................25 Installation of livestock fencing ........................................25 Installation of livestock watering facilities .................................25 Installation of bio-engineered stabilization structures ........................26 Installation of wildlife habitat structures ..................................26 Planting native upland plant species .....................................26 Conversion of altered habitats to historic oak savannahs, short and tall grass prairies, or conifer/hardwood forests ........................................26 Silvicultural treatments ..............................................26 Control and removal of invasive/non native plant species .....................27 Project Category VI - Coastal and Estuarine Habitat Restoration ....................27 Installation of wood and boulder structures ...............................27 Reestablishment of natural coastal dune processes ..........................27 Planting native coastal/estuarine plant species .............................28 Installation of wildlife habitat structures ..................................28 Control and removal of invasive/non native plant species .....................28 Project Category VII - Road and Trail Improvements .............................28 Closure of roads and trails ...........................................28 Abandonment of roads and trails ......................................28 Decommissioning of roads and trails ....................................28 Improvements on roads and trails ......................................28 Project Category VIII - Surveys, Assessments, and Monitoring Activities ..............29 Physical data collection ..............................................29 Biological data collection ............................................29 Acquisition of Restoration Materials ..........................................29 Large Wood .....................................................29 Boulders ........................................................30 Native Plant Materials ..............................................30 Pressured Treated Wood Products .....................................30 Other Actions Not Covered Under The Biological Assessment ......................31 Chapter 4 - Environmental Baseline ................................................32 3 Mammals ..............................................................32 Canada lynx ......................................................32 Columbian white-tailed deer ..........................................32 Birds .................................................................33 Marbled murrelet ..................................................33 Western snowy plover ..............................................34 Bald eagle .......................................................34 Brown pelican ....................................................35 Northern spotted owl ...............................................36 Inland Fish .............................................................37 Warner sucker ....................................................37 Oregon chub .....................................................38 Bull trout ........................................................38 Invertebrates ...........................................................39 Vernal pool fairy shrimp .............................................39 Fender's blue butterfly ..............................................40 Oregon silverspot butterfly ...........................................41 Plants .................................................................42 Willamette daisy ...................................................42 Gentner's fritillary ..................................................43 Water howellia ....................................................43 Western lily ......................................................44 Large-flowered meadowfoam .........................................44 Bradshaw's lomatium ...............................................45 Cook's lomatium ..................................................45 Kincaid's lupine ...................................................46 MacFarlane’s four o’clock ...........................................46 Rough popcornflower ...............................................47 Nelson's checkermallow .............................................48 Spalding's catchfly .................................................48 Howell's spectacular thelypody ........................................49 Anadromous Fish ........................................................49 Snake River Chinook salmon .........................................49 Lower Columbia River Chinook salmon .................................50 Upper Willamette River Chinook salmon ................................50 Southern Oregon coho salmon ........................................50 Oregon coast coho salmon ...........................................50 Columbia River chum salmon .........................................51 Snake River sockeye salmon .........................................51