FAMILY Phreatobiidae Reichel 1927 - cistern catfishes GENUS Phreatobius Goeldi, 1905 - cistern catfishes [=Phreatobius Goeldi [E. A.], 1905:549] Notes: [Proceedings/ ...International Congress of Zoology 1905, Pt. 7 (Zoogeograpohie); ref. 6570] Masc. Phreatobius cisternarum Goeldi, 1905. Type by monotypy. Misspelled Phrenatobius in Jordan 1920:480 [ref. 4905] and apparently with date wrongly as 1898. •Synonym of Heptapterus Bleeker, 1858 -- (Buckup 1988:643 [ref. 6635], Burgess 1989:282 [ref. 12860], Burgess & Finley 1996:166 [ref. 22901]). •Valid as Phreatobius Goeldi, 1905 -- (Stewart 1986:669 [ref. 5211], de Pinna 1998:318 [ref. 23847] with placement uncertain, Bockmann & Guazzelli in Reis et al. 2003:416 [ref. 27061], Muriel-Cunha & de Pinna with family incertae sedis, Proudlove 2006:129 [ref. 28992], Fernández et al. 2007:51 [ref. 29299], Shibatta et al. 2007:191 [ref. 29352], Ferraris 2007:429 [ref. 29155] but unplaced in Siluriformes, Bockmann & Castro 2010:692 [ref. 31072]). Current status: Valid as Phreatobius Goeldi, 1905. Phreatobiidae. Species Phreatobius cisternarum Goeldi, 1905 - Marajo Island cistern catfish [=Phreatobius cisternarum Goeldi [E. A.], 1905:549] Notes: [Proceedings/ ...International Congress of Zoology 1905, Pt. 7 (Zoogeograpohie); ref. 6570] Marajo Island, about 1°27'S, 48°29'W, at the mouth of Amazon, Brazil (in a cistern). Current status: Valid as Phreatobius cisternarum Goeldi, 1905. Phreatobiidae. Distribution: Subterranean environments of Marajo Island, underlying the mouth of Amazon River, Brazil [in cisterns]. Habitat: freshwater. Species Phreatobius dracunculus Shibatta et al., 2007 - Rio Prado cistern catfish [=Phreatobius dracunculus Shibatta [O. A.], Muriel-Cunha [J.] & de Pinna [M. C. C.], 2007:192, Figs. 1, 3, 5] Notes: [Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia, Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo v. 47 (no. 17); ref. 29352] Hand-dug well in settlement of Rio Prado, about 90 kilometers south of City of Porto Velho, area of Rio Branco drainage, 9°34'10.7"S, 63°58'08.2"W, Rondônia State, Brazil. Current status: Valid as Phreatobius dracunculus Shibatta, Muriel-Cunha & de Pinna, 2007. Phreatobiidae. Distribution: Man-made wells in Pardo River, area of Branco River drainage, Rondônia, Brazil. Habitat: freshwater. Species Phreatobius sanguijuela Fernandez et al., 2007 - Rio Itenez cistern catfish [=Phreatobius sanguijuela Fernández [L.], Saucedo [L. J.], Carvajal-Vallejos [F. M.] & Schaefer [S. A.], 2007:53, Figs. 2-3] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 1626; ref. 29299] Artificial well, Comunidad de Porvenir, 13°59'14.44"S, 61°32'27.05"W, Río Iténez basin, Dept. Santa Cruz, Bolivia, elevation 172 meters. Current status: Valid as Phreatobius sanguijuela Fernández, Saucedo, Carvajal-Vallejos & Schaefer, 2007. Phreatobiidae. Distribution: Subterranean waters [wells 6-12 m deep], near Paraguá River, Iténez River basin, Bolivia and Brazil. Habitat: freshwater..